scholarly journals Effect of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α on intestinal riboflavin uptake: inhibition mediated via transcriptional mechanism(s)

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (5) ◽  
pp. C653-C663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasin Yadunandam Anandam ◽  
Omar A. Alwan ◽  
Veedamali S. Subramanian ◽  
Padmanabhan Srinivasan ◽  
Rubina Kapadia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Uptake Inhibition ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Factor Α

Riboflavin (RF), is essential for normal cellular metabolism/function. Intestinal RF absorption occurs via a specific carrier-mediated process that involves the apical transporter RFVT-3 ( SLC52A3) and the basolateral RFVT-1 (SLC52A1). Previously, we characterized different cellular/molecular aspects of the intestinal RF uptake process, but nothing is known about the effect of proinflammatory cytokines on the uptake event. We addressed this issue using in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models. First, we determined the level of mRNA expression of the human (h)RFVT-3 and hRFVT-1 in intestinal tissue of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and observed a markedly lower level compared with controls. In the in vitro model, exposing Caco-2 cells to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) led to a significant inhibition in RF uptake, an effect that was abrogated upon knocking down TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1). The inhibition in RF uptake was associated with a significant reduction in the expression of hRFVT-3 and -1 protein and mRNA levels, as well as in the activity of the SLC52A3 and SLC52A1 promoters. The latter effects appear to involve Sp1 and NF-κB sites in these promoters. Similarly, exposure of mouse small intestinal enteroids and wild-type mice to TNF-α led to a significant inhibition in physiological and molecular parameters of intestinal RF uptake. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that exposure of intestinal epithelial cells to TNF-α leads to inhibition in RF uptake and that this effect is mediated, at least in part, via transcriptional mechanism(s). These findings may explain the significantly low RF levels observed in patients with IBD.

scholarly journals Ceritinib Enhances the Efficacy of Substrate Chemotherapeutic Agent in Human ABCB1-Overexpressing Leukemia Cells In Vitro, In Vivo and Ex-Vivo

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 2487-2499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yang ◽  
Manjun Li ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Chen Zhen ◽  
Min Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemotherapeutic Agent ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Leukemia Cell ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Intracellular Accumulation ◽  
In Vivo Models

Background/Aims: Multidrug resistance (MDR) triggered by ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters, such as ABCB1, ABCC1, and ABCG2, is a key obstacle for successful cancer chemotherapy. There is currently no FDA-approved MDR modulator that can be used in clinic. Ceritinib, a selective ALK inhibitor, has been approved as the second-line treatment for ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer. Here, we examined the role of ceritinib in leukemia associated MDR in therapy. Methods: The cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay. The flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of cell surface protein and to detect the accumulation and efflux of rhodamine 123 (Rh123) or doxorubicin (Dox) in cells. The RT-PCR and Western blot were performed to detect the gene expression and protein expression levels, respectively. Results: We found that ceritinib enhanced the efficacy of substrate chemotherapeutic agent in ABCB1-overexpressing K562/adr leukemia cells both in vitro and in vivo models, but neither in sensitive parental K562 leukemia cells nor in ABCC1-overexpressing HL-60/adr leukemia cells. Mechanistically, ceritinib significantly increased the intracellular accumulation of Rh123 or Dox but did neither alter ABCB1 expressions at both protein and mRNA levels nor block the phosphorylations of AKT and ERK1/2 at the concentration of MDR reversal. Importantly, ceritinib also increased the intracellular accumulation of Dox and enhanced the efficacy of Dox in primary leukemia cells in ex-vivo. Conclusion: Our results suggested that ceritinib enhanced the efficacy of substrate chemotherapeutic agent on inhibition of leukemia cell growth in vitro, in vivo and ex-vivo, which linked to block ABCB1 function, pumping out its substrate conventional chemotherapeutic agent, thereby increasing the intracellular accumulation. These suggest the combination of ceritinib and substrate chemotherapeutic drugs maybe an effective treatment of resistant leukemia patients with ABCB1-mediated MDR.

Epinephrine inhibits endotoxin-induced IL-1β production: roles of tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-10

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (6) ◽  
pp. R1885-R1890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Van Der Poll ◽  
Stephen F. Lowry
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Dose Dependent Decrease ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Epinephrine has been found to inhibit the production of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and to enhance the production of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10. To determine the effect of epinephrine on IL-1β production, the following experiments were performed: 1) blood obtained from subjects at 4–21 h after the start of a continuous infusion of epinephrine (30 ng ⋅ kg−1⋅ min−1) produced less IL-1β after ex vivo stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), compared with blood drawn from subjects infused with saline; 2) in whole blood in vitro, epinephrine caused a dose-dependent decrease in LPS-induced IL-1β production, which was likely mediated via adrenergic receptors; and 3) inhibition of TNF and enhancement of IL-10 both contributed to epinephrine-induced inhibition of IL-1β production. Epinephrine, either endogenously produced or administered as a component of sepsis treatment, may attenuate excessive activity of proinflammatory cytokines early in the course of systemic infection.

scholarly journals Combining Immunocytokine and Ex Vivo Activated NK Cells as a Platform for Enhancing Graft-Versus-Tumor Effects Against GD2+ Murine Neuroblastoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Bates ◽  
Alexander L. Rakhmilevich ◽  
Monica M. Cho ◽  
Myriam N. Bouchlaka ◽  
Seema L. Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Allogeneic Hsct ◽  
Tnf Α

Management for high-risk neuroblastoma (NBL) has included autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and anti-GD2 immunotherapy, but survival remains around 50%. The aim of this study was to determine if allogeneic HSCT could serve as a platform for inducing a graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effect against NBL with combination immunocytokine and NK cells in a murine model. Lethally irradiated C57BL/6 (B6) x A/J recipients were transplanted with B6 bone marrow on Day +0. On day +10, allogeneic HSCT recipients were challenged with NXS2, a GD2+ NBL. On days +14-16, mice were treated with the anti-GD2 immunocytokine hu14.18-IL2. In select groups, hu14.18-IL2 was combined with infusions of B6 NK cells activated with IL-15/IL-15Rα and CD137L ex vivo. Allogeneic HSCT alone was insufficient to control NXS2 tumor growth, but the addition of hu14.18-IL2 controlled tumor growth and improved survival. Adoptive transfer of ex vivo CD137L/IL-15/IL-15Rα activated NK cells with or without hu14.18-IL2 exacerbated lethality. CD137L/IL-15/IL-15Rα activated NK cells showed enhanced cytotoxicity and produced high levels of TNF-α in vitro, but induced cytokine release syndrome (CRS) in vivo. Infusing Perforin-/- CD137L/IL-15/IL-15Rα activated NK cells had no impact on GVT, whereas TNF-α-/- CD137L/IL-15/IL-15Rα activated NK cells improved GVT by decreasing peripheral effector cell subsets while preserving tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Depletion of Ly49H+ NK cells also improved GVT. Using allogeneic HSCT for NBL is a viable platform for immunocytokines and ex vivo activated NK cell infusions, but must be balanced with induction of CRS. Regulation of TNFα or activating NK subsets may be needed to improve GVT effects.

scholarly journals L-Selectin–Dependent Leukocyte Adhesion to Microvascular But Not to Macrovascular Endothelial Cells of the Human Coronary System

Blood ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. 3228-3235 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zakrzewicz ◽  
M. Gräfe ◽  
D. Terbeek ◽  
M. Bongrazio ◽  
W. Auch-Schwelk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Flow Chamber ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Selectin Ligands ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Α

Abstract To characterize L-selectin–dependent cell adhesion to human vascular endothelium, human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMEC) and human coronary endothelial cells (HCEC) were isolated from explanted human hearts. The adhesion behavior of human (NALM-6) and mouse (300.19) pre-B cells transfected with cDNA encoding for human L-selectin was compared with that of the respective nontransfected cells in a flow chamber in vitro. More than 80% of the adhesion to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)–stimulated HCMEC at shear stresses <2 dyne/cm2 was L-selectin dependent and could be equally well blocked by an anti–L-selectin antibody or a L-selectin-IgG-chimera. No L-selectin dependent adhesion to HCEC could be shown. The L-selectin dependent adhesion to HCMEC was insensitive to neuraminidase, but greatly inhibited by addition of NaClO3 , which inhibits posttranslational sulfation and remained elevated for at least 24 hours of stimulation. E-selectin dependent adhesion of HL60 cells to HCMEC was blocked by neuraminidase, but not by NaClO3 and returned to control levels within 18 hours of HCMEC stimulation. It is concluded that microvascular, but not macrovascular endothelial cells express TNF-α–inducible sulfated ligand(s) for L-selectin, which differ from known L-selectin ligands, because sialylation is not required. The prolonged time course of L-selectin dependent adhesion suggests a role in sustained leukocyte recruitment into inflammatory sites in vivo.

TNF-α and myocardial depression in endotoxemic rats: temporal discordance of an obligatory relationship

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (2) ◽  
pp. R502-R508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianzhong Meng ◽  
Lihua Ao ◽  
Daniel R. Meldrum ◽  
Brian S. Cain ◽  
Brian D. Shames ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Relationship ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Myocardial Depression ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Myocardial Contractile ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Relationship Of

Exogenous tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induces delayed myocardial depression in vivo but promotes rapid myocardial depression in vitro. The temporal relationship between endogenous TNF-α and endotoxemic myocardial depression is unclear, and the role of TNF-α in this myocardial disorder remains controversial. Using a rat model of endotoxemia not complicated by shock, we sought to determine 1) the temporal relationship of changes in circulating and myocardial TNF-α with myocardial depression, 2) the influences of protein synthesis inhibition or immunosuppression on TNF-α production and myocardial depression, and 3) the influence of neutralization of TNF-α on myocardial depression. Rats were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.5 mg/kg ip). Circulating and myocardial TNF-α increased at 1 and 2 h, whereas myocardial contractility was depressed at 4 and 6 h. Pretreatment with cycloheximide or dexamethasone abolished the increase in circulating and myocardial TNF-α and preserved myocardial contractile function. Similarly, treatment with TNF binding protein immediately after LPS prevented myocardial depression. We conclude that endogenous TNF-α mediates delayed myocardial depression in endotoxemic rats and that inhibition of TNF-α production or neutralization of TNF-α preserves myocardial contractile function in endotoxemia.

Nonstressed rat model of acute endotoxemia that unmasks the endotoxin-induced TNF-α response

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (2) ◽  
pp. H671-H678 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. A. Beno ◽  
Robert E. Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Endotoxic Shock ◽  
Stress Hormones ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Baseline Concentrations ◽  
Experimental Protocols ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Previous investigators have demonstrated that the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) response to endotoxin is inhibited by exogenous corticosterone or catecholamines both in vitro and in vivo, whereas others have reported that surgical and nonsurgical stress increase the endogenous concentrations of these stress-induced hormones. We hypothesized that elevated endogenous stress hormones resultant from experimental protocols attenuated the endotoxin-induced TNF-α response. We used a chronically catheterized rat model to demonstrate that the endotoxin-induced TNF-α response is 10- to 50-fold greater in nonstressed (NS) rats compared with either surgical-stressed (SS, laparotomy) or nonsurgical-stressed (NSS, tail vein injection) models. Compared with the NS group, the SS and NSS groups demonstrated significantly lower mean peak TNF-α responses at 2 mg/kg and 6 μg/kg endotoxin [NS 111.8 ± 6.5 ng/ml and 64.3 ± 5.9 ng/ml, respectively, vs. SS 3.9 ± 1.1 ng/ml ( P < 0.01) and 1.3 ± 0.5 ng/ml ( P < 0.01) or NSS 5.2 ± 3.2 ng/ml ( P < 0.01) at 6 μg/kg]. Similarly, baseline concentrations of corticosterone and catecholamines were significantly lower in the NSS group [84.5 ± 16.5 ng/ml and 199.8 ± 26.2 pg/ml, respectively, vs. SS group 257.2 ± 35.7 ng/ml ( P< 0.01) and 467.5 ± 52.2 pg/ml ( P < 0.01) or NS group 168.6 ± 14.4 ng/ml ( P < 0.01) and 1,109.9 ± 140.7 pg/ml ( P < 0.01)]. These findings suggest that the surgical and nonsurgical stress inherent in experimental protocols increases baseline stress hormones, masking the endotoxin-induced TNF-α response. Subsequent studies of endotoxic shock should control for the effects of protocol-induced stress and should measure and report baseline concentrations of corticosterone and catecholamines.

scholarly journals Evaluation In Vivo and In Vitro of the Antioxidant, Antinociceptive, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Biflavonoids From Ouratea hexasperma and O. ferruginea

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1985680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poliana de Araujo Oliveira ◽  
Queli Cristina Fidelis ◽  
Thayane Ferreira da Costa Fernandes ◽  
Milene Conceição de Souza ◽  
Dayane Magalhães Coutinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type I Collagen ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Type I ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Ouratea species are used for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases such as rheumatism and arthritic disorders. The Ouratea genus is a rich source of flavonoids and bioflavonoids and for this reason we evaluated the effects of the biflavonoid fractions from the leaves of O. hexasperma (OHME) and O. ferruginea (OFME) in the in vivo model of complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis and in the in vitro model of oxidative stress and cellular viability. The CFA-induced arthritis model in rats was followed by paw volume, articular incapacitation and Randall-selitto models, as well as quantification of cytokines and serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen levels. OHME and OFME demonstrated antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as improvement in articular incapacity and reduction in levels of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor α, and type 1 collagen, and increased cell viability. No adverse effects were observed. The results suggest that OHME and OFME can reduce inflammation and bone resorption besides their antioxidant action.

scholarly journals Glucosamine Enhancement of BDNF Expression and Animal Cognitive Function

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3667
Author(s):  
Lien-Yu Chou ◽  
Yu-Ming Chao ◽  
Yen-Chun Peng ◽  
Hui-Ching Lin ◽  
Yuh-Lin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
Creb Phosphorylation ◽  
Downstream Signaling ◽  
Vitro Model

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important factor for memory consolidation and cognitive function. Protein kinase A (PKA) signaling interacts significantly with BDNF-provoked downstream signaling. Glucosamine (GLN), a common dietary supplement, has been demonstrated to perform a variety of beneficial physiological functions. In the current study, an in vivo model of 7-week-old C57BL/6 mice receiving daily intraperitoneal injection of GLN (0, 3, 10 and 30 mg/animal) was subjected to the novel object recognition test in order to determine cognitive performance. GLN significantly increased cognitive function. In the hippocampus GLN elevated tissue cAMP concentrations and CREB phosphorylation, and upregulated the expression of BDNF, CREB5 and the BDNF receptor TrkB, but it reduced PDE4B expression. With the in vitro model in the HT22 hippocampal cell line, GLN exposure significantly increased protein and mRNA levels of BDNF and CREB5 and induced cAMP responsive element (CRE) reporter activity; the GLN-mediated BDNF expression and CRE reporter induction were suppressed by PKA inhibitor H89. Our current findings suggest that GLN can exert a cognition-enhancing function and this may act at least in part by upregulating the BDNF levels via a cAMP/PKA/CREB-dependent pathway.

scholarly journals Nerolidol Mitigates Colonic Inflammation: An Experimental Study Using both In Vivo and In Vitro Models

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2032
Author(s):  
Vishnu Raj ◽  
Balaji Venkataraman ◽  
Saeeda Almarzooqi ◽  
Sanjana Chandran ◽  
Shreesh K. Ojha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Colonic Inflammation ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Ht 29

Nerolidol (NED) is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene alcohol present in various plants with potent anti-inflammatory effects. In the current study, we investigated NED as a putative anti-inflammatory compound in an experimental model of colonic inflammation. C57BL/6J male black mice (C57BL/6J) were administered 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in drinking water for 7 days to induce colitis. Six groups received either vehicle alone or DSS alone or DSS with oral NED (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg body weight/day by oral gavage) or DSS with sulfasalazine. Disease activity index (DAI), colonic histology, and biochemical parameters were measured. TNF-α-treated HT-29 cells were used as in vitro model of colonic inflammation to study NED (25 µM and 50 µM). NED significantly decreased the DAI and reduced the inflammation-associated changes in colon length as well as macroscopic and microscopic architecture of the colon. Changes in tissue Myeloperoxidase (MPO) concentrations, neutrophil and macrophage mRNA expression (CXCL2 and CCL2), and proinflammatory cytokine content (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) both at the protein and mRNA level were significantly reduced by NED. The increase in content of the proinflammatory enzymes, COX-2 and iNOS induced by DSS were also significantly inhibited by NED along with tissue nitrate levels. NED promoted Nrf2 nuclear translocation dose dependently. NED significantly increased antioxidant enzymes activity (Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT)), Hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1), and SOD3 mRNA levels. NED treatment in TNF-α-challenged HT-29 cells significantly decreased proinflammatory chemokines (CXCL1, IL-8, CCL2) and COX-2 mRNA levels. NED supplementation attenuates colon inflammation through its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity both in in vivo and in vitro models of colonic inflammation.

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