NORMATIVE, SOCIAL AND COGNITIVE PREDICTORS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL INTEREST IN CHINA, VIETNAM AND THE PHILIPPINES

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 57-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. CHRISTOPHER BAUGHN ◽  
JOHNSON S. R. CAO ◽  
LINH THI MY LE ◽  
VICTOR A. LIM ◽  
KENT E. NEUPERT
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Social Supports ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Consistent Pattern ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Cognitive Predictors ◽  
Country Differences

This study addresses normative, social and cognitive factors related to the interest in becoming an entrepreneur in China, Vietnam, and the Philippines. The study's findings are based on surveys of 782 business students in these countries. A rather consistent pattern of country differences was found on most of the measures, which may reflect differences in the historical, cultural, economic and political contexts of these nations. The results of this study emphasize the importance of developing both self-efficacy and close social supports in enhancing potential for entrepreneurial activity in these countries.

scholarly journals To sext or not to sext. The role of social-cognitive processes in the decision to engage in sexting

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1410-1429
Author(s):  
Claire Wilson ◽  
Tommy van Steen ◽  
Christabel Akinyode ◽  
Zara P. Brodie ◽  
Graham G. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Injunctive Norm ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Insight Into

Technology has given rise to online behaviors such as sexting. It is important that we examine predictors of such behavior in order to understand who is more likely to sext and thus inform intervention aimed at sexting awareness. We used the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to examine sexting beliefs and behavior. Participants (n = 418; 70.3% women) completed questionnaires assessing attitudes (instrumental and affective), subjective norms (injunctive and descriptive), control perceptions (self-efficacy and controllability) and intentions toward sexting. Specific sexting beliefs (fun/carefree beliefs, perceived risks and relational expectations) were also measured and sexting behavior reported. Relationship status, instrumental attitude, injunctive norm, descriptive norm and self-efficacy were associated with sexting intentions. Relationship status, intentions and self-efficacy related to sexting behavior. Results provide insight into the social-cognitive factors related to individuals’ sexting behavior and bring us closer to understanding what beliefs predict the behavior.

scholarly journals Predicting and Influencing Voice Therapy Adherence Using Social–Cognitive Factors and Mobile Video

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva van Leer ◽  
Nadine P. Connor
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Alliance ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Goal Commitment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Voice Therapy ◽  
Adherence Behavior ◽  
Treatment Onset

PurposePatient adherence to voice therapy is an established challenge. The purpose of this study was (a) to examine whether adherence to treatment could be predicted from three social–cognitive factors measured at treatment onset: self-efficacy, goal commitment, and the therapeutic alliance, and (b) to test whether the provision of clinician, self-, and peer model mobile treatment videos on MP4 players would influence the same triad of social cognitive factors and the adherence behavior of patients.MethodForty adults with adducted hyperfunction with and without benign lesions were prospectively randomized to either 4 sessions of voice therapy enhanced by MP4 support or without MP4 support. Adherence between sessions was assessed through self-report. Social cognitive factors and voice outcomes were assessed at the beginning and end of therapy. Utility of MP4 support was assessed via interviews.ResultsSelf-efficacy and the therapeutic alliance predicted a significant amount of adherence variance. MP4 support significantly increased generalization, self-efficacy for generalization, and the therapeutic alliance. An interaction effect demonstrated that MP4 support was particularly effective for patients who started therapy with poor self-efficacy for generalization.ConclusionAdherence may be predicted and influenced via social–cognitive means. Mobile technology can extend therapy to extraclinical settings.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial Socialization and Psychological Capital: Cross-Cultural and Multigroup Analyses of Impact of Mentoring, Optimism, and Self-Efficacy on Entrepreneurial Intentions

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Baluku ◽  
Leonsio Matagi ◽  
Khamisi Musanje ◽  
Julius Fred Kikooma ◽  
Kathleen Otto
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
East African ◽  
Country Differences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
African Sample

This study demonstrates that psychological capital is essential in the process of developing and strengthening entrepreneurial intentions. We specifically investigate the mediating roles of optimism and self-efficacy facets of psychological capital in the relationship between entrepreneurial mentoring and intentions. The study was conducted among 1,272 young persons from Germany and East Africa (Uganda and Kenya). These included 784 final year university students and 488 wage employed. A multigroup analysis was applied to test for the effects of employment status and country differences. Results indicate that mentoring, optimism, and self-efficacy are positively correlated with entrepreneurial intentions. Findings also supported the hypothesized-mediated mediation model that mentoring impacts on entrepreneurial intentions through optimism and self-efficacy. The association of entrepreneurial mentoring on intentions was higher among the Germany participants than in the East African sample as well as among the students compared with employed individuals. Practical and theoretical implications of our findings are discussed.

scholarly journals A Comparative Assessment of Listening Span and Self-Efficacy in Simultaneous Interpreting Training

Sendebar ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 167-176
Author(s):  
Saida Anssari Naim
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Training Phase ◽  
Initial Training ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Personality Dimension ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
Simultaneous Interpreting

This study compares the results obtained from a group of interpreting trainees in an adapted listening span test (cognitive dimension), with those obtained from this same group in two self-efficacy tests (personality dimension). The objective is to assess the predictive value of these tests with respect to the scores obtained by the subjects in a simultaneous interpreting test. The analysis of data leads us to the conclusion that, at least in an initial training phase in simultaneous interpreting, only the cognitive factors (measured here in terms of listening span) show a significant and positive predictive capacity of the quality in simultaneous interpreting. In this regard, personality factors (measured here in terms of self-efficacy) offer results contradictory to the expectations or no significant correlation values.

scholarly journals The Effect of Self Efficacy and Parent Support on Learning Motivation in Management Business Students in Padang's Private Vocational School

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
Ummul Hasanah ◽  
Alizamar Alizamar ◽  
Marjohan Marjohan ◽  
Engkizar Engkizar
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Vocational School ◽  
Academic Communities ◽  
Learning Attitudes ◽  
Attention To Students ◽  
Management Students

This study departs from the expectation that high or low student learning motivation are influenced by self-efficacy and family environment. The results of the study show that: 1) self-efficacy has a significant effect on learning motivation. 2) self-efficacy and parental support have a significant effect on learning motivation. This research is an associative descriptive study. The sample in this study is the business management students of class X and XI that are registered at Padang Private Vocational School. The findings from this study are expected to be a reference for teachers and other academic communities to be able to pay more attention to students in learning by giving attention to the family environment and paying attention to their learning attitudes and also help increase student motivation in learning so that maximum learning outcomes are obtained

scholarly journals The influence of self-efficacy, interest, and stereotype threat on career intentions and choices related to math and science.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Wong
Keyword(s):  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Cognitive Predictors ◽  
Math And Science ◽  
Verbal Test ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Science Interests

Women continue to be underrepresented in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) careers/sectors. Concurrently, negative stereotypes about women’s abilities to perform in STEM persists. This research examined whether gender stereotypes influence women’s STEM-related intentions and choices and the mediating influence of cognitive predictors based on the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT; Lent, Brown, & Hackett, 1994). In total, 194 women from Ryerson University were randomly assigned to a stereotype threat (n =65), stereotype nullification (n = 65), or control condition (n = 64). Participants completed questionnaires assessing math self-efficacy, math and science interests and intentions, and a math/verbal choice task. In support of SCCT, math self-efficacy and math/science interests predicted math/science intentions and choice on the math/verbal test. Furthermore, “math identified” participants in the stereotype threat condition reported lower math/science intentions. This research has implications for current interventions designed to increase women’s participation and retention in STEM.

scholarly journals Predicting Sexual Intention to Engage in Premarital Sex Among Late Adolescent in Kuantan Government Secondary Schools: An Application of Theory of Planned Behaviour

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah F ◽  
Draman S ◽  
Abd. Aziz KH ◽  
Zainuddin NA ◽  
Muhammad NA
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Premarital Sex ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Permissive Attitude ◽  
Sexual Intention

Introduction: Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), sexual intention is determined by three main socio-cognitive factors which are permissive attitudes, social-norms and self-efficacy in performing premarital sexual activity. Premarital sex associated with increased risk of sexually transmitted diseases and detrimental social implications. The aim of this study was to explore the correlation of the socio-cognitive factors in predicting intention to engage in premarital sex amongst late adolescents in Kuantan government secondary schools. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 466 pre-university students aged 18-19 years from nine government secondary schools in Kuantan district. A self-administered validated Youth Sexual Intention Questionnaire (YSI-Q) was used. Statistical analyses were done using IBM SPSS version 22.0. Results: Permissive attitude (r=0.579, p<0.001), perception of social-norms (r=0.513, p<0.001) and perceived self-efficacy (r=0.253, p<0.001) were positively correlated with the sexual intention towards premarital sex. The higher the permissive attitude, social-norms and perceived self-efficacy, the higher the sexual intention score. There was a significant difference in the level of sexual intention between male (35.6%) and female (64.4%) with mean (SD) score of 10.54 (3.8) and 7.3 (2.9) respectively. Students with premarital sex experience (1.5%) showed significantly higher score in sexual intention than student without premarital sex experience (t=4.54, p<0.001). Conclusion: This study confirmed permissive attitude, perception of social-norms and perceived self-efficacy were positively correlated with sexual intention towards premarital sex among the late adolescents. Therefore, it is important to consider this TPB theoretical framework in designing sexual abstinence intervention to curb the unsafe sexual behaviour.

scholarly journals The Significance of Self-directed Learning Readiness, Academic Self-efficacy, and Problem-solving Ability Among Filipino Nursing Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
Johnny J. Yao
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Directed Learning ◽  
Learning Readiness ◽  
Directed Learning ◽  
Indirect Association ◽  
Academic Self Efficacy

A professional skill that permits nursing students to carry out nursing interventions in the workplace is the ability to solve health care problems. This is essential if they want to become professional nurses. Educators have been attempting to establish effective instructional techniques to improve nursing students’ problem-solving abilities. This study examined the relationship between problem-solving ability, academic self-efficacy, and self-directed learning readiness (SDLR) among nursing students. This study utilized a descriptive correlational study and recruited 170 nursing students in a private higher education institution in the Philippines. Standardized questionnaires were distributed, and data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results show that there is a significant indirect association between problem-solving ability and SDLR (r = -0.525, p < 0.001). Secondly, there is a significant direct association between SDLR and academic self-efficacy (r = 0.549, p < 0.001). Lastly, there is a significant indirect association between academic self-efficacy and problem-solving ability (r = -0.505, p < 0.001). The findings substantiate the assumptions of the study that academic self-efficacy, SDLR, and problem-solving ability of students have relationships with each other. Thus, students who are self-directed learners and are confident with their abilities of success in school tasks are able to solve complex problems or issues. Future research may be explored using longitudinal designs to be able to ascertain the causal link and directionality of the variables related to the present study.

scholarly journals Using structural equation modelling to characterise multilevel socioecological predictors and mediators of condom use among transgender women and cisgender men who have sex with men in the Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. e002463
Author(s):  
Arjee Restar ◽  
Adedotun Ogunbajo ◽  
Alexander Adia ◽  
Jennifer Nazareno ◽  
Laufred Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Hiv Services ◽  
Sex With Men

BackgroundRisks for condomless sex among transgender women and cisgender men who have sex with men (trans-WSM and cis-MSM, respectively) in the Philippines, where HIV recently became a national public health crisis, are shaped and exacerbated by various risk factors across multiple levels.MethodsBetween June 2018 and August 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional online study with 318 trans-WSM and cis-MSM respondents from Manila and Cebu cities. Structural equational modelling procedures were performed to determine direct, indirect and overall effects between condom use and latent variables across multiple socioecological levels: personal (ie, condom self-efficacy), social (ie, social capital), environmental (ie, barriers to condom and HIV services) and structural (ie, structural violence, antidiscrimination policies).ResultsAdjusted for gender, age, location and income, our model showed that: (1) all latent variables at the structural and environmental levels were significantly positively associated with each other (all ps<0.05); (2) barriers to condom and HIV services were significantly negatively associated with social capital (p<0.001) as well as condom self-efficacy (p<0.001); and (3) there were significantly positive associations between social capital and condom self-efficacy (p<0.001), and between condom self-efficacy and condom use (p<0.001). Moreover, social capital and condom self-efficacy fully mediated and buffered the negative effects between environmental and structural barriers and condom use.ConclusionThis is the first known study pointing to multiple relationships and pathways across multiple socioecological levels that can potentially be leveraged for future interventions aimed at improving condom use among Filipinx trans-WSM and cis-MSM. Such interventions should be multicomponent and build and/or strengthen social capital and condom self-efficacy, as well as intentionally target prominent structural and environmental barriers to condom use.

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