A kinetic model of bone marrow neutrophil production that characterizes late phenotypic maturation

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (4) ◽  
pp. R1707-R1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yishay Orr ◽  
David P. Wilson ◽  
Jude M. Taylor ◽  
Paul G. Bannon ◽  
Carolyn Geczy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Maturation Time ◽  
Inflammatory Stimuli ◽  
Cd10 Expression ◽  
Active Mobilization ◽  
Kinetics Of

Acute inflammatory stimuli rapidly mobilize neutrophils from the bone marrow by shortening postmitotic maturation time and releasing younger neutrophils; however, the kinetics of this change in maturation time remains unknown. We propose a kinetic model that examines the rate of change in neutrophil average age at exit from the bone marrow during active mobilization to quantify this response and use this model to examine the temporal profile of late neutrophil phenotypic maturation. Total and CD10−/CD16lowcirculating neutrophils were quantified in cardiac surgery patients during extracorporeal circulation (ECC). Net growth in the circulating neutrophil pool occurred during the procedural (0.04 ± 0.02 × 109·l−1·min−1), warming (0.14 ± 0.02 × 109·l−1·min−1), and weaning (0.12 ± 0.06 × 109·l−1·min−1) phases of ECC. When applied to our differential equation mathematical model, these results predict that neutrophil average age at exit from the bone marrow decreased continually during ECC, resulting in average neutrophil release 8.44 ± 2.20 h earlier during the weaning phase than at the beginning of ECC sampling. Modeling of concurrent changes in CD10−/CD16lowneutrophil numbers indicates that CD10 expression is directly related to neutrophil mean age and predicts that the proportion of mobilizable postmitotic neutrophils that are CD10+increases from 64 to 81% during these sampled 8.4 h of maturation.

scholarly journals Cyclical Granulopoiesis in Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia: A Simulation Study

Blood ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Wheldon ◽  
J. Kirk ◽  
Helen M. Finlay
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Causal Association ◽  
Maturation Time ◽  
Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Delayed Maturation ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Granulocytic Leukemia ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract There exists ample evidence that granulopoiesis is an actively controlled process. The observation of cyclical granulopoiesis in chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) suggests that control is deranged rather than abolished in this disorder. Analysis of the kinetics of granulopoiesis in CGL may provide some insight into the nature of the derangement. To facilitate analysis, a mathematical model of the granulopoietic control system is proposed and examined using computer simulation. With model parameters initially chosen to represent normal granulopoiesis, the minimal changes necessary to represent granulopoiesis in CGL were investigated. This analysis indicates that two separate changes seem to be required: (1) the granulocyte maturation time must be increased and (2) the precursor input to the granulocytic pathway of development must also be increased. A causal association between delayed maturation and rising precursor input is suggested, and some possible mechanisms of association are proposed.

Tempering Kinetics of S45C Martensitic Steel

2006 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Su Jung ◽  
Seok Jae Lee ◽  
Young Kook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Martensitic Steel ◽  
Continuous Heating ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Strain Change ◽  
Type Differential Equation ◽  
Measured Strain ◽  
Kinetics Of

The strain change during the tempering of S45C martensitic steel was examined at different heating rates using a dilatometer. Tempering stages 1 and 3 corresponding to the precipitations of transition carbide and cementite were observed. Tempering kinetics at each stage was investigated from the relation between the measured strain and atomic volume change during tempering. From the tempering kinetic data, continuous heating tempering diagram was constructed and the tempering kinetic model was proposed as Zener-Hillert type differential equation.

In Vivo Labeling of Platelets with 75Se – Selenomethionine in Patients with Hepatic Cirrhosis and Thrombocytopenia.

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (01) ◽  
pp. 047-052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Mayer ◽  
Ilse Herrmann ◽  
Uwe Kempgens ◽  
Wolfgang Queisser
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hepatic Cirrhosis ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Maturation Time ◽  
In Vivo Labeling ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Platelet Release ◽  
Kinetics Of

SummaryLabeling of platelets in vivo by 75Se – Selenomethionine (75Se-M) was performed in nine cases of hepatic cirrhosis and thrombocytopenia for evaluation of the kinetics of platelet maturation. Folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency was excluded by pretreatment of the patients with these agents. The platelet maturation time – time between the injection of the isotope and maximum radioactivity of separated blood platelets – was shortened to 7.7±1.1 days (mean±SD) compared to the normal of 9.1±1.4 days. For explanation a disturbance of megakaryocyte maturation and/or platelet release from the bone marrow is suggested.

scholarly journals Sterile Inflammation Alters Neutrophil Kinetics in Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alakesh Singh ◽  
Thiruvickraman Jothiprakasam ◽  
Jayashree V. Raghavan ◽  
Siddharth Jhunjhunwala
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Ordinary Differential Equation ◽  
Sterile Inflammation ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
Maturation Time ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Inflammatory Site ◽  
Neutrophil Kinetics

ABSTRACTNeutrophils play a crucial role in establishing inflammation in response to an infection or injury, but their production rates, as well as blood and tissue residence times, remain poorly characterized under these conditions. Herein, using a biomaterial implant model to establish inflammation followed by in vivo tracking of newly formed neutrophils, we determine neutrophil kinetics under inflammatory conditions. To obtain quantifiable information from our experimental observations, we develop an ordinary differential equation-based mathematical model to extract kinetic parameters. Our data show that in the presence of inflammation resulting in emergency granulopoiesis-like conditions, neutrophil maturation time in the bone marrow and half-life in the blood reduces by about 40%, compared to non-inflammatory conditions. Additionally, neutrophil residence time at the inflammatory site increases by two-fold. Together, these data improve our understanding of neutrophil kinetics under inflammatory conditions, which could pave the way for therapies that focus on modulating in vivo neutrophil dynamics.

scholarly journals Kinetic Model for Solute Diffusion in Liquid Membrane Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Solute Transport ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Solute Diffusion ◽  
Membrane Systems ◽  
Linear Forms ◽  
Donor Acceptor ◽  
Reversible Processes ◽  
Kinetics Of

In this study, a mathematical model for the kinetics of solute transport in liquid membrane systems (LMSs) has been formulated. This model merged the mechanisms of consecutive and reversible processes with a “semi-derived” diffusion expression, resulting in equations that describe solute concentrations in the three sections (donor, acceptor and membrane). These equations have been refined into linear forms, which are satisfying in the special conditions for simplification obtaining the important kinetic constants of the process experimentally.

Diffusion model for deposition of epitaxial GaAs layers prepared by the MOCVD method

1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 2020-2029
Author(s):  
Jindřich Leitner ◽  
Petr Voňka ◽  
Josef Stejskal ◽  
Přemysl Klíma ◽  
Rudolf Hladina
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Hydrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Epitaxial Gaas ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Good Agreement

The authors proposed and treated quantitatively a kinetic model for deposition of epitaxial GaAs layers prepared by reaction of trimethylgallium with arsine in hydrogen atmosphere. The transport of gallium to the surface of the substrate is considered as the controlling process. The influence of the rate of chemical reactions in the gas phase and on the substrate surface on the kinetics of the deposition process is neglected. The calculated dependence of the growth rate of the layers on the conditions of the deposition is in a good agreement with experimental data in the temperature range from 600 to 800°C.

scholarly journals Torrefaction Thermogravimetric Analysis and Kinetics of Sorghum Distilled Residue for Sustainable Fuel Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4246
Author(s):  
Shih-Wei Yen ◽  
Wei-Hsin Chen ◽  
Jo-Shu Chang ◽  
Chun-Fong Eng ◽  
Salman Raza Naqvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Kinetics Of

This study investigated the kinetics of isothermal torrefaction of sorghum distilled residue (SDR), the main byproduct of the sorghum liquor-making process. The samples chosen were torrefied isothermally at five different temperatures under a nitrogen atmosphere in a thermogravimetric analyzer. Afterward, two different kinetic methods, the traditional model-free approach, and a two-step parallel reaction (TPR) kinetic model, were used to obtain the torrefaction kinetics of SDR. With the acquired 92–97% fit quality, which is the degree of similarity between calculated and real torrefaction curves, the traditional method approached using the Arrhenius equation showed a poor ability on kinetics prediction, whereas the TPR kinetic model optimized by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm showed that all the fit qualities are as high as 99%. The results suggest that PSO can simulate the actual torrefaction kinetics more accurately than the traditional kinetics approach. Moreover, the PSO method can be further employed for simulating the weight changes of reaction intermediates throughout the process. This computational method could be used as a powerful tool for industrial design and optimization in the biochar manufacturing process.

Derivatives of isatin in aqueous solution. I. Kinetics of ring opening of Isatin-5-sulfonate

1981 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Stunzi
Keyword(s):  
Ring Opening ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Buffer Region ◽  
Pka Value ◽  
Back Titration ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Sulfonate Anion

The reactions of isatin-5-sulfonate anion (si-) which cause a hysteresis in pH titrations were studied by pH-metric and n.m.r, spectroscopic methods. Rapid alkalimetric titrations [I 0.15 M (KNO3),37�] gave the pKa value corresponding to the addition of OH- to si- [pKa(ring) 9.55]. The slow ring opening to the sulfonatoisatate dianion (sia2-) led to a drift of the pH values towards an equilibrium buffer region. Its pKa, value [pKa(eq) 3.44] corresponds to the reaction si-+H2O ↔ sia 2-+H+ Rapid back-titration gave the pKa value of the ring-opened species Hsia- [pKa(open) c. 1.3]. The rate law for the ring opening d[sia]/dt=k2 [siOH](OH)+k1*[si] was obtained from the rate of change of pH. N-Methylisatin-5-sulfonate behaves analogously.

A Meshless Method for Solving the Mathematical Model Associated the Leakage Problem in Gas Pipeline

2014 ◽  
Vol 986-987 ◽  
pp. 1418-1421
Author(s):  
Jun Shan Li
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Partial Differential Equation ◽  
Inverse Problem ◽  
Basis Function ◽  
Meshless Method ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Basis Functions ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
The Mathematical Model

In this paper, we propose a meshless method for solving the mathematical model concerning the leakage problem when the pressure is tested in the gas pipeline. The method of radial basis function (RBF) can be used for solving partial differential equation by writing the solution in the form of linear combination of radius basis functions, that is, when integrating the definite conditions, one can find the combination coefficients and then the numerical solution. The leak problem is a kind of inverse problem that is focused by many engineers or mathematical researchers. The strength of the leak can find easily by the additional conditions and the numerical solutions.

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