FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF INJECTION-MOLDED BAMBOO/PBS COMPOSITES

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (15n16) ◽  
pp. 2838-2843 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAZUYA OHKITA ◽  
HITOSHI TAKAGI
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Polybutylene Succinate ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Bamboo Powder ◽  
Opposite Tendency

In recent years, from an environmental perspective, there has been increasing interest in the change to a sustainable society. The use of natural-fiber-reinforced biodegradable composites has been proposed as one solution. Bamboo is an often used renewable bio-resource; it has an inherent advantage of rapid growth. Polybutylene succinate ( PBS ), used as matrix resin, has biodegradable characteristics. This paper describes flexural properties of bamboo/ PBS composites prepared by injection molding. The following results were obtained. The flexural modulus was improved with increasing bamboo powder contents when the cylinder temperature of the injection molder was 140°C. However, the flexural strength showed the opposite tendency to be decreased with increasing bamboo powder contents. An SEM photomicrograph of the fracture surface for bamboo/ PBS composites showed typical fracture behavior of pull-out fibers without fiber fracture. Furthermore, there was no adhesion of PBS resin on the bamboo fiber surface. Processing conditions affected mechanical properties of bamboo/ PBS composites, imparting higher flexural strength and flexural modulus at high cylinder temperatures such as 180°C and 200°C.

scholarly journals Influence of Fiber Volume and Fiber Length on Thermal and Flexural Properties of a Hybrid Natural Polymer Composite Prepared with Banana Stem, Pineapple Leaf, and S-Glass

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
K. B. Prakash ◽  
Yahya Ali Fageehi ◽  
Rajasekaran Saminathan ◽  
P. Manoj Kumar ◽  
S. Saravanakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Banana Stem

There is more demand for natural fiber-reinforced composites in the energy sector, and their impact on the environment is almost zero. Natural fiber has plenty of advantages, such as easy recycling and degrading property, low density, and low price. Natural fiber’s thermal properties and flexural properties are less than conventional fiber. This work deals with the changes in the thermal properties and mechanical properties of S-glass reinforced with a sodium hydroxide-treated pineapple leaf (PALF) and banana stem fibers. Banana stem and pineapple leaf fibers (PALF) were used at various volume fractions, i.e., 30%, 40%, and 50%, and various fiber lengths of 20 cm, 30 cm, and 40 cm with S-glass, and their effects on the thermal and mechanical properties were studied, and their optimum values were found. It was evidenced that increasing the fiber volume and fiber length enhanced the flexural and thermal properties up to 40% of the fiber volume, and started to decrease at 50% of the fiber volume. The fiber length provides an affirmative effect on the flexural properties and a pessimistic effect on the thermal properties. The PALF S-glass combination of 40% fiber load and 40 cm fiber length provides maximum flexural strength, flexural modulus, storage modulus, and lowest loss modulus based on hybrid Taguchi grey relational optimization techniques. PALF S-glass hybrid composite has been found to have 7.80%, 3.44%, 1.17% higher flexural strength, flexural modulus, and loss modulus, respectively, and 15.74% lower storage modulus compared to banana S-glass hybrid composite.

scholarly journals Enhanced flexural properties of aramid fiber/epoxy composites by graphene oxide

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 484-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinqiu Wu ◽  
Bolin Tang ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Xiaoling Zeng ◽  
Jingjing Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Interfacial Shear Strength ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Interfacial Shear ◽  
Aramid Fiber ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Pure Epoxy

Abstract The reinforcing effect of graphene oxide (GO) in enhancing the flexural strength and flexural modulus of aramid fiber (AF)/epoxy composites were investigated with GO-AFs at a weight fraction of 0.1-0.7%. The flexural strength and flexural modulus of the composite reached 87.16 MPa and 1054.7 MPa, respectively, which were about 21.19% and 40.86% higher than those of the pure epoxy resin, respectively. In addition, the flexural properties and interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of composite reinforced by GO-AFs were much higher than the composites reinforced by AFs due to GO improved the interfacial bonding between the reinforcement material and matrix.

Study on Thermal, Thermo-Mechanical, and Flexural Properties of Jute Fiber Surface Modification and Its Reinforced Composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Syed Rashedul Islam ◽  
Abeer Alassod ◽  
Mohammed Kayes Patoary ◽  
Tayyab Naveed ◽  
Md Arshad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Jute Fibers ◽  
Composite Properties

In recent years, reinforced composites from biodegradable and natural fibers have a worldwide scope for advanced applications. However, the core limitation of natural fiber reinforced composites are poor consistency among supporting fibers and the matrix. Therefore, optimal structural performance of fibers and matrix is desirable. In this study, chemical treatments (i.e., alkali pretreatment, acid pretreatment, and scouring) were applied to jute fibers for improvement of composite properties. Thermal, thermo-mechanical, and flexural properties, and surface morphology, of untreated and treated jute fibers were studied on the treated fibers. Jute fiber/epoxy composite properties were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), flexural strength and modulus, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The chemical treatments had a significant impact on the properties of jute fiber composites.

scholarly journals Influence of microfillers addition on the flexural properties of carbon fiber reinforced phenolic composites

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110316
Author(s):  
IA Abdulganiyu ◽  
INA Oguocha ◽  
AG Odeshi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Colloidal Silica ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Cfrp Composites ◽  
Sic Particles ◽  
Flexural Loading

The effects of microfiller addition on the flexural properties of carbon fiber reinforced phenolic (CFRP) matrix composites were investigated. The CFRP was produced using colloidal silica and silicon carbide (SiC) microfillers, 2 D woven carbon fibers, and two variants of phenolic resole (HRJ-15881 and SP-6877). The resins have the same phenol and solid content but differ in their viscosities and HCHO (formaldehyde) content. The weight fractions of microfillers incorporated into the phenolic matrix are 0.5 wt.%, 1 wt.%, 1.5 wt.%, and 2 wt.%. Flexural properties were determined using a three-point bending test and the damage evolution under flexural loading was investigated using optical and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that the reinforcement of phenolic resins with carbon fibers increased the flexural strength of the HRJ-15881 and SP-6877 by 508% and 909%, respectively. The flexural strength of the CFRP composites further increased with the addition of SiC particles up to 1 wt.% SiC but decreased with further increase in the amount of SiC particles. On the other hand, the flexural modulus of the CFRP composites generally decreased with the addition of SiC microfiller. Both the flexural strength and flexural modulus of the CFRP did not improve with the addition of colloidal silica particles. The decrease in flexural properties is caused by the agglomeration of the microfillers, with colloidal silica exhibiting more tendency for agglomeration than SiC. The fractured surfaces revealed fiber breakage, matrix cracking, and delamination under flexural loading. The tendency for failure worsened at microfiller addition of ≥1.5 wt.%.

The Effect of Fiber Position and Polymerization Condition on the Flexural Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Composite

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lippo V.J. Lassila ◽  
Pekka K. Vallittu
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Monomer Content ◽  
Light Curing ◽  
Polymerization Condition

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the position of the fiber rich layer on the flexural properties of fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) construction. In addition, the total residual monomer content of FRC was quantitatively determined to find out the difference of the effectiveness of two types of light-curing units using liquid chromatography (HPLC). Unidirectional continuous E-glass FRC and hybrid particulate filler composite resins were used in the fabrication of test specimens. Four different positions of the FRC layer were used: compression, neutral, tension, and vertical side position. A three-point bending test (ISO 10477) was performed to measure the flexural properties of the specimens. Position of the FRC layer had a significant effect on the flexural strength (p<0.001, ANOVA). Also, the type of light-curing device had an effect on flexural strength (p<0.001). Specimens with FRC positioned on the compression side showed flexural strength of approximately 250 MPa, whereas FRC positioned on the tension side showed strength ranging from 500 to 600 MPa. Mean flexural modulus with FRC placed horizontally ranged between 9-12 GPa; no significant difference was found between these groups. However when fiber reinforcement was positioned vertically, the flexural modulus raised up to 16 GPa. Specimens with 24 vol% glass fibers contained 52% less residual monomer than specimens without glass fibers. The monomer content was lower in specimens polymerized with the curing device with higher polymerization temperature. In order to optimize flexural strength of low fiber volume fraction, the fibers should be placed at the tension side of the specimen. Citation Lassila LVJ, Vallittu PK. The Effect of Fiber Position and Polymerization Condition on the Flexural Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Composite. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 May;(5)2:014-026.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study on the Flexural Properties of Vinyl Ester Composites Filled with Glass Powder

2010 ◽  
Vol 123-125 ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Harry Ku ◽  
Mohan Trada ◽  
Rezwanul Huq
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Flexural Tests ◽  
Sufficient Strength

Vinyl ester resin was filled with of glass powder with a view to increasing the flexural strength of the composites for civil and structural applications by a research Centre on composites, University of Southern Queensland (USQ). In order to reduce costs, the Centre wishes to fill as much glass powder as possible to the resin subject to maintaining sufficient strength of the composites in civil and structural applications. This project varies the percentage by weight of the glass powder in the composites, which are then subjected to flexural tests. The flexural strength and strain of the glass powder filled vinyl ester composites decreased with increasing filler content but the flexural modulus was highest at 20 w/t % of glass powder. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to analyze the fractured samples and it was found that the fractured surfaces examined were correlated with the flexural properties.

Effect of Polypropylene Fiber on Strength and Flexural Properties of Concrete Containing Silica Fume

2011 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Hong Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Fiber Volume

A designed experimental study has been conducted to investigate the effect of polypropylene fiber on the compressive strength and flexural properties of concrete containing silica fume, a large number of experiments have been carried out in this study. The flexural properties include flexural strength and flexural modulus of elasticity. On the basis of the experimental results of the specimens of six sets of mix proportions, the mechanism of action of polypropylene fiber on compressive strength, flexural strength and flexural modulus of elasticity has been analyzed in details. The results indicate that there is a tendency of increase in the compressive strength and flexural strength, and the flexural modulus of elasticity of concrete containing silica fume decrease gradually with the increase of fiber volume fraction.

Evaluation of Interfacial Properties of Sisal Fiber Reinforced High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 334-335 ◽  
pp. 625-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Hong Xia Deng ◽  
Ye Hong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Interfacial Properties ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Bonding Properties ◽  
Fiber Surface Treatment ◽  
Sisal Fibers

Statistical methods were employed to study the structure characteristics of sisal fibers. Two types of fiber surface treatment methods, namely chemical bonding and oxidization were used to improve the interfacial bonding properties of sisal fiber reinforced HDPE (sisal/HDPE) composites. Interfacial properties were evaluated by single fiber pull out test. The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) was calculated and analyzed by the statistical parameters. The results were compared with those obtained by traditional ways. A novel method which could more accurately evaluate the interfacial properties between natural fiber and polymeric matrices was proposed.

scholarly journals Mechanical Characterization of Epoxy Filled with Seed Shells as Reinforcement

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 6972-6977
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Sunflower Seed Shells

The use of natural fiber composite has been widely promoted in many industries such as construction, automotive and even aerospace. Natural fibers can be extracted from plants that are abundantly available in the form of waste such as sunflower seed shells (SSS) and groundnut shells (GNS). These fibers were chosen as the reinforcement in epoxy to form composites. The performance of composites was evaluated following the ASTM D3039 and ASTM D790 for tensile and flexural tests respectively. Eight types of composites were prepared using SSS and GNS fibers as reinforcement and epoxy as the matrix with the fiber content of 20wt %. The fibers were untreated and treated with Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) at various concentrations (6%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) and soaking time (24, 48 and 72 hours). The treatment has successfully enhanced the mechanical properties of both composites, namely SSS/epoxy and GNS/epoxy composites. The SSS/epoxy composite has the best mechanical properties when the fibers were treated for 48 hours using 6% of NaOH that produced 22 MPa and 13 MPa of tensile and flexural strength respectively. Meanwhile, the treatment on groundnut shells with 10% sodium Hydroxide for 24 hours has increased the Flexural strength tremendously (53%), however no significant effect on the tensile strength. The same trend was also observed on the tensile and flexural modulus. The increase of 41% in flexural modulus after treatment with 10% NaOH for 24 hours was also the evidence of mechanical properties enhancement. The evidence of improved fiber and matrix bonding after fiber treatment was also observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SSS/epoxy composites performed better in tensile application, meanwhile the GNS/epoxy composites are good in flexural application.

Flexural Properties of Silorane Bone Cement

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. Melander ◽  
Rachel A. Weiler ◽  
Bradley D. Miller ◽  
Kathleen V. Kilway ◽  
J. David Eick
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Zirconium Oxide ◽  
Barium Sulfate ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Bone Cements ◽  
Powder Component

There has been little change in the formulation of bone cements since Sir John Charnley first developed them in the 1970s. Bone cements are methacrylate based systems packaged in two components [1]. The powder component contains a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), methyl methacrylate-styrene-copolymer, and a radio opacifier (either barium sulfate or zirconium oxide) [2]. The second component is a liquid monomer typically containing methyl methacrylate, N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine (activator), and hydroquinone. Flexural strength and flexural modulus of bone cements range between 60–75 MPa and 2.2–3.3 GPa, respectively [3, 4]. ISO 5833 requires bone cements to have a strength greater than 50 MPa and a modulus greater than 1.8 GPa [5].

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