Immunoreactive ACTH and gamma-MSH in rat plasma during early stages of adrenal regeneration

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (4) ◽  
pp. E471-E474 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alfano ◽  
L. G. Dressler ◽  
A. C. Brownie
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Time Point

Recent evidence suggests that in addition to ACTH the pro-gamma-melanotropins play a role in controlling both the steroidogenic activity and growth of the adrenal cortex. By using the regenerating gland as a model for rapid adrenal growth, studies were carried out to monitor plasma ACTH and pro-gamma-melanotropins during the acute phase following adrenal enucleation. Adrenal enucleated rats (experimental group) were uninephroadrenalectomized; controls were uninephrectomized or uninephroadrenalectomized. At intervals up to 96 h after surgery, animals from each of the three groups were killed under quiescent conditions at the low and high points of their circadian rhythm. The plasma concentrations of both ACTH and 11 K gamma-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) in the adrenal enucleated rats were markedly elevated as compared with either control group at each time point monitored. However, there were no significant differences in plasma ACTH or 11 K gamma-MSH between the two control groups, and the levels of plasma 6 K gamma-MSH remained unchanged in all three groups throughout the experiment. These data are consistent with a role for pro-gamma-melanotropins in adrenal regeneration.

Effect of oestradiol-17β on perineal and neck skin glands in heifer calves

1987 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. Blazquez ◽  
S. E. Long ◽  
G. C. Perry ◽  
E. D. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Sebaceous Gland ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Gland Volume ◽  
Perineal Region ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT Ten 16-week-old Friesian × Hereford heifer calves were split into experimental and control groups. Experimental animals were given an implant of oestradiol-17β in the ear whilst controls were given blank implants. They were killed 14 days later. After implantation the experimental group had consistently greater (P<0·01) plasma concentrations of oestradiol-17β than the control group. After death, sebaceous gland volume in the perineal region was greater (P < 0·01) in the experimental than in the control group, whereas sebaceous gland volume in the neck was smaller (P <0·01). Sweat gland volume in the perineal region was greater (P<0·01) in the experimental than in the control group. There was no difference between groups in the volume of sweat glands in the neck. J. Endocr. (1987) 115, 43–46

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING ANIMAL CARTOON PICTURES ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanul Arifin Zul And Masitowarni Siregar
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Narrative Text ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Writing Achievement ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Written Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This thesis is focused on the investigation of the effect of applying animal cartoon pictures on students’ achievement in writing narrative text. This study aims to find whether applying animal cartoon pictures significantly affect the students’ writing achievement or not. The data in this study were obtained by administering a written test. The population was the 2015/2016 first year (grade XI) of SMA Swasta Nusantara Lubuk Pakam and 66 students were taken as the sample by using random sampling. The sample was divided into two groups, experimental and control groups. The experimental group was taught by applying animal cartoon pictures while the control group without animal cartoon pictures (x = lecturing). The data were taken the scores from the pre-test and post-test to both experimental and control groups. These data were analyzed by using t-test. The result of computing the t-test obviously showed that t-observed is higher than t-table (5.21 >1,67) with the degree of freedom 64 (df =N-2) at the level significance 0,05 one tail test. It showed that the application of animal cartoon pictures significantly affected the students of SMA Swasta Nusantara Lubuk Pakam achievement in writing narrative text.

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING DEMONSTRATION METHOD ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN SPEAKING SKILL AT THE THIRD GRADE OF SMK PAB 3 MEDAN ESTATE

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meryanti Napitupulu And Anni Holila Pulungan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Speaking Test ◽  
The Third ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study was conducted as an attempt to discover the effect of applying Demonstration Method on students’ achievement in speaking skill. It was an experimental research. The subject was students of Grade XII, Vocational High School (Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan: SMK), which consisted of 79 students. The research was divided into two groups: experimental and control groups. The instrument used to collect the data was speaking test. To obtain the reliability of the test, the writer applied Kuder Richardson 21 formula. The result of the reliability was 0.7, and it was found that the test was reliable. The data were analyzed by using t-test formula. The analysis showed that the scores of the students in the experimental group were significantly higher than the scores of the students in the control group at the level of significant m = 0.05 with the degree of freedom (df) 77, t-observed value 8.9 > t-table value 1.99. The findings indicate that using Demonstration Method significantly affected the students’ achievement in speaking skill. So, English teachers are suggested to use Demonstration Method in order to improve students’ achievement in speaking skill.

scholarly journals Postoperative analgesia effects of sulfentanyl plus dexmedetomidine in patients received VATS

Pteridines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Haoyu Jiang ◽  
Ying Zheng ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Ying Bao
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Statistical Difference ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Intravenous Analgesia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nsclc Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
Time Point

AbstractBackground To evaluate sulfentanyl combined with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride on postoperative analgesia in patients who received video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and its effects on serum norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and prostaglandin (PGE2).Material and Methods Ninety-nine non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who received VATS were included in the study. All the patients received intravenous inhalation compound anesthesia. Of the 99 cases, 49 subjects (control group) received sulfentanyl for patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PICA) and other 50 cases (experiment group) received sulfentanyl combined with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride for PICA after operation of VATS. The analgesic effects of the two groups were evaluated according to Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) and the Bruggrmann Comfort Scale (BCS). The serum pain mediator of NE, DA, 5-HT, and PGE2 were examined and compared between the two groups in the first 24 h post-surgery.Results The VAS scores for the experiment group were significant lower than that of control group on the time points of 8, 16, and 24 h post-surgery (pall<0.05), and the BCS scores of the experiment group in the time points of 8, 16, and 24 h were significantly higher than that of controls (p<0.05). However, the VAS and BCS scores were not statistical differently in the time point of 1, 2, and 4 h post-surgery (pall>0.05). The mean sulfentanyl dosage was 63.01 ± 5.14 μg and 67.12 ± 6.91 μg for the experiment and control groups respectively with significant statistical difference (p<0.05). The mean analgesic pump pressing times were 4.30 ± 1.31 and 5.31 ± 1.46 for experiment and control groups respectively with significant statistical difference (p<0.05). The serum NE, DA, 5-HT, and PGE2 levels were significantly lower in the experimental group compared to that of control group in the time point of 12 h post-surgery (pall<0.05). The side effects of nausea, vomiting, delirium, rash, and hypotension atrial fibrillation were not statistically different between the two groups (pall>0.05).Conclusion Patient controlled intravenous analgesia of sulfentanyl combined with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride was effective in reducing the VAS score and serum pain mediators in NSCLC patients who received VAST.

Outcomes of Community-Based Youth Empowerment Programs Adopting Design Thinking: A Quasi-Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 104973152110014
Author(s):  
Siu-ming To ◽  
Xiaoyu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Youth Empowerment ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Creative Self ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: Using a nonrandomized control group pretest–posttest assessment, this study aimed to examine the outcomes of community-based youth empowerment initiatives that were informed by design thinking. Method: A total of 553 youth living in Hong Kong were recruited to participate in this study. Among them, 213 youth self-selected to join the experimental group, and 340 youth joined the two control groups. Multivariate analysis of covariance and post hoc group comparisons were used to examine the differences among the three groups at the posttest assessment. Results: The results indicate a positive improvement in creative self-efficacy among participants of the experimental group compared to the two control groups. Significant differences were also found between the experimental group and the second control group in terms of youth–adult partnerships and youth empowerment in the community. Conclusion: Youth empowerment programs informed by design thinking may reinforce self-efficacy beliefs by encouraging youth to bring about innovations in their community.

scholarly journals Comparison of Urinary Iodine, Urinary Arsenic, Radioiodine Uptake, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and Free Thyroxin (FT4) Levels, Between Experimental Group with Simple Diffuse Goiter and Control Group

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Sharif Hossain ◽  
Fatema Begum
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Arsenic Level ◽  
Radioiodine Uptake ◽  
Urinary Arsenic ◽  
Diffuse Goiter ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

In Bangladesh some researchers have done several studies to find the correlation of simple diffuse goiter with arsenic level but no one conducted any study to find the differences of urinary iodine, urinary arsenic, radioiodine uptake, the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxin (FT4) levels between goitrous and non goitrous. That is why, in this research an attempt has been made to compare the urinary iodine, urinary arsenic, radioiodine uptake, TSH and FT4 levels between experimental group with simple diffuse goiter and healthy control group. In this study another purpose has also been made to find the associations between different pairs of variables for both experimental and control group. In this study we have tried to find the impacts of arsenic level on simple diffuse goiter. This is a case-control analytical study. The study is carried out in the Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Ultrasound, in collaboration with the thyroid out patient department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. A total of eighty five (85) subjects are included in the study. Among the 85 subjects, a sample of forty five is considered for experimental group with simple diffuse goiter and another sample of forty is considered for healthy control group without any thyroid disease. From the experimental results it has been found that, the arsenic levels, FT4 and radioiodine uptake levels at 2 hours between the experimental and control groups are significantly different but the urinary iodine levels, TSH levels and radioiodine uptake levels at 24 hours between the experimental and control groups are not statistically different. From the experimental results it has also been found that there is significant differentiation between experimental and controls groups in respect of association between different pairs of variables. In this study, another significant finding is that iodine deficiency is not only the factor of causing simple diffuse goiter, but arsenic level is also one of the most important factor of causing simple diffuse goiter. Key words: Iodine deficiency, Simple diffuse goiter, Urinary arsenic, Statistical analysis, Association, Experimental and Control groups  DOI = 10.3329/dujps.v7i1.1224 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 7(1): 89-98, 2008 (June)

scholarly journals The Effects of Dora the Explorer on Preschool Children's Spatial Concept Acquisition and Spatial Ability

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Duriye Esra Angın
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Ability ◽  
Spatial Abilities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Meaningful Difference ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Spatial Concept ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of Dora the Explorer cartoon on the spatial concept acquisitions and spatial abilities of the preschool children. The study was carried out with 80, 60-71 month old children attending preschools. Post-test only control group model is used in the research in order to identify the existing phenomena in a controlled manner. “The Bracken Basic Concept Scale, Third Edition: Receptive (BBCSIII:R) Form Direction/Position Subscale” and two different “Spatial Ability Games” were used to assess children’s spatial concept acquisitions and spatial abilities. Independent sample t-test was used in order to compare the average of post-test scores of the children in the experimental and control groups. According to the findings, it is found that there is meaningful difference between scores of post-tests of direction/position subscale and spatial ability games score. Comparing the scores of post-test of direction/position subscale and spatial ability games of experimental and control groups, it was found that there was a meaningful differentiation in favor of experimental group.

scholarly journals The Effect of Using Prezi on Al Zaytoonah University Students’ Performance in French Language Reading Skills

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Samer Al-Hammouri
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Reading Skills ◽  
Reading Skill ◽  
Achievement Test ◽  
French Language ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of using Prezi on Al Zaytoonah students&rsquo; performance in French Language reading skill. To achieve the purpose of the study, a pre/post-test was constructed to measure students&rsquo; performance in French language reading skill. The sample of the study comprised 128 students from Al Zaytoonah University and was distributed into two sections, which were selected purposefully. The sample of the study was distributed into two groups (one experimental and one control groups). The experimental group&rsquo;s students were taught the reading skill using Prezi while the control groups&rsquo; students were taught using the traditional way. The sample of the study was 64 students in the experimental group and 64 students in the control group. Those groups were distributed into two purposefully selected sections in public schools in Amman. The results of the study showed a variance in the means of the achievement test according to group, it also showed that there were statistically significant differences on the achievement test due to the Strategy variable. There were statistically significant differences between using Prezi Strategy and the Current Strategy in favor of the Prezi Strategy, and there was no statistically significant difference in the students&rsquo; achievement due to gender. There was no statistically significant difference due to the interaction between gender and group. The researchers recommend that researchers focus on new teaching strategies and conduct more studies related this topic. They also recommend that other researchers conduct studies and focus on the role play strategy.

scholarly journals The effect of peripheral learning on elementary EFL learners’ grammar improvement: The case of prepositions of time and place

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
Islam Namazian Doost ◽  
Soheila Tahmasbi
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Teaching Environment ◽  
Learning Abilities ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Elementary Classes ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aims to investigate the possible effects of peripheral learning on elementary EFL learners’ grammar improvement: the case of prepositions of time and place. Two elementary classes were selected as experimental and control groups. Before beginning the treatment, a grammar test was administered to both the groups as a pre-test. Then, as treatment, the experimental group was exposed to realia, pictures, posters and texts, while the control group was not. After term-long treatment of 10 weeks, the two groups received the same grammar test as post-test. The results of t-test showed that the experimental group improved their grammar ability, i.e., knowledge of prepositions of time and place more than their friends in the control group. The finding of the study may open an optional path for teachers to include some peripheral materials in their teaching environment to further invest on unconscious learning abilities of the students.   Keywords: Peripheral learning, reposition of time, prepositions of place, grammar.

scholarly journals USING SOCIOGRAM TO IMPROVE THE WRITING AND SPEAKING ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE EIGHT GRADE STUDENTS OF SMPN 1 JARAI

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Yoga Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Eighth Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eighth Grade Students ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Test Control

The objectives of this study were to find out whether or not there was significant improvement in writing and speaking achievements of the eighth grade students of SMPN1 Jarai after they were taught by using Sociogram, to find out whether or not there was significant improvement in each aspect of writing and speaking achievements of the eighth grade students of SMPN1 Jarai after they were taught by using Sociogram, to find out whether or not there was significant difference in writing and speaking achievements between the eighth grade students of SMP 1 Jarai who were taught by using Sociogram and those who were not, and to find out the perception of the eighth grade students of SMPN 1 Jarai after they were taught by using Socoiogram. In this paper, an experimental research method with pre and post test control group design was used with 70 students as the sample divided into two groups, experimental and control group. However, only the students of the experimental group were taught by using Sociogram. The obtained data were analyzed by using t-test. The students were given questionnaire to know their perceptions. The result showed that there was a significant difference in both students? writing and speaking achievements after they were tought by using Sociogram. Furthermore, it was found that there was a significant difference in students? writing and speaking achievement between the experimental and control groups. In conclusion, Sociogram improves the students? writing and speaking achievements.

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