scholarly journals Thyroid status, but not insulin status, affects expression of avian uncoupling protein mRNA in chicken

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (4) ◽  
pp. E771-E777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Collin ◽  
Mohammed Taouis ◽  
Johan Buyse ◽  
Ndey B. Ifuta ◽  
Veerle M. Darras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Group A ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Uncoupling Protein Mrna

The aim of this study was to investigate the hormonal regulation of the avian homolog of mammalian uncoupling protein (avUCP) by studying the impact of thyroid hormones and insulin on avUCP mRNA expression in chickens ( Gallus gallus). For 3 wk, chicks received either a standard diet (control group), or a standard diet supplemented with triiodothyronine (T3; T3 group) or with the thyroid gland inhibitor methimazole (MMI group). A fourth group received injections of the deiodinase inhibitor iopanoic acid (IOP group). During the 4th wk of age, all animals received two daily injections of either human insulin or saline solution. The results indicate a twofold overexpression of avUCP mRNA in gastrocnemius muscle of T3 birds and a clear downregulation (−74%) in MMI chickens compared with control chickens. Insulin injections had no significant effect on avUCP mRNA expression in chickens. This study describes for the first time induction of avUCP mRNA expression by the thermogenic hormone T3in chickens and supports a possible involvement of avUCP in avian thermogenesis.

Influence of DAFS-25+polizon composition on blood and functional state of liver of steers at fattening

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Inna R. Kilmetova ◽  
◽  
Igor A. Rodin ◽  
Nazira I. Khayrullina ◽  
Nikolay G. Fenchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Stimulation Of

Summary. The disbalanced feeding and the uneven distribution of micro- and macroelements in the environment leads to a trace element, in particular hypomelanosis. To accelerate the growth and preservation of young farm animals include in the diet of various biological additives and drugs, which include selenium. For stimulation of weight gain in the livestock industry, as well as for the prevention and treatment of pathological processes in addition to micro - and macrouse amino acids, primarily methionine. The aim of this work was to study the influence of composition of DAFS-25+Polizon on morpho-biochemical parameters of blood and functional state of the liver in fattening bulls of black-motley breed in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Experiments using were conducted on bull-calves of black-motley breed of the properties in the properties age from 6 to 15 months. The first experimental group during the experiment was additionally given the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg, the animals of the control group received a standard diet. To assess the impact of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon on metabolism cattle studied morphological and biochemical indicators of blood and conducted histological examination of the liver. It is established that the use of the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg increases the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the experimental group and reduces the amount of white blood cells. The serum content of total protein, phosphorus and calcium increases in the group of experimental animals. Microscopic examination of the liver revealed no changes in the structure of the organ and hepatocytes in the experimental group, whereas in the control group hemodynamic disorders and dystrophic changes in liver cells were observed. Thus, the use of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg of live weight in fattening bulls black-and-white breed contributes to the increase of redox processes in the body, stimulation of metabolism, prevent the development of liver disorders of cellular mechanisms of metabolism, optimizes the structure of the liver, which generally provides higher productivity.

Individual and Combined Assessment of Ser680Asn FSH Receptor and FSHβ -211 G>T Gene Polymorphisms in Ovarian Response in IVF/ICSI Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elli Anagnostou ◽  
Alexia Kafkoutsou ◽  
Despina Mavrogianni ◽  
Ekaterini Domali ◽  
Evangelia Dimitroulia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Greek Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Β Subunit ◽  
Molecular Genetic Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Background: Molecular biology tools, such as the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), have been considered to assist to the management of the ovarian stimulation protocols. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of two polymorphisms, the Asn680Ser polymorphism of the FSHR gene, and the FSH β subunit (FSHβ) gene polymorphism -211 G>T, in a Greek population of women undergoing IVF/ICSI program in our center. In addition, a control group of fertile women was studied, to verify whether there are differences in the genotype distribution between fertile and infertile population for both polymorphisms, as the FSHβ gene polymorphism -211 G>T is studied for the first time in the Greek population. Results : The FSH β-211 G>T polymorphism, studied for the first time in the Greek infertile population, appears to be quite rare. When studying the two polymorphisms separately, statistically significant differences were obtained that concerned the LH levels. Discussion: According to the combination analysis of the two polymorphisms by the number of alleles, women with 2-3 polymorphic alleles needed more days of stimulation, but there were no differences in pregnancy rates. Conclusion: This molecular genetic study helps to elucidate whether the polygenic combination of the Asn680Ser and FSH β subunit -211 G>T gene polymorphisms is of additive value in the prediction of ovarian response to exogenous gonadotropins.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Physiotherapeutic Program on Selected Static and Dynamic Foot Indicators and the Balance of Elderly Women Depending on the Ground Stability

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4660
Author(s):  
Joanna Matla ◽  
Katarzyna Filar-Mierzwa ◽  
Anna Ścisłowska-Czarnecka ◽  
Agnieszka Jankowicz-Szymańska ◽  
Aneta Bac
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Balance Assessment ◽  
Motor Functions ◽  
Static Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

Seniors are a constantly growing group of people in many societies. It is necessary to develop physiotherapeutic programs to improve their mobility. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the physiotherapeutic program conducted unstable ground on selected indicators of motor functions of elderly women. Sixty women (60–80 years) participated in the research. Group A (N = 20) underwent a 12-week physiotherapeutic program on stable ground, group B (N = 20) followed an exercise program on unstable ground, and group C (N = 20) (control group) had no therapeutic intervention. The effects of the therapy were assessed by using a FreeMed platform (foot load analysis) and a Biosway balance system. The results were compared using ANOVA (the one-way analysis), the Kruskal–Wallis test and also the post hoc tests (Tukey’s test and the multiple comparison test). In group A, a statistically significant change was observed in the static test and balance assessment, in group B this was observed in the static and dynamic foot tests and balance assessment, in group C, no statistical significance was achieved. The authors’ physiotherapeutic program had a statistically significant effect on changes in the balance and selected indicators of the motor functions of the examined people. Comparing the results before and after the therapy more improvement changes were noted in women training on an unstable ground compared to women training on a stable ground.

scholarly journals Increased Growth Differentiation Factor 15 in Patients with Hypoleptinemia-Associated Lipodystrophy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 7214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Kralisch ◽  
Annett Hoffmann ◽  
Juliane Estrada-Kunz ◽  
Michael Stumvoll ◽  
Mathias Fasshauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 ◽  
Differentiation Factor ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
The Impact

Objective. Similar to obesity, lipodystrophy (LD) causes adipose tissue dysfunction and severe metabolic complications. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) belongs to the transforming growth factor β superfamily and is dysregulated in metabolic disease including obesity and diabetes mellitus. Circulating levels in LD and the impact of leptin treatment have not been investigated so far. Material and Methods. GDF15 serum levels were quantified in 60 LD patients without human immunodeficiency virus infection and 60 controls matched for age, gender, and body mass index. The impact of metreleptin treatment on circulating GDF15 was assessed in a subgroup of patients. GDF15 mRNA expression was determined in metabolic tissues of leptin-deficient lipodystrophic aP2-nSREBP1c-Tg mice, obese ob/ob mice, and control C57Bl6 mice. Results. Median GDF15 serum concentrations were significantly higher in LD patients (819 ng/L) as compared to the control group (415 ng/L) (p < 0.001). In multiple linear regression analysis, an independent and positive association remained between GDF15 on one hand and age, patient group, hemoglobin A1c, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein on the other hand. Moreover, there was an independent negative association between GFD15 and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Circulating GDF15 was not significantly affected by metreleptin treatment in LD patients. Gdf15 was upregulated in leptin-deficient lipodystrophic mice as compared to controls. Moreover, Gdf15 mRNA expression was downregulated by leptin treatment in lipodystrophic and obese animals. Conclusions. Serum concentrations of GDF15 are elevated in LD patients and independently associated with markers of metabolic dysfunction. Gdf15 expression is higher in lipodystrophic mice and downregulated by leptin treatment.

Western diet in the perinatal period promotes dysautonomia in the offspring of adult rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Vidal-Santos ◽  
F. N. Macedo ◽  
M. N. S. Santana ◽  
V. U. De Melo ◽  
J. L. de Brito Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Systolic Arterial Pressure ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Impact

The present study investigated the impact of a western diet during gestation and lactation on the anthropometry, serum biochemical, blood pressure and cardiovascular autonomic control on the offspring. Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups according to their mother’s diet received: control group (C: 18% calories of lipids) and westernized group (W: 32% calories of lipids). After weaning both groups received standard diet. On the 60th day of life, blood samples were collected for the analysis of fasting glucose and lipidogram. Cardiovascular parameters were measured on the same period. Autonomic nervous system modulation was evaluated by spectrum analysis of heart rate (HR) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP). The W increased glycemia (123±2v. 155±2 mg/dl), low-density lipoprotein (15±1v. 31±2 mg/dl), triglycerides (49±1v. 85±2 mg/dl), total cholesterol (75±2v. 86±2 mg/dl), and decreased high-density lipoprotein (50±4v. 38±3 mg/dl), as well as increased body mass (209±4v. 229±6 g) than C. Furthermore, the W showed higher SAP (130±4v. 157±2 mmHg), HR (357±10v. 428±14 bpm), sympathetic modulation to vessels (2.3±0.56v. 6±0.84 mmHg2) and LF/HF ratio (0.15±0.01v. 0.7±0.2) than C. These findings suggest that a western diet during pregnancy and lactation leads to overweight associated with autonomic misbalance and hypertension in adulthood.

The Impact of an Educational Program on Improving Diabetes Knowledge and Changing Behaviors of Nurses in Long-Term Care Facilities

1995 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Turner Parker ◽  
Nancy Leggett-Frazier ◽  
Pauline A. Vincent ◽  
Melvin S. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Diabetes Care ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Impact

Nursing staffs from two long-term care facilities attended a multisession educational program about the care of residents with diabetes (treatment group). A control group consisted of the nursing staffs from two other similar facilities who did not participate in the educational program. Both groups were given a knowledge pretest and posttest. A chart review also was conducted following the educational intervention to determine any changes in the diabetes care provided by the treatment group. Following the educational program, the treatment group had a significant increase in their mean score on the knowledge test compared with the control group. However, a. review of the residents' charts revealed no significant increases in specific behaviors related to diabetes care. The findings suggest that, in addition to educational programs, more focused training concerning diabetes care is needed to improve the care of residents with diabetes in long-term care facilities. Implications for diabetes educators are discussed.

scholarly journals Cervical Cytology and Human Papillomavirus Testing in Adolescent Women: Implications in Management of a Positive HPV Test

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilin Rosa ◽  
Amir Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Squamous Cells ◽  
Adolescent Women ◽  
Hpv Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Current Guidelines

Objectives. Consensus guidelines establish that HPV testing should not be used to manage adolescents with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US). This study aimed to estimate the impact on follow-up of HPV testing after the first-time ASC-US diagnosis. Methods. From January 2009 to December 2010, all ASC-US diagnoses in adolescents were retrieved. Results. 1950 cervical cytologies were received from this population and 335 cases (17.1%) were reported as ASC-US. A total of 287 cases were included in the study. Cases were divided into control group (no HPV test; 46 cases) and case group (HPV test performed; 241 cases). On follow-up, in the control group, 43.4% patients had cytology, and 56.6% patients had no follow-up. The case group was divided into negative HPV (60 cases) and positive HPV (181 cases). In the negative-HPV group, 41.7% had cytology and 58.3% had no follow-up. In the positive-HPV group, 41% had cytology, 22% underwent colposcopy, and 37% had no follow-up. Patients with positive-HPV results were more likely to have follow-up than patients in the control and negative-HPV groups (63% versus 43.4% versus 41.7%, resp.). Conclusions. HPV infections are common in adolescents. A positive HPV test cannot predict which women will develop carcinoma. Adherence to current guidelines is recommended in this population.

scholarly journals REFLEXIVE TECHNIQUES AS A WAY TO CHANGE THE EDUCATIONAL MOTIVATION OF MEDICAL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-131
Author(s):  
I.G. Zhukovskaya ◽  
I.N. Leonov ◽  
T.F. Vostroknutova
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Regulation ◽  
Educational Motivation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Medical University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

The paper presents the results of a study of reflexive techniques impact on the educational motivation of medical university students. In the context of the implementation of the humanistic paradigm in pedagogy, the role of motivation in educational activity regulation is analyzed. Reflexion is considered by the subjects of pedagogical process as a factor of facilitation of "objectification" of needs in the context of educational activity and construction of its subjective sense. It was found that for ISMA students professional motives are dominant in educational motivation and avoidance motives are the least declared. As a result of a quasi-experiment with two non-randomized groups, the impact of reflexive techniques on educational motivation was assessed. The techniques made it possible to keep the structure of educational motivation unchanged in the experimental group, while in the control group a decrease in professional motives and an increase in communicative motives were found.

scholarly journals Ultrasonographic evaluation of the effects of the administration of neostigmine and metoclopramide on duodenal, cecal, and colonic contractility in Arabian horses: A comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2447-2451
Author(s):  
Noha Abdallah Beder ◽  
Ahmed Atef Mourad ◽  
Mahmoud Allam Aly
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Excessive Sweating ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Administration Routes ◽  
Operative Care ◽  
Arabian Horse ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Impact

Background and Aim: As means for enhancing gastrointestinal (GI) motility, prokinetics have previously been evaluated in different breeds of horses with varying success. No previous studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of prokinetics on the intestinal tract of Arabian horses breed. Using B-mode ultrasound in the quantification of intestinal contractility, this study aimed to compare the impact of neostigmine and metoclopramide on the intestinal motility of healthy Arabian horses. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one clinically healthy Arabian horses were equally distributed into three groups. The control group was administered with 5 mL normal saline intramuscularly (IM). The second group was administered with neostigmine (0.044 mg/kg body weight [BW], IM), and the third group was administered with metoclopramide (0.25 mg/kg BW, IM). Duodenal, cecal, and colonic contractions were counted through ultrasonography for 3 min (pre-administration and 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min post-administration). Results: In the neostigmine group, a significant (p<0.05) increase in duodenal, cecal, and colonic contractions was observed 15 min post-administration compared with that in the control group (15±1.0, 11.33±1.53, and 12.33±2.31 vs. 11.0±2.0, 6.33±0.58, and 5.33±0.58 contractions per 3 min, respectively), continuing to 60 min post-administration for the duodenum and cecum and 120 min for colon and then returning to the normal; however, the metoclopramide group showed a significant (p<0.05) increase only in cecal and colonic contractions 60 min post-administration compared with the control group (11.0±1.0 and 12.33±0.58 vs. 6±1.0 and 5.67±0.58 contractions per 3 min, respectively), continuing until the end of the experiment. Excessive sweating, excitation, and straining were recorded following the administration of neostigmine, whereas no side effects were observed in the metoclopramide group. Conclusion: Neostigmine improves duodenal, cecal, and colonic contractions in healthy adult Arabian horses, whereas metoclopramide only improves cecal and colonic contractions. Metoclopramide appears to be safer and longer acting than neostigmine in the Arabian horse breed. Ultrasonography is a valuable noninvasive tool for the quantification of intestinal contractility. Future studies should consider the use of various dosages of metoclopramide and administration routes and investigate its impact on horses with GI transit disorders and inclusion in colic post-operative care.

scholarly journals Use of a Single Wearable Sensor to Evaluate the Effects of Gait and Pelvis Asymmetries on the Components of the Timed Up and Go Test, in Persons with Unilateral Lower Limb Amputation

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Maria Stella Valle ◽  
Antonino Casabona ◽  
Ilenia Sapienza ◽  
Luca Laudani ◽  
Alessandro Vagnini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Body ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Physical Mobility ◽  
Group A ◽  
First Time

The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test quantifies physical mobility by measuring the total performance time. In this study, we quantified the single TUG subcomponents and, for the first time, explored the effects of gait cycle and pelvis asymmetries on them. Transfemoral (TF) and transtibial (TT) amputees were compared with a control group. A single wearable inertial sensor, applied to the back, captured kinematic data from the body and pelvis during the 10-m walk test and the TUG test. From these data, two categories of symmetry indexes (SI) were computed: One SI captured the differences between the antero-posterior accelerations of the two sides during the gait cycle, while another set of SI quantified the symmetry over the three-dimensional pelvis motions. Moreover, the total time of the TUG test, the time of each subcomponent, and the velocity of the turning subcomponents were measured. Only the TF amputees showed significant reductions in each SI category when compared to the controls. During the TUG test, the TF group showed a longer duration and velocity reduction mainly over the turning subtasks. However, for all the amputees there were significant correlations between the level of asymmetries and the velocity during the turning tasks. Overall, gait cycle and pelvis asymmetries had a specific detrimental effect on the turning performance instead of on linear walking.

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