SOLUTION COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS OF CaZrO3 USING MIXED FUEL

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (31) ◽  
pp. 6107-6113 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. LIMSAY ◽  
R. A. TAYADE ◽  
C. B. TALWATKAR ◽  
S. P. YAWALE ◽  
S. S. YAWALE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Metal Nitrates ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis

With the advent of nanotechnology, methods of synthesis have attained immense importance since it governs particle size of the materials. In this paper, we report synthesis of CaZrO 3 by simple and energy efficient method that produced ultra fine powder having particle size in the nanometers. Synthesis of CaZrO 3 was carried out using corresponding metal nitrates and mixed fuels i.e., glycine and urea at a temperature less than 500°C. The reaction was highly exothermic in nature. The product obtained was voluminous and foamy. The as synthesized CaZrO 3 is crystalline in nature. It required no further heating. The compound was indexed using standard indexing procedure and the lattice constants matches completely with those reported in the literature. Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) results shows that the material is highly stable internally during the whole range of temperature studied i.e., up to 1000°C. The powder density of the material was calculated to be 5.6393 g cm -1. BET surface area was found to be 11.505 m 2/ g . The particle size was calculated using density and BET surface area values. The particle size of the as synthesized CaZrO 3 was found to be 92 nm. The product was further characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope and electrical conductivity.

scholarly journals 2D Polymeric Network of Cu/Na, A Route for the Preparation Truncated Octahedral Catalyst Applicable in the WGS Reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh Razmara
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Water Gas Shift ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wgs Reaction ◽  
Water Gas

Abstract A 2D heterometallic copper(II)–sodium(I) complex based on pyridine 2,6-dicarboxylato (dipic2-) formulated as [Cu(μ-dipic)2{Na2(µ-H2O)4}]n. 2nH2O (1) has been synthesized. Thermal stability of complex 1 was studied by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) analysis showed that the parallelepiped colorless crystal of complex 1 crystallizes in a monoclinic system with the space group P2/c . A highly dispersed truncated octahedral catalyst formulated as Cu-Na/Al2O3 (CNM) was prepared by thermal decomposition of complex 1. Besides, the reference catalyst of Cu-Na/Al2O3 (CNR) was prepared by impregnation conventional method. The catalysts were examined by FT-IR, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, and subjected to water-gas shift (WGS) reaction in the temperature range of 150-400 °C. The catalysts showed strong surface structure-activity dependence in WGS reaction. Improved catalytic performance during the water-gas shift reaction was observed for CNM compared to CNR due to its high dispersion, smaller particle size, and higher BET specific surface area.

Thermal Conductivity of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Combustion Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranati Sahoo ◽  
Dinesh Misra ◽  
Girija Shankar Chaubey ◽  
James Salvador ◽  
Nathan J. Takas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Nickel Oxide ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles

AbstractMonodispersed nickel oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized using solution combustion synthesis method. Size of the nanoparticles was controlled by varying different reaction parameters such as reaction temperature and reaction time. Structure and morphology of the nanoparticles were investigated using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. BET surface area of 99.7 m2/g was obtained for the nanoparticles synthesized at 300 °C. A decrease in surface area was observed with increase in reaction temperature. The nanoparticles were compacted using spark plasma sintering technique at 950 °C and thermal conductivity was studied on compacted sample. Significant decrease in thermal conductivity was observed for nanoparticles in compared to their bulk counter-part.

Microstructural properties and pozzolanic activity of calcined kaolins as supplementary cementing materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 1274-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erhan Güneyisi ◽  
Mehmet Gesoǧlu ◽  
Turan Özturan ◽  
Kasım Mermerdaş
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Pozzolanic Activity ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis

In this study, the utilization of unprocessed kaolins calcined at various temperatures as supplementary cementing material was investigated experimentally. The current work deals with four kaolin deposits existing in the western region of Turkey that have not yet been investigated for this purpose. Thermal properties of the unprocessed kaolins were examined by means of differential thermal and thermo gravimetric analysis. After determination of the thermal behavior, pozzolanic activity indices of the kaolins were determined according to ASTM C311. Based on the pozzolanic activity test results, calcination temperatures were assigned for kaolins and the changes in the mineralogical composition and the formation of amorphous structures were examined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The changes in particle size and specific surface area of the calcined kaolin minerals were observed through, particle size analysis with laser diffractometer, Scanning electron microscopy image analysis, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area measurement. The results showed that a complete kaolinite to metakaolinite conversion was achieved by the calcination procedure adopted.

Effect of Synthesis Temperature on Particles Size and Morphology of Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticle

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 18-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudzani Sigwadi ◽  
Simon Dhlamini ◽  
Touhami Mokrani ◽  
Patrick Nonjola
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Zirconium Oxide ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Crystallite Sizes ◽  
Ft Ir

The paper presents the synthesis and investigation of zirconium oxide (ZrO2) nanoparticles that were synthesised by precipitation method with the effects of the temperatures of reaction on the particles size, morphology, crystallite sizes and stability at high temperature. The reaction temperature effect on the particle size, morphology, crystallite sizes and stabilized a higher temperature (tetragonal and cubic) phases was studied. Thermal decomposition, band structure and functional groups were analyzed by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). The crystal structure was determined using X-ray diffraction. The morphology and the particle size were studied using (SEM) and (TEM). The shaped particles were confirmed through the SEM analysis. The transmission electron microscopic analysis confirmed the formation of the nanoparticles with the particle size. The FT-IR spectra showed the strong presence of ZrO2 nanoparticles.

Fabrication, Structural, and Spectroscopic Investigation of Tb-Doped Lu3Al5O12 Phosphor

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 2934-2939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yikun Liao ◽  
Danyu Jiang ◽  
Tao Feng ◽  
Jianlin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Crystallization Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Urea Content ◽  
Emission Intensity Ratio ◽  
Combustion Synthesis Technique

A simple solution combustion synthesis technique was explored to produce Tb3+-doped Lu3Al5O12 (LuAG:Tb) phosphor with particle size in the range from about 25 to 900 nm by using glycine, urea, and the mixture of them as fuels. The effects of processing parameters such as type of fuel, fuel-to-oxidizer ratio and the composition of the complex fuel were studied. An increase in phosphor brightness and a decrease in crystallization temperature with increasing urea content in the fuel were observed. The integrated emission intensity ratio of the 5D3–7Fj transition to the 5D4–7Fj transition as a function of Tb concentration in LuAG was also investigated. It is very interesting that the growth process of the particles exhibited two steps when the content of urea in the complex fuel increased from 0 to 1.0. By tailoring the glycine-to-urea ratio in the fuel, an excellent fuel was found and high performance phosphors were obtained.

Effect of Annealing Temperature on Phase Transition of Nanoalumina Synthesized by Auto-Combustion Route

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 74-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adil ◽  
Hasnah Mohd Zaid ◽  
Kean Chuan Lee ◽  
Noor Rasyada Ahmad Latiff
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Amorphous State ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Crystalline Phases ◽  
Auto Combustion

Nanocrystalline Al2O3 powder has been successfully synthesized by a simple and fast sol-gel auto-combustion method. The transformation of crystalline phases of as-synthesized nano powders was investigated through X-ray diffraction in terms of their crystallinity and crystallite size. Subsequently, a detailed transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigation, including specific area electron diffraction (SAED) analysis revealed the crystallographic alterations and morphological information even at lattice scale which co-include the XRD analysis. The results obtained allow to explain the evolution of an amorphous state into different crystalline phases with increased calcining temperature; and their relation to particle size. The particle size is found to be closely related to phase transition of Al2O3 from γ → δ → θ → κ →α. The existence of distinctive bonds and band energy were studied by employing Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-visible spectroscopy, respectively. On the other hand, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) had also been performed to confirm the phase purity of nano powder.

scholarly journals Solution Combustion Synthesis of Fe2O3-Based Catalyst for Ammonia Synthesis

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1027
Author(s):  
Binxiang Cai ◽  
Huazhang Liu ◽  
Wenfeng Han
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Synthesis Reaction ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Metal Nitrates

Fe2O3-based catalysts were prepared by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) with metal nitrates (Fe, K, Al, Ca) as the precursors and glycine as the fuel. The activities of catalysts were evaluated in terms of ammonia synthesis reaction rate in a fixed bed reactor similar to the industrial reactors. The results indicate that the precursor of catalyst prepared by SCS is Fe2O3 which facilitates the high dispersion of promoters to provide high activity. The catalysts exhibit higher activity for ammonia synthesis than that of traditional catalysts, and the reaction rate reaches 138.5 mmol g−1 h−1. Fe2O3 prepared by SCS could be favorable precursor for ammonia synthesis catalyst. The present study provides a pathway to prepare catalyst for ammonia synthesis.

The Influence of Calcination Temperature on Quantitative Phase of Hematite from Iron Stone Tanah Laut

2015 ◽  
Vol 1112 ◽  
pp. 489-492
Author(s):  
Ali Mufid ◽  
M. Zainuri
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Co Precipitation

This research aims to form particles of hematite (α-Fe2O3) with a basis of mineral iron ore Fe3O4 from Tanah Laut. Magnetite Fe3O4 was synthesized using co-precipitation method. Further characterization using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to obtain the percentage of the elements, obtained an iron content of 98.51%. Then characterized using thermo-gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC) to determine the calcination temperature, that at a temperature of 445 °C mass decreased by 0.369% due to increase in temperature. Further Characterization of X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the phases formed at the calcination temperature variation of 400 °C, 445 °C, 500 °C and 600 °C with a holding time of 5 hours to form a single phase α-Fe2O3 hematite. Testing with a particle size analyzer (PSA) to determine the particle size distribution, where test results indicate that the α-Fe2O3 phase of each having a particle size of 269.7 nm, 332.2 nm, 357.9 nm, 412.2 nm. The best quantity is shown at a temperature of 500 °C to form the hematite phase. This result is used as the calcination procedure to obtain a source of Fe ions in the manufacture of Lithium Ferro Phosphate.

Effect of calcination temperature on properties of waste alkaline battery-based catalysts for deep oxidation of toluene and o-xylene

2020 ◽  
pp. 0958305X2093255
Author(s):  
Young-Kwon Park ◽  
Min Ki Kim ◽  
Sang Chul Jung ◽  
Wang Geun Shim ◽  
Seong Ho Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Deep Oxidation ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Alkaline Battery

To evaluate waste alkaline battery (WB) as a catalyst for deep oxidation of toluene and o-xylene, we investigated how calcination temperature influenced the catalytic activity of WB-based catalyst for catalyst preparation. Physicochemical properties of WB-based catalysts were characterized by BET (Brunauer Emmett Teller) analysis, XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM/EDX (scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive X-ray), TGA/DTA (thermo gravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis), and H2-TPR (hydrogen temperature programmed reduction). Major elements of WB-based catalysts were carbon, manganese, zinc, and iron. The catalytic activity of WB-based catalyst was significantly influenced by calcination temperatures ranging from 300 °C–600°C. An increase calcination temperature resulted in a significant decrease in the BET surface area and concentrations of surface carbon and chlorine of the WB-based catalyst, while levels of other components increased. The average pore diameter of the WB-based catalyst calcined at 400 °C (WB (400) catalyst) was the smallest. The concentrations of manganese and iron in WB (400) catalyst were the highest, while those of manganese and iron in the WB-based catalyst calcined at 300 °C (WB (300) catalyst) were the lowest. Therefore, a good performance of WB (400) catalyst was likely due to its higher concentrations of manganese and iron and smaller pore size. When GHSV (gas hourly space velocity) was 40,000 h−1, toluene and o-xylene were completely oxidized on WB (400) catalyst at 430 °C and 440 °C, respectively.

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