PHOTOTHERAPY OF GINGIVITIS: PILOT CLINICAL STUDY

2011 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 437-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELINA A. GENINA ◽  
VLADIMIR A. TITORENKO ◽  
VALERY V. TUCHIN ◽  
GEORGY V. SIMONENKO ◽  
ALEXEY N. BASHKATOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Red Light ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mechanical Removal ◽  
Pilot Clinical Study ◽  
Photodynamic Reaction ◽  
Microbial Action

The goal of this work was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Red Light Emitted Toothbrush (R-LETB) emitting at wavelength of 663 nm with power density of 3.3 mW/cm2 in combination with 0.1%-methylene blue (MB) solution for the reduction of plaque and treatment of gingivitis. A microbiological in vitro study and a pilot clinical study were conducted. The microbiological study has shown total suppression of pathogenic flora after a 3-min exposure to the dye solution followed by a 20-sec treatment with the R-LETB. For the clinical study, 37 subjects of both sexes with gingivitis were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of two groups. Subjects in the first (treatment) group were instructed to rinse their mouth with MB solution provided for 1 min and then brush the teeth with the R-LETB and standardized toothpaste. The second (control) group used only the toothpaste and a regular toothbrush. Subjects in both groups followed their respective procedures 2 times a day (morning and evening) for 30 days. Indices of plaque, gingival bleeding, and inflammation were evaluated at 14-day and 30-day timepoints. In the both groups, all indices improved in comparison with baseline. However, the treatment group demonstrated more pronounced improvement of the studied indices that was attributed to additional anti-microbial action of red light and MB on gum tissue. Thus, the use of R-LETB with MB appears to have a multifactor therapeutic action on oral pathological microflora: mechanical removal of the bacteria and suppressing action on microorganisms due to photodynamic reaction.

scholarly journals Gendola Leaf Ethyl Acetate Fraction (Basella rubra Linn) Reduces Spermatozoa Motility and Viability in Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-233
Author(s):  
Lusia Hayati ◽  
Joko Marwoto ◽  
Septi Purnamasari ◽  
Yuni Fitriayanti
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phenol Compounds ◽  
Spermatozoa Motility ◽  
Motility Of Sperm

A B S T R A C TBackground. The use of plants as anti-fertility in men has been done to reduce sideeffects. The Gendola plant is one of the Basellaceae family plants, which is a naturalmedicinal plant in Indonesia. Gendola leaves contain phenol compounds, flavonoids,tannins, steroids and triterpenoids which can have cytotoxic activity. This studyaims to determine the in vitro anti sperm activity of the ethyl acetate fraction ofGendola leaves on male spermatozoa. Methods. This study is an experimentallaboratory in vitro study using male sperm preparations. The sample used was 20men for each group, both the group was given the gondola leaf fraction and thecontrol group. The treatment group was given ethyl acetate fraction of Gendola leaves(Basella rubra Linn.) With a concentration of 0.05% for 5, 10 and 15 minutes, theviability and motility of sperm were calculated. Data analysis was performed usingthe Mann Whitney test (p <0.05) using SPSS release for Windows software. Results.The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction affected the motility and viabilityof spermatozoa. When compared with the control group, the motility treatment groupobtained was classified as non-progressive. In the treatment group, the viability ofspermatozoa was significantly different at minute 5, minute 10 and minuted 15 (p<0.05). Conclusion. Ethyl acetate fraction has potential as an anti sperm inreducing sperm motility and viability.

Inhibitory Effects of the Anesthetics Propofol and Sevoflurane on Spontaneous Lymphatic Vessel Activity in Rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Ichi Hattori ◽  
Michiaki Yamakage ◽  
Sumihiko Seki ◽  
Kayoko Okazaki ◽  
Akiyoshi Namiki
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Lymphatic Vessel ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mechanical Removal

Background The effects of propofol and sevoflurane on lymphatic vessel activity are unknown. This study aimed to clarify the effects of these anesthetics on lymphatic vessel activity in rats by the use of a technique for mechanical removal of the endothelium. Methods The authors first examined the effects of propofol (8 mg/kg) and sevoflurane (2.0%) on in vivo lymphatic flow by injection of dye into the femoral regions of rats. In the in vitro study, the ends of the vessel segments of rat thoracic duct were connected to a syringe and stopcock, respectively. Spontaneous changes in diameter of each segment were monitored, and the extraluminal side of each segment was exposed to propofol (1 x 10(-6) approximately 3 x 10(-5) M) or sevoflurane (0.5 approximately 2.0%). Endothelial function was eliminated by perfusion of air into the lumen. Results In the dye uptake study, 80% of iliac lymphatic nodes were positively stained in a control group, whereas only 10% and 20% were positively stained in propofol and sevoflurane groups, respectively. In the in vitro study, both of the anesthetics significantly decreased the amplitude of spontaneous activity of lymphatic vessels with or without endothelial function. Sevoflurane inhibited the frequency of lymphatic vessel activity but propofol had no effect on it. When the endothelial function was eliminated, both anesthetics decreased the frequency of spontaneous activity of lymphatic vessels. Conclusions Propofol and sevoflurane seem to have some different effects on endothelial function, which regulates the pacemaking of spontaneous contraction of lymphatic vessels.

scholarly journals Gendola Leaf Ethyl Acetate Fraction (Basella rubra Linn) Reduces Spermatozoa Motility and Viability in Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-277
Author(s):  
Lusia Hayati ◽  
Joko Marwoto ◽  
Septi Purnamasari ◽  
Yuni Fitriayanti
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phenol Compounds ◽  
Spermatozoa Motility ◽  
Motility Of Sperm

A B S T R A C TBackground. The use of plants as anti-fertility in men has been done to reduce sideeffects. The Gendola plant is one of the Basellaceae family plants, which is a naturalmedicinal plant in Indonesia. Gendola leaves contain phenol compounds, flavonoids,tannins, steroids and triterpenoids which can have cytotoxic activity. This studyaims to determine the in vitro anti sperm activity of the ethyl acetate fraction ofGendola leaves on male spermatozoa. Methods. This study is an experimentallaboratory in vitro study using male sperm preparations. The sample used was 20men for each group, both the group was given the gondola leaf fraction and thecontrol group. The treatment group was given ethyl acetate fraction of Gendola leaves(Basella rubra Linn.) With a concentration of 0.05% for 5, 10 and 15 minutes, theviability and motility of sperm were calculated. Data analysis was performed usingthe Mann Whitney test (p <0.05) using SPSS release for Windows software. Results.The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction affected the motility and viabilityof spermatozoa. When compared with the control group, the motility treatment groupobtained was classified as non-progressive. In the treatment group, the viability ofspermatozoa was significantly different at minute 5, minute 10 and minuted 15 (p<0.05). Conclusion. Ethyl acetate fraction has potential as an anti sperm inreducing sperm motility and viability.

scholarly journals Evaluation of equine corneal endothelium after exposure to 0.5% indocyanine green - in vitro study

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
Vanessa Ruiz Moura da Silva ◽  
Maria Cristina Caldart de Andrade ◽  
Claudia Skilhan Faganello ◽  
Marcela Torikachvili ◽  
Andre Silva Carissimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alizarin Red

The purpose of the study was to investigate whether indocyanine green (ICG) dye damages the corneal endothelium of horses. Twenty-four corneas of 12 healthy equines, males or females, of different ages were used in this study. Only eyes with no ocular findings were used. Randomly, one eye was included in the treatment group and one in the control group. The eyes of the treatment group were exposed for 1 minute to dye ICG 0.5%. After that the endothelium of all eyes was stained with trypan blue and alizarin red S and analyzed and photographed under an optical microscope. Areas with damaged endothelial cells were manually measured and quantified using software for morphometric analysis and expressed as a percentage of cell damage. In all eyes examined areas of cell damage were observed in both corneas of the control group and the treatment group. The mean endothelial damage was 0.8 ± 0.37% in the treatment group and 0.97 ± 0.39% in the control. The Qui-square test stated that treatment and control group were not different. The ICG 0.5% did not cause acute damage to equine corneal endothelium.

Reverse torque values of abutment screws after dynamic loading: The effects of sealant agents and the taper of conical connections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arda Ozdiler ◽  
suleyman dayan ◽  
Burc Gencel ◽  
Gulbahar Isık-Ozkol
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Silicone Sealant ◽  
Reverse Torque ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gel

This in vitro study evaluated the influence of taper angles on the internal conical connections of implant systems and of the application of chlorhexidine gel as an antibacterial agent or a polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) sealant on the reverse torque values of abutment screws after dynamic loading. The current study tested four implant systems with different taper angles (5.4°, 12°, 45°, and 60°). Specimens were divided into three groups: control (neither chlorhexidine gel filled nor silicone sealed), 2% chlorhexidine gel-filled or silicone-sealed group, and group subjected to a dynamic load of 50 N at 1 Hz for 500,000 cycles prior to reverse torque measurements. Quantitative positive correlation was observed between the taper angle degree and the percentage of tightening torque loss. However, this correlation was significant only for the 60° connection groups except in the group in which a sealant was applied ( p = 0.013 for the control group, p = 0.007 for the chlorhexidine group). Percentages of decrease in the torque values of the specimens with silicone sealant application were significantly higher compared with both the control and chlorhexidine groups ( p = 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.001, and p = 0.002, respectively, according to the increasing taper angles); the percentage of decrease in torque values due to chlorhexidine application was statistically insignificant when compared with the control group. The application of gel-form chlorhexidine as an antibacterial agent does not significantly affect the stability of the implant–abutment connection under dynamic loads. PVS sealants may cause screw loosening under functional loads.

Comparative Study to Evaluate the Surface Detail Reproduction of Dental Stone after Immersion in Various Different Disinfectant Solutions, Under Stereomicroscope 10 X Magnification –An In-Vitro Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rathika Rai ◽  
M. A. Easwaran ◽  
K. T. Dhivya
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Surface Irregularities ◽  
Disinfectant Solution ◽  
Surface Detail ◽  
Group B

Aim: To evaluate the surface detail reproduction of dental stone this is immersed in different disinfectant solution and studied under stereomicroscope. Methodology: Total number of 30 specimens of dental stone (Type III) were made with measurements of 1.5cm diameter and 1cm height .This samples are divided in to 3 groups group A,B,C. were A is immersed in Distilled water which was taken as control group ;B is immersed in 2% Glutaraldehyde and C is immersed in 5%sodium hypochlorite. Each specimen were immersed in the disinfectant solution for 15 minutes and dried under room temperature for 24 hrs. After 24 hrs each specimens are studied under stereomicroscope for surface details. Result: The results showed no significant difference in the surface irregularities and porosities for a group 1 and group 2 except group 3 which showed significant increase in the porosities, surface irregularities and erosions after disinfection with 5% NaHOCl by immersion method. Conclusion: The surface detail reproduction capacity of die stone was adversely affected when 5% Sodium hypochlorite was used as disinfectant solution when compare d to control group and 2% Glutaraldehyde

scholarly journals Pomegranate Peel Extract Is a Potential Alternative Therapeutic for Giardiasis

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 705
Author(s):  
Asmaa M. El-Kady ◽  
Iman A. M. Abdel-Rahman ◽  
Samer S. Fouad ◽  
Khaled S. Allemailem ◽  
Taghrid Istivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pomegranate Peel ◽  
Pomegranate Peel Extract ◽  
Multiple Drugs ◽  
Peel Extract

Giardiasis is a major diarrheal disease affecting approximately 2.5 million children annually in developing countries. Several studies have reported the resistance of Giardia lamblia (G. lamblia) to multiple drugs. Therefore, identifying an effective drug for giardiasis is a necessity. This study examined the antiparasitic effect of Punica granatum (pomegranate) and evaluated its therapeutic efficacy in rats infected with G. lamblia. In vitro study showed high efficacy of pomegranate peel ethanolic extract in killing G. lamblia cysts as demonstrated by eosin vital staining. We showed that treating infected rats with pomegranate extract resulted in a marked reduction in the mean number of G. lamblia cysts and trophozoites in feces and intestine respectively. Interestingly, the number of G. lamblia trophozoites and cysts were significantly lower in the pomegranate extract-treated group compared to the metronidazole-positive control group. Moreover, pomegranate extract treatment significantly induced nitric oxide (NO) and reduced serum IL-6 and TNF-α, compared to infected untreated rats. Histological and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination of the jejunum and duodenum of pomegranate extract-treated animals confirmed the antiparasitic effect of the extract, and demonstrated the restoration of villi structure with reduction of villi atrophy, decreased infiltration of lymphocytes, and protection of intestinal cells from apoptotic cell death. In conclusion, our data show that the pomegranate peel extract is effective in controlling G. lamblia infections, which suggests that it could be a viable treatment option for giardiasis.

scholarly journals Potential of different fluoride gels to prevent erosive tooth wear caused by gastroesophageal reflux

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Körner ◽  
Luca Georgis ◽  
Daniel B. Wiedemeier ◽  
Thomas Attin ◽  
Florian J. Wegehaupt
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Erosive Tooth Wear ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Bovine Enamel

Abstract Background This in-vitro-study aimed to evaluate the potential of different fluoride gels to prevent gastroesophageal reflux induced erosive tooth wear. Methods Surface baseline profiles of a total of 50 bovine enamel specimens [randomly assigned to five groups (G1–5)] were recorded. All specimens were positioned in a custom made artificial oral cavity and perfused with artificial saliva (0.5 ml/min). Reflux was simulated 11 times a day during 12 h by adding HCl (pH 3.0) for 30 s (flow rate 2 ml/min). During the remaining 12 h (overnight), specimens were stored in artificial saliva and brushed twice a day (morning and evening) with a toothbrush and toothpaste slurry (15 brushing strokes). While specimens in the control group (G1) did not receive any further treatment, specimens in G2–5 were coated with different fluoride gels [Elmex Gelée (G2); Paro Amin Fluor Gelée (G3); Paro Fluor Gelée Natriumfluorid (G4); Sensodyne ProSchmelz Fluorid Gelée (G5)] in the evening for 30 s. After 20 days, surface profiles were recorded again and enamel loss was determined by comparing them with the baseline profiles. The results were statistically analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey`s HSD post-hoc test. Results The overall highest mean wear of enamel (9.88 ± 1.73 µm) was observed in the control group (G1), where no fluoride gel was applied. It was significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared to all other groups. G2 (5.03 ± 1.43 µm), G3 (5.47 ± 0.63 µm, p = 0.918) and G4 (5.14 ± 0.82 µm, p > 0.999) showed the overall best protection from hydrochloric acid induced erosion. Enamel wear in G5 (6.64 ± 0.86 µm) was significantly higher compared to G2 (p = 0.028) and G4 (p = 0.047). Conclusions After 20 days of daily application, all investigated fluoride gels are able to significantly reduce gastroesophageal reflux induced loss of enamel.

scholarly journals Time Efficiency of Digitally and Conventionally Produced Single-Unit Restorations

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Sofia Stromeyer ◽  
Daniel Wiedemeier ◽  
Albert Mehl ◽  
Andreas Ender
Keyword(s):  
Single Unit ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Scan Design ◽  
Time Efficiency ◽  
Dental Professional

The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the time efficiency of digital chairside and labside workflows with a conventional workflow for single-unit restorations. The time efficiency in this specific sense was defined as the time, which has to be spent in a dental office by a dental professional performing the relevant steps. A model with interchangeable teeth on position 36 was created. These teeth were differently prepared, responding to several clinical situations to perform single-unit restorations. Different manufacturing techniques were used: For the digital workflows, CEREC Omnicam (CER) and Trios 3 (TN/TI) were used. The conventional workflow, using a dual-arch tray impression technique, served as the control group. For the labside workflow (_L) and the conventional impression procedure (CO), the time necessary for the impressions and temporary restorations was recorded and served as operating time. The chairside workflow time was divided by the time for the entire workflow (_C) including scan, design, milling and finishing the milled restoration, and in the actual working time (_CW) leaving out the chairside milling of the restoration. Labside workflow time ranged from 9 min 27 s (CER_L) to 12 min 41 s (TI_L). Entire chairside time ranged from 43 min 35 s (CER_C) to 58 min 43 s (TI_C). Pure chairside working time ranged from 15 min 21 s (CER_CW) to 23 min 17 s (TI_CW). Conventional workflow time was 10 min 39 s (CO) on average. The digital labside workflow and the conventional workflow require a similar amount of time. The digital chairside workflow is more time consuming.

Mechanism of the adverse effect of hyaluronidase used for oocyte denudation on early development of bovine embryos

Zygote ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shiori Ashibe ◽  
Kanade Irisawa ◽  
Ken Yokawa ◽  
Yoshikazu Nagao
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Parthenogenetic Development ◽  
Early Embryos ◽  
Bovine Oocytes

Summary Hyaluronidase is widely used in animal and human assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) to remove cumulus cells around oocytes. However, adverse effects of hyaluronidase treatment, such as increased rates of degeneration and parthenogenesis, have been found after treatment of human and mouse oocytes. Currently, the mechanism(s) of the detrimental effects are unclear. The present study was initiated to identify the mechanism of adverse responses to hyaluronidase treatment in bovine oocytes and early embryos. Cumulus cells were removed from cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) with or without hyaluronidase and the oocytes were subjected to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF). Significantly lower rates of blastocyst formation were obtained in the hyaluronidase treatment group after ICSI (22.4%) and IVF (21.2%) compared with the non-hyaluronidase control groups: 36.1% after ICSI and 30.4% after IVF. Next, we examined the effect of hyaluronidase on parthenogenetic development rates and on the cytoplasmic levels of free calcium ions (Ca2+), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced glutathione (GSH). No differences in parthenogenesis rates were found between treated and untreated groups. Ca2+ levels in oocytes from the hyaluronidase treatment group indicated using mean fluorescence intensity were significantly higher (68.8 ± 5.3) compared with in the control group (45.0 ± 2.5). No differences were found in the levels of ROS or GSH between the treated and untreated groups. We conclude that hyaluronidase might trigger an increase in Ca2+ levels in oocytes, resulting in a decreased potential for normal embryonic development.

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