STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF PET POLYMER FILMS MODIFIED BY LOW ENERGY Ar+ ION BEAMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. H. A. FAWZY ◽  
H. M. ABDEL-HAMID ◽  
M. M. EL-OKR ◽  
A. ATTA
Keyword(s):  
Ion Irradiation ◽  
Carbon Cluster ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Ion Beams ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Argon Ion ◽  
Pet Films

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films with thickness 40[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m are irradiated with 3[Formula: see text]keV argon ion beams with different fluence ranging from [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]ions.cm[Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]ions.cm[Formula: see text] using locally designed broad ion source. The changes in the PET structure are characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. The XRD patterns show that the peak intensity decreases with irradiation and the particle size decreases from 65.75 Å for the un-irradiated to 52.80 Å after irradiation. The FTIR indicates partial decrease and reduction in the intensity of the bands due to the degradation of the polymer after ion irradiation. The optical energy band gap decreases from 3.14[Formula: see text]eV to 3.05[Formula: see text]eV and the number of carbon cluster increases from 119 to 126 after ion irradiation. The results show a slight increase in the electrical conductivities and the dielectric constant ([Formula: see text]). The results indicate the effectiveness of using PET films as capacitors and resistors in industrial applications.

Tribological Properties of Si-DLC Coatings Synthesized with Nitrogen, Argon Plus Nitrogen, and Argon Ion Beams

1997 ◽  
Vol 504 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Fountzoulas ◽  
J. D. Demaree ◽  
L. C. Sengupta ◽  
J. K. Hirvonen ◽  
D. Dimitrov
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beams ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Carbon Coatings ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Disk Friction ◽  
Knoop Microhardness ◽  
Nitrogen Ion ◽  
Argon Ion

ABSTRACTHard, adherent, and low-friction silicon-containing diamond-like carbon coatings (Si-DLC) have been synthesized at room temperature by 40 keV (N+ plus N2+), 50%Ar+/50% (N+ plus N2+), and Ar+ ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) of a tetraphenyl-tetramethyl-trisiloxane oil on silicon and sapphire substrates. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that all coatings were amorphous. The average coating wear rate and the average unlubricated steel ball-on-disk friction coefficient, μ, decreased with increasing fraction of nitrogen in the ion beam, along with an increase in the average coating growth rate. The Knoop microhardness and nanohardness values of the coatings synthesized by the mixed argon and nitrogen ion beam were higher than the values for the coatings synthesized with 100% nitrogen or 100%argon ion beams. These friction/wear improvements are tentatively attributed to both increased hardening due to greater penetration and ionization induced hardening by the lighter (N) ions and to the presence of Si02 on the surface of N-bombarded samples.

Heavy Ion Irradiation Effects on Cadmium Oxide (CdO) Quantum Dots Prepared by Quenching Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hardev Singh Virk ◽  
Poonam Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Ion Irradiation ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Cadmium Oxide ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Irradiation Effects ◽  
Heavy Ion Irradiation ◽  
Quenching Method

Cadmium oxide (CdO) quantum dots were synthesized in the laboratory by quenching method using CdO powder sintered at 9000C and ethyl alcohol kept at ice cold temperature. X-ray diffraction investigations reveal the NaCl cubic structure of CdO quantum dots. Addition of ethylenediamine to a portion of reaction mixture containing quantum dots results in the conversion of nanoparticles to nanorods. Heavy ion irradiation using 90 MeV Carbon (C+6) ion beam accelerated at 15 UD Pelletron, with fluence varying from 1011 to 1013 ions/cm2 , produced enlargement in the size of quantum dots revealed by TEM investigations. Heavy ion irradiation effects need to be investigated further, in view of industrial applications of quantum dots.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Hot Extruded Aluminum/Tin-Bismuth Composites Produced by Powder Metallurgy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Khan ◽  
Penchal Reddy Matli ◽  
Muddasir Nawaz ◽  
Manohar Reddy Mattli ◽  
Gururaj Parande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽  
Microwave Sintering ◽  
Hot Extrusion ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Xrd Patterns

In this study, Al-BiSn composites were synthesized by a combination of microwave sintering and hot extrusion processes. The structural, morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties were investigated to elucidate the role of Bi60Sn40 (BiSn) alloy content (5, 10, and 15 wt.%) in modifying the properties of Al-BiSn composites. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed the presence of aluminum and BiSn particles. Distribution of BiSn particles in Al-BiSn composites was confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy associated with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (FE-SEM-EDX). Results indicated that hot extruded Al-(15 wt.% BiSn) composite exhibits maximum hardness (78 ± 4 Hv) and tensile strength (185 ± 3 MPa), which were 117% and 58% improvements, respectively, compared to pure Al. This improvement in mechanical properties can be attributed to the strengthening effect of BiSn particles. A decline in the values of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) with an increasing amount of BiSn particles reflects the enhanced thermal stability of developed Al-BiSn composites. The promising properties of Al-BiSn composites make them suitable for many industrial applications.

Evaluation of Argon ion irradiation hardening of ferritic/martensitic steel-T91 using nanoindentation, X-ray diffraction and TEM techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 172 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 678-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Naveen Kumar ◽  
R. Tewari ◽  
P. Mukherjee ◽  
N. Gayathri ◽  
P. V. Durgaprasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Martensitic Steel ◽  
Ion Irradiation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Irradiation Hardening ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Argon Ion

scholarly journals Influence of BaO Doping on the Structural, ac Conductivity, and Dielectric Properties of BiFeO3 Multiferroic Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Ayoub ◽  
Ibrahim Morad ◽  
H. Elhosiny Ali ◽  
M. M. Mostafa ◽  
M. M. El–Desoky
Keyword(s):  
Curie Temperature ◽  
Ac Conductivity ◽  
Conduction Mechanism ◽  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cbh Model ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Abstract The Bi1 − xBaxFeO3 (BiBaFeO3) multiferroic nanoparticles with different Ba molar concentrations were fabricated in reliance on the solid-state reaction technique. Nanostructures of the prepared samples were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) together with Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, whereas the ac conductivity, dielectric and ferroelectric features were examined depending on the RLC Bridge, and Sawyer–Tower circuit. XRD patterns displayed the creation of rhombohedral–hexagonal single-phase of BiBaFeO3. The formation of BiBaFeO3 multiferroic nanoparticles was confirmed by FTIR spectra. Curie temperature (TC) was observed around 1121–1189 K. Ferroelectric polarization was enhanced with remnant polarization of 88.8 µC/cm2 by Ba2+ ions substitution at x = 0.15 mol%. Besides, ac electrical conductivities as a function of frequency as well as temperature were reported for all BiBaFeO3 multiferroic nanoparticles, which exhibit a strong frequency dependence with conduction mechanism is the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model. The obtained high polarization and Curie temperature enhance their use in information storage devices.

Microstructural characterization of sol-gel coating on PET films

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 886-887
Author(s):  
R. T. Chen ◽  
R.A. Norwood
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Ion Beam Sputtering ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Refractive Index Measurement ◽  
Organically Modified ◽  
Pet Films

Sol-gel processing has been used to control the structure of a material on a nanometer scale in preparing advanced ceramics and glasses. Film coating using the sol-gel process was also found to be a viable process technology in applications such as optical, porous, antireflection and hard coatings. In this study, organically modified silicate (Ormosil) coatings are applied to PET films for various industrial applications. Sol-gel materials are known to exhibit nanometer scale structures which havepreviously been characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), neutron scattering and light scattering. Imaging of the ultrafine sol-gel structures has also been performed using an ultrahigh resolution replica/TEM technique. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ultrafine structures inthe sol gel coatings using a direct imaging technique: atomic force microscopy (AFM). In addition, correlation of microstructures with processing parameters, coating density and other physical properties will be discussed.The materials evaluated are organically modified silicate coatings on PET film substrates. Refractive index measurement by the prism coupling method was used to assess density of the sol-gel coating.AFM imaging was performed on a Nanoscope III AFM (by Digital Instruments) using constant force mode. Solgel coating samples coated with a thin layer of Ft (by ion beam sputtering) were also examined by STM in order to confirm the structures observed in the contact type AFM. In addition, to compare the previous results, sol-gel powder samples were also prepared by ultrasonication followed by Pt/Au shadowing and examined using a JEOL 100CX TEM.

Structural and Magnetic Hysteresis Properties of Co-Zr Substituted Hexagonal Barium Ferrites

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1346-1351
Author(s):  
Ch.Gopal Reddy ◽  
Ch. Venkateshwarlu ◽  
P. Vijaya Bhasker Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Magnetic Hysteresis ◽  
Grain Morphology ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
Ion Composition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ceramic Method ◽  
Barium Ferrites ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Co-Zr substituted M-type hexagonal barium ferrites, with chemical formula BaCoxZrxFe12-2xO19 (where x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0), have been synthesized by double sintering ceramic method. The crystallographic properties, grain morphology and magnetic properties of these ferrites have been investigated by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The XRD patterns confirm the single phase with hexagonal structure of prepared ferrites. The magnetic properties have been investigated as a function of Co and Zr ion composition at an applied field in the range of 20 KOe. These studies indicate that the saturation magnetization (Ms) in the samples increases initially up to the Co-Zr composition of x=0.6 and decreases thereafter. On the other hand, the coercivity (Hc) and Remanent magnetization (Mr) are found to decrease continuously with increasing Co-Zr content. This property is most useful in permanent magnetic recording. The observed results are explained on the basis of site occupation of Co and Zr ions in the samples.

scholarly journals Statistical analysis of the reproducibility of residual stress measurements in cold extruded parts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Jaeger ◽  
Alessandro Franceschi ◽  
Holger Hoche ◽  
Peter Groche ◽  
Matthias Oechsner
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Cold Extrusion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stress States ◽  
Key Aspects

AbstractCold extruded components are characterized by residual stresses, which originate from the experienced manufacturing process. For industrial applications, reproducibility and homogeneity of the final components are key aspects for an optimized quality control. Although striving to obtain identical deformation and surface conditions, fluctuation in the manufacturing parameters and contact shear conditions during the forming process may lead to variations of the spatial residual stress distribution in the final product. This could lead to a dependency of the residual stress measurement results on the relative axial and circumferential position on the sample. An attempt to examine this problem is made by the employment of design of experiments (DoE) methods. A statistical analysis of the residual stress results generated through X-Ray diffraction is performed. Additionally, the ability of cold extrusion processes to generate uniform stress states is analyzed on specimens of austenitic stainless steel 1.4404 and possible correlations with the pre-deformed condition are statistically examined. Moreover, the influence of the coating, consisting of oxalate and a MoS2 based lubricant, on the X-Ray diffraction measurements of the surface is investigated.

scholarly journals Influence of Li2CO3 addition on electrical and magnetic properties of Ni0.6Mg0.4Fe2O4

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050003
Author(s):  
M. R. Hassan ◽  
M. T. Islam ◽  
M. N. I. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties ◽  
Frequency Regime ◽  
Xrd Patterns

In this research, influence of adding Li2CO3 (at 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%) on electrical and magnetic properties of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Fe2O4 (with 60% Ni and 40% Mg) ferrite has been studied. The samples are prepared by solid state reaction method and sintered at 1300∘C for 6[Formula: see text]h. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns show the samples belong to single-phase cubic structure without any impurity phase. The magnetic properties (saturation magnetization and coercivity) of the samples have been investigated by VSM and found that the higher concentration of Li2CO3 reduces the hysteresis loss. DC resistivity increases with Li2CO3 contents whereas it decreases initially and then becomes constant at lower value with temperature which indicates that the studied samples are semiconductor. The dielectric dispersion occurs at a low-frequency regime and the loss peaks are formed in a higher frequency regime, which are due to the presence of resonance between applied frequency and hopping frequency of charge carriers. Notably, the loss peaks are shifted to the lower frequency with Li2CO3 additions.

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