Isolation and morphology of calcium-tolerant feline ventricular myocytes

1983 ◽  
Vol 245 (5) ◽  
pp. H891-H896 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. Silver ◽  
E. L. Hemwall ◽  
T. A. Marino ◽  
S. R. Houser
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Myocytes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Ventricular Cells ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
The Right ◽  
Krebs Henseleit Buffer

A technique has been developed for isolating a high yield of Ca2+-tolerant rod-shaped myocytes from the right and left ventricles of cat myocardial tissue. Myocytes were prepared by retrograde perfusion of the coronary arteries via the aorta with a nominally Ca2+-free (20-30 microM) modified Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing 0.12% collagenase. After exposure to physiological levels of Ca2+ (1-2.5 mM), the cells retained rod-shaped morphology, exhibited clear cross striations, and excluded the dye trypan blue (0.4%). Initial percents of viable Ca2+-tolerant rod-shaped cells were 58.6 +/- 3.4 (SE) and 51.8 +/- 3.5 for right and left ventricular cells, respectively. Viability studies demonstrated that these values decreased approximately 10% at the conclusion of a 2-h incubation in 1 mM Ca2+. The total numbers of rod-shaped myocytes obtained were 4.48 X 10(7) and 3.89 X 10(7) in nominal (8-10 microM) and 1 mM Ca2+-containing buffer, respectively. A total of 3.44 +/- 0.40 X 10(6) rod-shaped Ca2+-tolerant myocytes was initially isolated per gram of tissue wet weight. Measurements of cell length, width, and sarcomere length demonstrated no significant differences between right and left ventricular cells suspended in nominal (8-10 microM) and 1 mM Ca2+-containing buffer. No significant difference was found in the percent of binucleate cells when right and left ventricular myocytes were compared. These results demonstrate that a stable population of Ca2+-tolerant myocytes with similar morphological characteristics can be isolated from the right and left ventricles of cat myocardium.

Larger late sodium current density as well as greater sensitivities to ATX II and ranolazine in rabbit left atrial than left ventricular myocytes

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (3) ◽  
pp. H455-H461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antao Luo ◽  
Jihua Ma ◽  
Yejia Song ◽  
Chunping Qian ◽  
Ying Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Atrial ◽  
Ventricular Myocytes ◽  
Sodium Current ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Atrial Myocytes ◽  
Open Probability ◽  
Late Sodium Current ◽  
Ventricular Cells ◽  
Open Time ◽  
Hill Slope

An increase of cardiac late sodium current ( INa.L) is arrhythmogenic in atrial and ventricular tissues, but the densities of INa.L and thus the potential relative contributions of this current to sodium ion (Na+) influx and arrhythmogenesis in atria and ventricles are unclear. In this study, whole-cell and cell-attached patch-clamp techniques were used to measure INa.L in rabbit left atrial and ventricular myocytes under identical conditions. The density of INa.L was 67% greater in left atrial (0.50 ± 0.09 pA/pF, n = 20) than in left ventricular cells (0.30 ± 0.07 pA/pF, n = 27, P < 0.01) when elicited by step pulses from −120 to −20 mV at a rate of 0.2 Hz. Similar results were obtained using step pulses from −90 to −20 mV. Anemone toxin II (ATX II) increased INa.L with an EC50 value of 14 ± 2 nM and a Hill slope of 1.4 ± 0.1 ( n = 9) in atrial myocytes and with an EC50 of 21 ± 5 nM and a Hill slope of 1.2 ± 0.1 ( n = 12) in ventricular myocytes. Na+ channel open probability (but not mean open time) was greater in atrial than in ventricular cells in the absence and presence of ATX II. The INa.L inhibitor ranolazine (3, 6, and 9 μM) reduced INa.L more in atrial than ventricular myocytes in the presence of 40 nM ATX II. In summary, rabbit left atrial myocytes have a greater density of INa.L and higher sensitivities to ATX II and ranolazine than rabbit left ventricular myocytes.

scholarly journals EPICARDIAL PACING

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
ZAHID PARVEZ ◽  
FARID AHMAD CHAUDHARY ◽  
AJMAL HASAN NAZQVI ◽  
Muniza Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Pacing Threshold ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Right

Placement of epicardial wires on the right atrial and right ventricle surfaces is a routine practice in cardiac surgery. These pacingelectrodes are used for invasive pacing of the myocardium for a variety of emergent and elective conditions postoperatively. There is uncertaintyin actual practice about the optimum time for their removal, and practice varies widely between different institutions. Objectives: To determine thetime related efficacy of these pacing electrodes after cardiac surgery, to find out the optimum time of their removal. Period: July 2008 toOctober 2008. Patients & Methods: 47 patients those underwent coronary artery bypass surgery were prospectively enrolled and evaluatedwith standard 12 lead ECG and ventricle pacing threshold immediately after surgery and on the 5t h postoperative day. The patients were dividedinto two subgroups according to their left ventricle ejection fraction ( > 40% verses < 40%). Results: There was significant difference in theeffective pacing threshold in groupl and 2 on immediate post operative period and on day 5. (P = 0.002 and P = 0.02 respectively) The sensingthreshold immediately after operation and on 5t h post operative day also differed significantly (P = 0.009 in group 1 and 0.02 in group 2) Theeffective VVI* pacing was lost in 17 patients (40.5%) on the 5t h post operative day and comparison of effective pacing threshold in the twogroups showed no significant difference during the same period of time (P = NS). "Ventrculo-ventrical inhibition. Conclusions: The epicardialpacing wires have little usefulness after the fifth postoperative day and should be removed by this time. In addition postoperative pacingthreshold was not affected by the decreased left ventricular function.

Study on the Physical and Chemical and Mechanical Pulping Characteristic of Cotton Stalk Fiber

2014 ◽  
Vol 884-885 ◽  
pp. 158-161
Author(s):  
Li Xia Li ◽  
Hai Tao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Test Method ◽  
Cotton Stalk ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Correlation Strength ◽  
Block Test ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Composition Changes

Straw resource was tremendous, however it was utilized poorly. So the research of physical, chemical and mechanical pulping properties of cotton stalk fiber laid the foundation for utilization of cotton stalk. Morphology of cotton stalk fiber was determined by Feica microscope, the length, width and length to wide ratio were analyzed by SPSS 17.0. Chemical composition changes of cotton stalk fiber after mechanical process were analyzed by applying Block test method with Design-expert 6.0.10.The result present that composition of fiber had significant difference. Hemicellulose decreased by 1.68 %, cellulose decreased by8.85 %, lignin increased by 5.87 %. Beating degree was positively correlated with the pulping time, beating time and wet weight were a negative correlation. Strength of cotton stalk fiber was positively with the gramme, and strength was 8.5 N when gramme was 60 g/m2.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PULMONARY ARTERY STIFFNESS AND RIGHT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH BEHÇET’S DISEASE USING TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Yaşar ◽  
Murat Unlu ◽  
suat gormel ◽  
Emre Yalcinkaya ◽  
Baris BUGAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Behcet’S Disease ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Artery Stiffness ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ventricular Functions

Background: Behçet’s disease is a systemic vasculitis that can affect all sizes of arteries and veins. Arterial stiffness is a term used to describe the visco-elastic properties of vessel wall. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between pulmonary artery stiffness (PAS) and the right ventricular (RV) functions in asymptomatic Behçet’s patients with no cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: We studied 40 patients who were diagnosed by the international diagnostic criteria of Behçet’s disease and 40 healthy individuals who were matching demographic properties with the patients. Two groups were matched by age, gender, clinical history and other clinical features. Substantial medical history concerning the factors that can affect right ventricle diastolic function (such as medications, smoking status, other comorbities, etc.) was taken and general physical examination was carried out. The right and left ventricular functions as well as valvular functions were evaluated by using echocardiography. Also Two-dimensional, M-mode, pulsed wave (PW) Doppler echocardiographic parameters were measured for right ventricular functions. PW Doppler flow trace was obtained from the pulmonary valve with regards to pulmonary artery stiffness. Results: There was no significant difference in terms of clinical and demographic properties. No statistically significant difference was found upon comparison of the left ventricular end of systole and diastole diameters, the diastolic and systolic thicknesses of the interventricular septum (IVS) and left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW), left atrium (LA) diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) values (p>0.05) of the two groups. Right ventricular myocardial performance index (MPI) value was found higher in Behçet’s patients and a statistically significant difference was detected between the groups (p<0.01). Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) values were found to be statistically significantly lower in the patient group as compared to the control group (p<0.01). In PW Doppler measurements, early passive filling (E) wave flow velocity and E/A ratio were found to be statistically significantly lower, deceleration time (DT) was higher in the patient group (p<0.01). In Behçet’s patients without clinical pulmonary involvement, the pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) was found to be statistically significantly higher in the patient group (p<0.01). The values of pulmonary artery stiffness (PAS) were found to be significantly higher in the patient group (p<0.01). The relationship between the right ventricular function markers and PAS were evaluated in the patient group. There was no statistically significant relationship between PAS and MPI and TAPSE. But there was a significant correlation between PAS and PASP and duration of illness (p<0.001 and r=0.682 ; p=0.047 and r=0,316). Conclusion: Behçet’s patients without cardiac symptoms and signs, reduction in right ventricular functions and increase in PAS was detected. Although there is no correlation between right ventricular functions and PAS, increased PAS may be an early marker of reduction of the right ventricular functions. Consequently, routine cardiological examination and detailed evaluation of biventricular functions by using echocardiography should be greatly beneficial in Behcet’s patients, even though there are no signs or symptoms.

scholarly journals Morphological Variations of the Liver in Autopsies of the Iranian Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-114
Author(s):  
Shabnam Mohammadi ◽  
Arya Hadjazi ◽  
Maryam Sajjadian ◽  
Hamid Attaran ◽  
Maryam Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Left Liver Lobe ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Length Width

Knowledge about the variations in liver is essential for surgeons and radiologists, so as to prevent wrong interpretation and diagnosis. So far, no data are available on the standard characteristics of normal liver in the Iranian population. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the standard data of a normal liver including weight, length, width, thickness and lobes variations of the liver of Iranians. This cross sectional study was perfomed on 600 cadavers in Mashhad Legal Medicine Center in 2016. After obtaining demographic characteristics of cadavers, the weight, length, width, thickness and variations of the liver lobes were evaluated. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. The mean values of the liver length, width, thickness, weight, and index of the liver were 23.56 ± 16.37 cm, 14.18 ± 3.49 cm, 6.53 ± 1.71cm, 1357.59 ± 381.5 g and 25.44 ± 47.72 respectively. The average length of the portal vein was 5.73±1.56 cm, while the average diameter of the portal vein was 8.90 ± 2.23 mm. Based on Netter's anatomy, most livers (56.7%) were Type III (saddle like liver) and the lowest number of livers (2.2%) were Type II (left liver lobe atrophy). Although, the dimensions and weight of the liver was more in men than women, but except for the portal vein diameter, there was no statistically significant difference between the sexes in other values. There were significant differences between the dimensions of the liver with age, body weight and BMI. Investigation of liver morphological characteristics is useful for surgeons as well as anatomists. Besides, it includes the standard data of anthropometry in the Iranian population.

Expression and localization of angiotensin subtype receptor proteins in the hypertensive rat heart

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (3) ◽  
pp. R781-R789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoji Ozono ◽  
Toshiyuki Matsumoto ◽  
Tetsuji Shingu ◽  
Tetsuya Oshima ◽  
Yasuhiro Teranishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Ventricular Myocytes ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

The cellular localization of the AT2 receptor and the regulation of its expression in hypertrophied left ventricle are not well known. We compared the expression of the cardiac AT1 and AT2 receptor in spontaneously hypertensive rats/Izumo strain (SHR/Izm) and Wistar Kyoto rats/Izumo strain (WKY/Izm), ages 4, 12, and 20 wk, by means of immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. In SHR/Izm, compared with WKY/Izm, blood pressure (161 ± 2 vs. 120 ± 2 mmHg at 12 wk, P ≤ 0.01, and 199 ± 3 vs. 123 ± 3 mmHg at 20 wk, P≤ 0.01) and heart-to-body weight ratio (3.76 ± 0.07 vs. 3.06 ± 0.06 mg/g at 12 wk, P ≤ 0.01, and 3.90 ± 0.08 vs. 3.01 ± 0.12 mg/g at 20 wk, P ≤ 0.01) were significantly elevated. There was no difference in these values between the two strains at 4 wk of age. Histologically, 20-wk-old SHR/Izm demonstrated myocardial hypertrophy, a thickening of the smooth muscle layer of the intracardiac arteries, and perivascular fibrosis. By immunohistochemistry, the AT2 receptor was localized to cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells, but not in the vascular smooth muscle cells. No major AT2 receptor signal was observed in perivascular fibrosis at any age in either strain of rats. No difference was detected in this localization between the two strains. By Western blotting, a single 44-kDa band for the AT2 receptor and a single 60-kDa band for the AT1 receptor were detected in ventricles from both strains of rats at all ages. Densitometric analysis demonstrated that the AT2 receptor 44-kDa band was decreased by 20% at 12 wk and 32% at 20 wk ( P < 0.01) in SHR/Izm compared with WKY/Izm. The intensity of the AT1 receptor 60-kDa band was increased by 57% in 20-wk-old SHR/Izm compared with WKY/Izm ( P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the intensity of the 44- or 60-kDa bands in 4-wk-old animals of either strain. We demonstrated a decrease in the AT2 receptor and an increase in the AT1 receptor protein with no change in their localizations in hypertrophied left ventricular myocytes of SHR/Izm.

Echocardiographic parameters and indices in the normal Beagle dog

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Crippa ◽  
E. Ferro ◽  
E. Melloni ◽  
P. Brambilla ◽  
E. Cavalletti
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Posterior Wall Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intraventricular Septum ◽  
Standard Deviation Range ◽  
Sternal Border ◽  
Echocardiographic Images ◽  
The Right

M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiographic measurements were made from the right sternal border of 50 healthy Beagles (25 males and 25 females) approximately 7 months old. The dogs were conscious and standing during the investigation. The following parameters, in systole and diastole, were measured on the echocardiographic images: left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVWT); intraventricular septum thickness (IST); left ventricular internal dimension (LVID); and circumference (LVC). Fractional shortening (FS) and ejection fraction (EF) were also calculated. Mean, standard deviation, range and coefficient of variation are reported for each echocardiographic parameter and for body weight. Males and females were considered separately and together. Each parameter was analysed statistically to check for differences between the sexes and for correlations with body weight. A statistically significant difference between the sexes was only observed for LVWT in systole and diastole. A linear regression with body weight was obtained only for LVID in systole and in diastole. The results show that morphofunctional cardiac homogeneity is independent of size in dogs of this breed and age.

scholarly journals Plicae Palmatae on MR in Uterus Didelphys: the Incidence and Morphological Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Wang Xiaoying
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Uterus Didelphys ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cervical Disease ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
Plicae Palmatae

Objective: To investigate the incidence of plicae palmatae in uterus didelphys and its morphological characteristics on MR imaging. Methods: We retrospectively collected 37 consecutive female pelvic MR images diagnosed with uterus didelphys between August 2012 and November 2020. Patients with the following conditions were excluded: (a) repeated examination; (b) poor image quality; (c) cervical disease. Axial and coronal T2-weight images and axial three-dimensional (3D) volumetric isotropic T2-weighted acquisition (VISTA) were used to evaluate the ridge of plicae palmatae (RPP). A multiplanar reformation of the cervical axis from 3D-VISTA sequence was performed to measure the height and width of RPP. Non-normal variables based on the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for statistical analysis. A two-tailed test where P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Twenty-six cases were finally included in the statistics. The average age was 25.7±9.0 years (range, 10-45 years). RPP was observed on both cervices in 16 patients (61.5%), only on the left cervix in 3 patients (11.5%), and only on the right cervix in 4 patients (15.4%). There were 3 cases with no RPP observed in any of their cervix (11.5%).All RPP appear symmetrically on the anterior and posterior walls of the cervix. There was no statistically significant difference in height, width, and height/width of the RPP in the left and right cervix (p＞0.05). Conclusions: RPP is encountered in 88.5% patients with duplicated uterine cervices in our cohort. This incidence is similar to that reported in women with normal uterus of reproductive age.

TransmembraneI Ca contributes to rate-dependent changes of action potentials in human ventricular myocytes

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (1) ◽  
pp. H98-H106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui-Rong Li ◽  
Baofeng Yang ◽  
Jianlin Feng ◽  
Ralph F. Bosch ◽  
Michel Carrier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Potential ◽  
Ventricular Myocytes ◽  
Slow Component ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Delayed Rectifier ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Ventricular Cells ◽  
The Right

The mechanism of action potential abbreviation caused by increasing rate in human ventricular myocytes is unknown. The present study was designed to determine the potential role of Ca2+ current ( I Ca) in the rate-dependent changes in action potential duration (APD) in human ventricular cells. Myocytes isolated from the right ventricle of explanted human hearts were studied at 36°C with whole cell voltage and current-clamp techniques. APD at 90% repolarization decreased by 36 ± 4% when frequency increased from 0.5 to 2 Hz. Equimolar substitution of Mg2+ for Ca2+ significantly decreased rate-dependent changes in APD (to 6 ± 3%, P < 0.01). Peak I Ca was decreased by 34 ± 3% from 0.5 to 2 Hz ( P < 0.01), and I Ca had recovery time constants of 65 ± 12 and 683 ± 39 ms at −80 mV. Action potential clamp demonstrated a decreasing contribution of I Ca during the action potential as rate increased. The rate-dependent slow component of the delayed rectifier K+current ( I Ks) was not observed in four cells with an increase in frequency from 0.5 to 3.3 Hz, perhaps because the I Ks is so small that the increase at a high rate could not be seen. These results suggest that reduction of Ca2+influx during the action potential accounts for most of the rate-dependent abbreviation of human ventricular APD.

Cardiovascular studies on normal calves

1961 ◽  
Vol 200 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Kuida ◽  
Arthur M. Brown ◽  
Ramon L. Lange ◽  
Hans H. Hecht
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Right Heart ◽  
Cuffed Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lateral Decubitus ◽  
The Right ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Made In

Physiologic measurements of several circulatory parameters were made in 15 normal unanesthetized calves by cardiac catheterization. Fifty-four observations were made in the ‘resting’ state during 27 separate studies. The calves were restrained in the right lateral decubitus position in a calf chute. Oxygen consumption (Vo2) was measured by collecting expired air through a cuffed endotracheal tube. Cardiac output was determined by the direct Fick (Q·f) and/or the dye dilution (Q·d) techniques. Pulmonary artery (PAP), right heart and carotid artery (CAP) pressures were measured routinely while pulmonary artery wedge, left ventricular and central aortic pressures were obtained in a few animals. Under the conditions of the study, it is unlikely that the animals were in a truly resting state. However, absence of a statistically significant difference between two consecutive measurements of various parameters in 11 studies and good agreement between 17 paired Qf and Qd determinations suggests that the animals were in a reasonably steady state. Mean ± Sx values of the more important parameters measured were as follows: Qd 7.30 ± 0.23, Qf 7.10 ± 0.42 l/min/m2; Vo2 365 ± 29 cc/min/m2; PAP 21.6 ± 1.4, CAP 131 ± 4.5 mm Hg; pulmonary vascular resistance 2.34 ± 0.27 mm Hg/l/min/m2.

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