scholarly journals PROLISEAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Edy Hourany ◽  
Bachir Habib ◽  
Camille Fountaine ◽  
Abdallah Makhoul ◽  
Benoit Piranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Security Protocol ◽  
Distributed Architecture ◽  
Programmable Matter ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Lightweight Cryptography ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Encryption Algorithms ◽  
Hashing Function

The vision for programmable matter is to create a material that can be reprogrammed to have different shapes and to change its physical properties on demand. They are autonomous systems composed of a huge number of independent connected elements called particles. The connections to one another form the overall shape of the system. These particles are capable of interacting with each other and take decisions based on their environment. Beyond sensing, processing, and communication capabilities, programmable matter includes actuation and motion capabilities. It could be deployed in different domains and will constitute an intelligent component of the IoT. A lot of applications can derive from this technology, such as medical or industrial applications. However, just like any other technology, security is a huge concern. Given its distributed architecture and its processing limitations, programmable matter cannot handle the traditional security protocols and encryption algorithms. This article proposes a new security protocol optimized and dedicated for IoT programmable matter. This protocol is based on lightweight cryptography and uses the same encryption protocol as a hashing function while keeping the distributed architecture in mind. The analysis and simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed method and that a supercomputer will need about 5.93 × 10 25 years to decrypt the message.

Hand-Held Computing Devices for Industrial Applications: Some Case Studies

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingyu Jiang ◽  
Wei Cao ◽  
Qiqi Zhu ◽  
Yingbin Fu ◽  
Feng Jia
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Processing Data ◽  
Real Time Data ◽  
Cross Platform ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Collaborative Activities ◽  
Computing Models

This paper deals with an approach to the modes and methods of using hand-held computing devices in industry. The basic concepts and cross-platform computing models related to the hand-held computing devices are described firstly. Then three key and fundamental enabling technologies, including sampling real-time data, implementing interoperations with different database, and supporting collaborative activities, are presented in detail so as to use such mobile devices for potential industrial applications. Thirdly, five typical cases of using hand-held computing devices in design, manufacturing and logistic are studied in depth. Through analyzing and discussing the cases, four viewpoints are put forward: (1) using hand-held computing devices to supporting industrial activities is feasible; (2) hand-held computing devices play an important role in collecting, querying, scanning and simply processing data; (3) integrating hand-held computing devices with desktop computing devices together is needed if a huge number of data are involved in industrial applications; (4) hand-held computing devices will be used more widely and deeply in the future.

scholarly journals Impact of MRAI Timer on BGP Updates and Convergence Time

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Nilkanth Devikar ◽  
Dipak V. Patil ◽  
V Chandra Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Convergence Time ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Internet Applications ◽  
Slow Convergence ◽  
Large Scale Network ◽  
Interval Timer ◽  
Scale Network

<p>BGP is a vital routing protocol for the communication amongst autonomous systems in the internet and has been broadly applied in all categories of large scale network. The inter-domain routing protocol (BGP) shows slow convergence, which effects on many internet applications due to its high convergence delay. The network operators broadly use different MRAI timers in BGP routers to deal with the issue of growing convergence time of the network. The variation in MRAI timer and its impact on network convergence and update messages has been broadly studied over the years. The increasing size of autonomous systems leads to rise in number of MRAI timers. Hence, the optimum use of MRAI timers can decrease the problem of slow convergence and necessity of huge number of MRAI timers. The proposed system uses the ckle minimum route advertisement interval timer (FMRAI) for fast update of routing table, which leads to reduce the convergence time of a network. In comparison with static MRAI timer of 30s the FMRAI timer leads to better result in terms of convergence time and number of update messages.</p>

scholarly journals Industrial applications of digital twins

2021 ◽  
Vol 379 (2207) ◽  
pp. 20200360
Author(s):  
Yuchen Jiang ◽  
Shen Yin ◽  
Kuan Li ◽  
Hao Luo ◽  
Okyay Kaynak
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Product System ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
The Future ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

A digital twin (DT) is classically defined as the virtual replica of a real-world product, system, being, communities, even cities that are continuously updated with data from its physical counterpart, as well as its environment. It bridges the virtual cyberspace with the physical entities and, as such, is considered to be the pillar of Industry 4.0 and the innovation backbone of the future. A DT is created and used throughout the whole life cycle of the entity it replicates, from cradle to grave, so to speak. This article focuses on the present state of the art of DTs, concentrating on the use of DTs in industry in the context of smart manufacturing, especially from the point of view of plantwide optimization. The main capabilities of DTs (mirroring, shadowing and threading) are discussed in this context. The article concludes with a perspective on the future. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Towards symbiotic autonomous systems’.

scholarly journals CFD Analysis to explain the Operating range extension observed during Operation in Co-rotating Mode of a Twin-impeller Centrifugal Compressor

2021 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
Van-Thang Nguyen ◽  
Amelie Danlos ◽  
Florent Ravelet ◽  
Michael Deligant ◽  
Moises Solis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guide Vane ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Thermodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Rotating Stall ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Inlet Guide Vane ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Operating Range

Centrifugal compressors are widely used in many industrial applications because of their advantages. However, these turbomachines suffer at a low-flow rate from instabilities, such as rotating stall and surge. That leads to operational failure, pressure fluctuations and vibrations of the thorough system. Many mechanical solutions minimize these instabilities and expand the operating range towards low-flow rates like active control of the flow path, variable inlet guide vane and casing treatment. Currently, our team has developed a new compressor composed of a twin-impeller powered by autonomous systems. We notice the performance improvement and instabilities suppression of this compressor experimentally. In this paper, a CFD study is presented to explain some of these experimental observations by analyzing the inside of twin-impeller, the flow structures and thermodynamic characteristics at low flow rates operating in a co-rotating mode. Numerical results and experimental measurements of compressor maps are consistent.

scholarly journals Service Orchestration for Object Detection on Edge and Cloud in Dependable Industrial Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Pettinen ◽  
David Hästbacka
Keyword(s):  
Object Detection ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Service Discovery ◽  
Heterogeneous Computing ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Service Orchestration ◽  
Processing Data ◽  
Viable Solution

Industrial applications, including autonomous systems and vehicles, rely on processing data on multiple physical devices. The composition of functionality across heterogeneous computing infrastructure is challenging, and will likely get even more challenging in the future as software in vehicles is updated to introduce new features and ensure the safety. New soft real-time use cases emerge and in such cases the model of offloading processing from a limited or malfunctioning device is a viable solution. This study examines orchestration of services across edge and cloud for an industrial vehicle application use case involving image based object detection using machine learning (ML) based models. First, service orchestration requirements are defined taking into account the dependable nature of industrial vehicle applications. Second, an implementation based on Arrowhead framework is presented and evaluated. The open Arrowhead framework offers means for dynamic service discovery, authorization and late binding of computational units. The feasibility of object detection as a service and the suitability of Arrowhead framework to support such orchestrations across edge and cloud is assessed.

Evolution of a Novel Finger Mechanism for Robust Industrial End Effectors

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venketesh N. Dubey ◽  
Richard M. Crowder
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Application ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Stringent Requirement ◽  
End Effector ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
End Effectors ◽  
And Control

This paper presents design for a finger mechanism that has evolved from the stringent requirement of ruggedness and reliability in an industrial application. The paper initially describes the need for a special purpose end effector to operate in a constrained environment and then takes through the various stages of design modifications that were required to ensure safety and reliability. This resulted into a rigid link finger design, which is adaptive to different shapes and operated by a single actuator providing up to 3 degrees of freedom to the finger. A number of such finger mechanisms can be assembled together in different configurations to design special purpose end effectors. This paper covers two such designs and briefly discusses the grasping and control issues associated with the limited number of actuators built into the end effector, and evaluates their suitability in industrial environments. The design overcomes limitations of majority of existing tendon based end effectors requiring a large number of actuators to be controlled thus meeting the space and safety requirements for constrained industrial applications.

scholarly journals Titanium Carbide: Synthesis, Properties and Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mohsen Mhadhbi
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Titanium Carbide ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Carbide Powder ◽  
Synthesis Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Reinforcing Material ◽  
Short Time

Composite materials are known in various forms. The two distinctive constituents of these composite materials are the matrix material and the reinforcement material. A variety of materials are used as reinforcing material in composites titanium carbide (TiC). TiC acquired considerable attention because of its unique properties, which make it very attractive for advanced applications. The current review summarizes various synthesis techniques to produce TiC nanocomposite and highlights the major industrial applications of TiC. It was found that for certain techniques, the TiC powder has been synthesized directly, with different shapes and sizes, within a relatively very short time by eliminating a number of intermediate processes. However, this review deals with the detailed literature survey carried out on the preparation of titanium carbide powder, and also covers analyzes the results from the experiments conducted on the preparation of powder by the works of several researchers. Therefore, in-depth conclusions have been done on the research processes that are being carried out on improving the properties of TiC reinforced composites.

scholarly journals Digital twins as run-time predictive models for the resilience of cyber-physical systems: a conceptual framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 379 (2207) ◽  
pp. 20200369
Author(s):  
Francesco Flammini
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Self Adaptation ◽  
Run Time ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

Digital twins (DT) are emerging as an extremely promising paradigm for run-time modelling and performability prediction of cyber-physical systems (CPS) in various domains. Although several different definitions and industrial applications of DT exist, ranging from purely visual three-dimensional models to predictive maintenance tools, in this paper, we focus on data-driven evaluation and prediction of critical dependability attributes such as safety. To that end, we introduce a conceptual framework based on autonomic systems to host DT run-time models based on a structured and systematic approach. We argue that the convergence between DT and self-adaptation is the key to building smarter, resilient and trustworthy CPS that can self-monitor, self-diagnose and—ultimately—self-heal. The conceptual framework eases dependability assessment, which is essential for the certification of autonomous CPS operating with artificial intelligence and machine learning in critical applications. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Towards symbiotic autonomous systems’.

Swarm robotics: Robustness, scalability, and self-X features in industrial applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
Mary Katherine Heinrich ◽  
Mohammad Divband Soorati ◽  
Tanja Katharina Kaiser ◽  
Mostafa Wahby ◽  
Heiko Hamann
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Swarm Robotics ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Robot Swarm ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Broad Audience

Abstract Applying principles of swarm intelligence to the control of autonomous systems in industry can advance our ability to manage complexity in prominent and high-cost sectors—such as transportation, logistics, and construction. In swarm robotics, the exclusive use of decentralized control relying on local communication and information provides the key advantage first of scalability, and second of robustness against failure points. These are directly useful in certain applied tasks that can be studied in laboratory environments, such as self-assembly and self-organized construction. In this article, we give a brief introduction to swarm robotics for a broad audience, with the intention of targeting future industrial applications. We then present a summary of four examples of our recently published research results with simple models. First, we present our approach to self-reconfiguration, which uses collective adjustment of swarm density in a dynamic setting. Second, we describe our robot experiments for self-organized material deployment in structured and semi-structured environments, applicable to braided composites. Third, we present our machine learning approach for self-assembly, motivated as a simple model developing foundational methods, which generates self-organizing robot behaviors to form emergent patterns. Fourth, we describe our experiments implementing a bioinspired model in a robot swarm, where we show self-healing of damage as the robots collectively locate a resource. Overall, the four examples we present concern robustness, scalability, and self-X features, which we propose as potentially relevant to future research in swarm robotics applied to industry sectors. We summarize these approaches as an introduction to our recent research, targeting the broad audience of this journal.

The Application of Ultra-Thin Sectioning Techniques to Non-Biological Samples

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 332-333
Author(s):  
C. F. Oster
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Photographic Film ◽  
Silver Particles ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Embedding Medium

Although ultra-thin sectioning techniques are widely used in the biological sciences, their applications are somewhat less popular but very useful in industrial applications. This presentation will review several specific applications where ultra-thin sectioning techniques have proven invaluable.The preparation of samples for sectioning usually involves embedding in an epoxy resin. Araldite 6005 Resin and Hardener are mixed so that the hardness of the embedding medium matches that of the sample to reduce any distortion of the sample during the sectioning process. No dehydration series are needed to prepare our usual samples for embedding, but some types require hardening and staining steps. The embedded samples are sectioned with either a prototype of a Porter-Blum Microtome or an LKB Ultrotome III. Both instruments are equipped with diamond knives.In the study of photographic film, the distribution of the developed silver particles through the layer is important to the image tone and/or scattering power. Also, the morphology of the developed silver is an important factor, and cross sections will show this structure.

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