scholarly journals High-fat diet offsets the long-lasting effects of running-wheel access on food intake and body weight in OLETF rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 300 (6) ◽  
pp. R1459-R1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Ting Chao ◽  
Chantelle E. Terrillion ◽  
Timothy H. Moran ◽  
Sheng Bi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Running Wheel ◽  
Running Exercise ◽  
Oletf Rats ◽  
Running Wheels

We have previously demonstrated that running-wheel access normalizes the food intake and body weight of Otsuka Long-Evens Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats. Following 6 wk of running-wheel access beginning at 8 wk of age, the body weight of OLETF rats remains reduced, demonstrating a lasting effect on their phenotype. In contrast, access to a high-fat diet exacerbates the hyperphagia and obesity of OLETF rats. To determine whether diet modulates the long-term effects of exercise, we examined the effects of high-fat diet on food intake and body weight in OLETF rats that had prior access to running wheels for 4 wk. We found that 4 wk of running exercise significantly decreased food intake and body weight of OLETF rats. Consistent with prior results, 4 wk of exercise also produced long-lasting effects on food intake and body weight in OLETF rats fed a regular chow. When running wheels were relocked, OLETF rats stabilized at lower levels of body weight than sedentary OLETF rats. However, access to a high-fat diet offset these effects. When OLETF rats were switched to a high-fat diet following wheel relocking, they significantly increased food intake and body weight, so that they reached levels similar to those of sedentary OLETF rats fed a high-fat diet. Gene expression determination of hypothalamic neuropeptides revealed changes that appeared to be appropriate responses to the effects of diet and running exercise. Together, these results demonstrate that high-fat diet modulates the long-lasting effects of exercise on food intake and body weight in OLETF rats.

scholarly journals Low-dose UV radiation before running wheel access activates brown adipose tissue

2020 ◽  
Vol 244 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristan S Allemann ◽  
Gursimran K Dhamrait ◽  
Naomi J Fleury ◽  
Tamara N Abel ◽  
Prue H Hart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Running Wheel ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Running Wheels

In previous preclinical studies, low (non-burning) doses of UV radiation (UVR) limited weight gain and metabolic dysfunction in mice fed with a high-fat diet. Here, we explored the effects of low-dose UVR on physical activity and food intake and mechanistic pathways in interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT). Young adult C57Bl/6J male mice, housed as individuals, were fed a high-fat diet and exposed to low-dose UVR (sub-oedemal, 1 kJ/m2 UVB, twice-a-week) or ‘mock’ treatment, with or without running wheel access (2 h, for ‘moderate’ physical activity) immediately after phototherapy. There was no difference in distance run in mice exposed to UVR or mock-treated over 12 weeks of exposure to running wheels (P = 0.14). UVR (alone) did not significantly affect food intake, adiposity, or signs of glucose dysfunction. Access to running wheels increased food intake (after 10 weeks, P ≤ 0.02) and reduced gonadal white adipose tissue and iBAT mass (P ≤ 0.03). Body weight and hepatic steatosis were lowest in mice exposed to UVR with running wheel access. In the iBAT of mice exposed to UVR and running wheels, elevated Atgl, Cd36, Fasn, Igf1, Pparγ, and Ucp1 mRNAs and reduced CD11c on F4-80 + MHC class II+ macrophages were observed, while renal Sglt2 mRNA levels were increased, compared to high-fat diet alone (P ≤ 0.03). Blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were not increased by exposure to UVR and/or access to running wheels. In conclusion, when combined with physical activity, low-dose UVR may more effectively limit adiposity (specifically, body weight and hepatic steatosis) and modulate metabolic and immune pathways in iBAT.

scholarly journals The Effects of Triacylglycerol Structures on the Food Intake and Body Weight of Mice in a High-Fat Diet Setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1216-1216
Author(s):  
Xinge Hu
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
High Fat

Abstract Objectives The dietary fat content plays an important role in the regulation of chronic metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Here, we tested the impacts of triacylglycerol structure on the body weight gain and food intake of mice in a high-fat diet (HFD) setting. Methods Male C57/BL6J mice at 6 weeks old were fed one of the following three diets for 6 weeks, Teklad Rodent Diet chow diet (number 8640), the chow diet containing 36% (w/w) 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-3-oleoylglycerol (PPO), or the chow diet containing 36% (w/w) 1,3-Dipalmitoyl-2-oleoylglycerol (POP). Each group contained 9 mice, and their food intake and BW were measured daily. The mice were euthanized after 6 weeks (12 weeks old) for tissue sample collection. Results Both high HFD groups had significantly higher BW gain and caloric intakes than the chow diet group. Mice fed the POP diet had a lower percentage of BW gain and consumed less accumulated calories than those fed the PPO diet, as well as a significantly lower liver to BW ratio. Since week 4, the body BW rate of the POP group started to be lower than that of the PPO diet group. Conclusions TAG structures in an HFD setting affect the BW gain rate and obesity in mice. The different structures of fat added to affect the food intake and BW gain differently in an HFD setting. In the future, we would like to compare the changes of the hepatic lipogenesis enzyme in these mice. This will help us to understand how the triacylglycerol structures in the diet affect lipid metabolism in mice. Funding Sources Internal.

Effects of combined glucocorticoid/mineralocorticoid receptor modulation (CORT118335) on energy balance, adiposity, and lipid metabolism in male rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (2) ◽  
pp. E337-E349
Author(s):  
Elizabeth T. Nguyen ◽  
Sarah Berman ◽  
Joshua Streicher ◽  
Christina M. Estrada ◽  
Jody L. Caldwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Receptor Modulation

Psychological stress and excess glucocorticoids are associated with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Glucocorticoids act primarily through mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR), and compounds modulating these receptors show promise in mitigating metabolic and cardiovascular-related phenotypes. CORT118335 (GR/MR modulator) prevents high-fat diet-induced weight gain and adiposity in mice, but the ability of this compound to reverse obesity-related symptoms is unknown. Adult male rats were subcutaneously administered CORT118335 (3, 10, or 30 mg/kg) or vehicle once daily. A 5-day treatment with CORT118335 at 30 mg/kg induced weight loss in rats fed a chow diet by decreasing food intake. However, lower doses of the compound attenuated body weight gain primarily because of decreased calorific efficiency, as there were no significant differences in food intake compared with vehicle. Notably, the body weight effects of CORT118335 persisted during a 2-wk treatment hiatus, suggesting prolonged effects of the compound. To our knowledge, we are the first to demonstrate a sustained effect of combined GR/MR modulation on body weight gain. These findings suggest that CORT118335 may have long-lasting effects, likely due to GR/MR-induced transcriptional changes. Prolonged (18 days) treatment of CORT118335 (10 mg/kg) reversed body weight gain and adiposity in animals fed a high-fat diet for 13 wk. Surprisingly, this occurred despite a worsening of the lipid profile and glucose homeostasis as well as a disrupted diurnal corticosterone rhythm, suggesting GR agonistic effects in the periphery. We conclude that species and tissue-specific targeting may result in promising leads for exploiting the metabolically beneficial aspects of GR/MR modulation.

scholarly journals Leanness and Low Plasma Leptin in GPR17 Knockout Mice Are Dependent on Strain and Associated With Increased Energy Intake That Is Not Suppressed by Exogenous Leptin

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward T. Wargent ◽  
Suhaib J. S. Ahmad ◽  
Qing Richard Lu ◽  
Evi Kostenis ◽  
Jonathan R. S. Arch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Plasma Leptin

Previous studies have shown that agonists of GPR17 stimulate, while antagonists inhibit feeding. However, whole body knockout of GPR17 in mice of the C57Bl/6 strain did not affect energy balance, whereas selective knockout in oligodendrocytes or pro-opiomelanocortin neurons provided protection from high fat diet-induced obesity and impaired glucose homeostasis. We reasoned that whole body knockout of GPR17 in mice of the 129 strain might elicit more marked effects because the 129 strain is more susceptible than the C57Bl/6 strain to increased sympathetic activity and less susceptible to high fat diet-induced obesity. Consistent with this hypothesis, compared to wild-type mice, and when fed on either a chow or a high fat diet, GPR17 -/- mice of the 129 strain displayed increased expression of uncoupling protein-1 in white adipose tissue, lower body weight and fat content, reduced plasma leptin, non-esterified fatty acids and triglycerides, and resistance to high fat diet-induced glucose intolerance. Not only energy expenditure, but also energy intake was raised. Administration of leptin did not suppress the increased food intake in GPR17 -/- mice of the 129 strain, whereas it did suppress food intake in GPR17 +/+ mice. The only difference between GPR17 +/- and GPR17 +/+ mice of the C57Bl/6 strain was that the body weight of the GPR17 -/- mice was lower than that of the GPR17 +/+ mice when the mice were fed on a standard chow diet. We propose that the absence of GPR17 raises sympathetic activity in mice of the 129 strain in response to a low plasma fuel supply, and that the consequent loss of body fat is partly mitigated by increased energy intake.

scholarly journals Antiobesity and Hypolipidemic Activity of Moringa oleifera Leaves against High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souravh Bais ◽  
Guru Sewak Singh ◽  
Ramica Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity

In the present study, the methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves (MEMOL) was evaluated for antiobesity activity in rats. The antiobesity potential of MEMOL was studied against high fat diet-induced obesity (HFD) in rats. In this study, chronic administration of HFD in rats produced hypercholesterolemia (116.2 ± 0.27 mg/dL), which led to an increase in the body weight (225 gr), total cholesterol, triglycerides (263.0 ± 4.69 mg/dL), and attenuation in the levels of HDL (34.51 ± 2.20 mg/dL) as well as changes in body temperature of animals. Treatment of obese rats with MEMOL for 49 days resulted in a significant (P<0.001) change in body weight, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL level along with a significant (P<0.001) increase in body temperature as compared to the HFD-induced obesity. MEMOL treated rats also showed a significant decrease in the level of liver biomarkers, organ weight, and blood glucose level. Further, rats treated with MEMOL (200 mg and 400 mg/kg) show reduced atherogenic index (1.7 ± 0.6 and 0.87 ± 0.76). The results indicate that the rats treated with Moringa oleifera (MO) have significantly attenuated the body weight without any change in the feed intake and also elicited significant thermogenic effect and to act as hypolipidemic and thermogenic property in obesity related disorders.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anti-Obesity Activity, Acute Toxicity, and Subacute Toxicity of Probiotic Dark Tea

Biomolecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Ling ◽  
Shungeng Li ◽  
Xingcai Zhang ◽  
Yongquan Xu ◽  
Ying Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Water Group ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Infusion Group ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
Group Ii

: Probiotic dark tea (PDT) is a novel kind of dark tea produced by fresh albino tea leaves and fermented with specific probiotics. Our study demonstrates that PDT can ameliorate high-fat diet-induced overweight and lipid metabolic disorders and shows no acute or subacute toxicity in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Daily intragastric administration of 5% PDT infusion for 14 days caused no obvious effect on general physiological features and behaviors of rats. Oral administration of 1%, 2%, and 3% of PDT infusion for six weeks had no influence on the biochemistry and histopathology of rats’ organs and blood, as well as the body weight and ratios of organ/body weight. To investigate its anti-obesity activity, SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, treated with normal diet + water (Group I), high-fat diet + water (Group II), high-fat diet + 3% traditional dark tea infusion (Group III), high-fat diet + 3% PDT infusion (Group IV). After six weeks, the body weight, serum total triacylglycerol (TG) and serum total cholesterol (TC) levels of rats in Group II were significantly increased and the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) levels were significantly decreased compared with those in the other three groups. Both traditional dark tea and PDT treatment effectively counteracted the adverse effect of a high-fat diet in SD rats. These results suggest that PDT could be applied for the prevention of obesity, which ameliorates overweight and lipid metabolic disorders and which shows no acute or subacute toxicity.

scholarly journals The Main and Interactive Effects of Fat and Sodium Contents of the Diet on Characteristics of Metabolic Syndrome in Male Wistar Rats (P08-038-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Jahan-Mihan ◽  
Kea Schwarz ◽  
Leila Nynia ◽  
Tatyana Kimble
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
High Sodium Diet

Abstract Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the main and interactive effects of fat and sodium content of the diet on food intake, body weight and composition, glucose metabolism and blood pressure in male Wistar rats. Methods Male Wistar Rats (n = 48, initial body weight: 115.30 ± 1.73 g) were allocated into 4 groups (n = 12/group) and received one of the following diets: Normal sodium normal fat (NSNF), normal sodium high fat (NSHF), high sodium normal fat (HSNF), high sodium high fat (HSHF) diet for 12 weeks. Body weight (BW) and food intake (FI) were measured weekly. Short-term food intake (1, 2 and 12 hours food intake after 12 hours fasting) was measured at week 6. Body composition and organs’ weight were measured at week 12. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, pulse and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were measured and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was conducted at weeks 1, 4, 8 and 12. Results Regardless of sodium content, a greater FI (both gram and cal) was observed in rats fed normal fat diet compared with those fed high fat diet. Consistently, FI (g) at 1, 2 and 12 hours was higher in rats fed a normal fat diet. However, no difference in calorie intake was observed at any time point. Higher BW and fat (%) was observed in high fat diet groups. Moreover, greater kidneys’ weights was observed in high sodium diet groups. Fasting blood glucose was higher in rats fed a normal sodium diet compared with those fed a high sodium diet while the tAUC glucose response to glucose preload was higher in rats fed a high fat diet compared with those fed a normal fat diet which is consistent with higher body weight in high fat diet groups. Regardless of fat content of the diet, pulse was higher in rats fed a high sodium diet compared with those fed a normal sodium diet. No effect of either dietary sodium or fat content of the diet on SBP or DBP was observed. Conclusions Fat but not sodium content of the diet is a determining factor in regulation of FI and BW. Moreover, both fat and sodium content of the diet influence the glucose metabolism potentially through different mechanisms. While pulse is influenced by sodium content, the results of this study do not support the effect of sodium or fat content of the diet on either SBP or DBP. Funding Sources UNF, Brooks College of Health internal grant.

scholarly journals Anti-obesity Effect of (8-E)-Nüzhenide, a Secoiridoid from Ligustrum lucidum, in High-fat Diet-induced Obese Mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Liu ◽  
Sang Hyun Kim ◽  
Seon Beom Kim ◽  
Yang Hee Jo ◽  
Eun Sil Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Ligustrum Lucidum ◽  
Epididymal Fat

The effect of the extract of Ligustrum lucidum fruits (LFE) and its major secoiridoid (LFS), (8- E)-nüzhenide, on obesity was investigated using high fat-diet (HFD)-induced C58BL/6J obese mice. LFE and LFS were administered at the doses of 300 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg, respectively, for 6 weeks. The anti-obesity activity was evaluated by measuring body weight, epididymal fat and metabolic plasma parameters. On Day 42, the body weight of the LFS-treated group was significantly lower compared with the HFD-treated group. Body weight gain was also reduced by 23.2% and 32.0% in the LFE- and LFS-treated groups, respectively, compared with the HFD group. In addition, the weight of the epididymal fat in the mice was significantly decreased in the HFD+LFS group. The food efficiency ratios (FERs) of the HFD+LFE and HFD+LFS groups were also lower compared with the HFD group with the same food intake. Metabolic parameters that had increased in the HFD group were decreased in the HFD+LFE and HFD+LFS groups. In particular, the increased triglyceride values were significantly reduced in the HFD+LFS group. These results show that treatment with LFE and LFS decreased HFD-induced obesity, mainly by improving metabolic parameters, such as fats and triglycerides. Therefore, LFE and LFS have potential benefits in regulation of obesity.

scholarly journals Cyanidin-3-O-Galactoside-Enriched Aronia melanocarpa Extract Attenuates Weight Gain and Adipogenic Pathways in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6 Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Min Lim ◽  
Hyun Sook Lee ◽  
Jae In Jung ◽  
So Mi Kim ◽  
Nam Young Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa

Aronia melanocarpa are a rich source of anthocyanins that have received considerable interest for their relations to human health. In this study, the anti-adipogenic effect of cyanidin-3-O-galactoside-enriched Aronia melanocarpa extract (AM-Ex) and its underlying mechanisms were investigated in an in vivo system. Five-week-old male C57BL/6N mice were randomly divided into five groups for 8-week feeding with a control diet (CD), a high-fat diet (HFD), or a HFD with 50 (AM-Ex 50), 100 (AM-Ex 100), or 200 AM-Ex (AM-Ex 200) mg/kg body weight/day. HFD-fed mice showed a significant increase in body weight compared to the CD group, and AM-Ex dose-dependently inhibited this weight gain. AM-Ex significantly reduced the food intake and the weight of white fat tissue, including epididymal fat, retroperitoneal fat, mesenteric fat, and inguinal fat. Treatment with AM-Ex (50 to 200 mg/kg) reduced serum levels of leptin, insulin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that AM-Ex suppressed adipogenesis by decreasing CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α, acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1, ATP-citrate lyase, fatty acid synthase, and adipocyte protein 2 messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions. These results suggest that AM-Ex is potentially beneficial for the suppression of HFD-induced obesity by modulating multiple pathways associated with adipogenesis and food intake.

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