scholarly journals Selective Variceal Decompression: Current Status

HPB Surgery ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongliang Jin ◽  
Layton F. Rikkers
Keyword(s):  
Alcoholic Cirrhosis ◽  
Initial Therapy ◽  
Venous Hypertension ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Endoscopic Sclerotherapy ◽  
Variceal Hemorrhage ◽  
Gastroesophageal Varices ◽  
The World ◽  
Longterm Survival

Since its introduction into clinical practice in 1967, selective variceal decompression by means of a distal splenorenal shunt (DSRS) has become one of the more commonly performed portal-systemic shunting procedures in the treatment of variceal hemorrhage throughout the world. In addition to selective decompression of gastroesophageal varices, the DSRS provides the advantages of preservation of portal perfusion of the liver and maintenance of intestinal venous hypertension. Many large, uncontrolled series and the majority of controlled randomized studies have demonstrated a lower incidence of encephalopathy after the DSRS than after nonselective shunt procedures. A secondary advantage of the DSRS is that the hepatic hilum is avoided, thus making subsequent liver transplantation a less formidable procedure. None of the studies have shown an advantage to this shunt with respect to longterm survival in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. However, some of the large, uncontrolled series have shown that survival is significantly improved in patients with non-alcoholic cirrhosis compared to nonselective shunt procedures in the same population. Controlled trials comparing the DSRS to endoscopic sclerotherapy have shown that chronic endoscopic variceal sclerosis is an appropriate initial therapy for most patients as long as shunt surgery is readily available if sclerotherapy fails.

scholarly journals Prevention and Management of Variceal Hemorrhage

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Hyun Kim ◽  
Jun Yong Park
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Endoscopic Sclerotherapy ◽  
Variceal Hemorrhage ◽  
Gastroesophageal Varices ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Advanced Cirrhosis ◽  
Proven Efficacy ◽  
Advanced Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Small Varices

Variceal hemorrhage is a common and devastating complication of portal hypertension and is a leading cause of death in patients with cirrhosis. The management of gastroesophageal varices has evolved over the last decade resulting in improved mortality and morbidity rates. Regarding the primary prevention of variceal hemorrhaging, nonselectiveβ-blockers should be the first-line therapy in all patients with medium to large varices and in patients with small varices associated with high-risk features such as red wale marks and/or advanced cirrhosis. EVL should be offered in cases of intolerance or side effects toβ-blockers, or for patients at high-risk for variceal bleeding who have medium or large varices with red wale marks or advanced liver cirrhosis. In acute bleeding, vasoactive agents should be initiated along with antibiotics followed by EVL or endoscopic sclerotherapy (if EVL is technically difficult) within the first 12 hours of presentation. Where available, terlipressin is the preferred agent because of its safety profile and it represents the only drug with a proven efficacy in improving survival. All patients surviving an episode of bleeding should undergo further prophylaxis to prevent rebleeding with EVL and nonselectiveβ-blockers.

scholarly journals Acute pulmonary embolism following endoscopic sclerotherapy for gastroesophageal variceal hemorrhage: A case report and literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2050313X1983894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuanrat Tangcheewinsirikul ◽  
Chusana Suankratay
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Acute Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Alcoholic Cirrhosis ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Endoscopic Sclerotherapy ◽  
Variceal Hemorrhage ◽  
Anticoagulant Treatment ◽  
Progressive Dyspnea ◽  
The Right

Gastroesophageal variceal hemorrhage is a substantial cause of death in patients with portal hypertension. Cyanoacrylate injection is a widely used endoscopic treatment for variceal hemorrhage. We report herein the case of a 49-year-old male with decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis, who received endoscopic sclerotherapy to stop gastroesophageal variceal hemorrhage during hospitalization. The following day, he developed acute progressive dyspnea, and computed tomogram of pulmonary artery revealed acute pulmonary embolism at the right lower pulmonary artery. A final diagnosis of sclerotherapy-associated pulmonary embolism was made, and he gradually improved conservatively without anticoagulant treatment 2 weeks after hospitalization.

PERSPECTIVE DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD PRODUCTION OF FEEDS FOR AQUACULTURE: ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF RAW MATERIALS

2017 ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Lina Yurievna Lagutkina
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Market Trends ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
World Industry ◽  
First Time ◽  
A Current

The author of the article discloses the prospects of development of the world feed production for aquaculture based on the analysis of key innovative technological and market trends. The author specifies that shortage, high cost, low ecological compatibility of traditional raw materials - fish flour - are among major limiting factors in the development of production of feeds for aquaculture. This fact, in turn, limits sustainable development of aquaculture both in Russia, and in the world in general. The article presents the overview of a current status of the world industry of feed production in aquaculture, where the regional situation is studied, as well. For the first time, there is given the outlook of innovative technologies in feed production based on the alternative sources of protein (on the example of projects of leading aquabiotechnological companies) which will determine industry’s objectives for the mid-term perspective.

Heterocycles in the Treatment of Neglected Tropical Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kush K. Maheshwari ◽  
Debasish Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect a huge population of the world and majority of the victims belong to the poor community of the developing countries. Until now, the World Health Organization (WHO) has identified 20 tropical diseases as NTDs that must be addressed with high priority. However, many heterocyclic scaffolds have demonstrated potent therapeutic activity against several NTDs. Objective: There are three major objectives: (1) To discuss the causes, symptoms, and current status of all the 20 NTDs; (2) To explore the available heterocyclic drugs, and their mechanism of actions (if known) that are being used to treat NTDs; (3) To develop general awareness on NTDs among the medicinal/health research community and beyond. Methods: The 20 NTDs have been discussed according to their alphabetic orders along with the possible heterocyclic remedies. Current status of treatment with an emphasis on the heterocyclic drugs (commercially available and investigational) has been outlined. In addition, brief discussion of the impacts of NTDs on socio-economic condition is included. Results: NTDs are often difficult to diagnose and the problem is worsened by the unhealthy hygiene, improper awareness, and inadequate healthcare in the developing countries where these diseases primarily affect poor people. The statistics include duration of suffering, numbers affected, and access to healthcare and medication. The mechanism of actions of various heterocyclic drugs, if reported, have been briefly summarized. Conclusion: Scientists and pharmaceutical corporations should allocate more resources to reveal the in-depth mechanism of actions of many heterocyclic drugs that are currently being used for the treatment of NTDs. Analysis of current heterocyclic compounds and development of new medications can help in the fight to reduce/remove the devastating effects of NTDs. An opinion-based concise review has been presented. Based on available literature, this is the first effect to present all the 20 NTDs and related heterocyclic compounds under the same umbrella.

Financial Literacy among Rural Women in Darbhanga District:An Empirical Evidence.

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prof. F.B. SINGH ◽  
POOJA JHA
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Scenario

Financial Literacy is defined as the possession of knowledge and understanding of elementary financial concepts which results in developing the ability to make conversant, poised and effective financial decisions. In current scenario, the concern to increase the level of financial literacy among common masses has been witnessed by many countries of the world through various Financial Literacy center, programme and initiatives but all these programmes and policies are crafted and implemented taking into consideration the male as ultimate receiver and so women who constitute half of the rural population are lagging behind in terms of a making informed financial decisions and financial wellbeing. Hence Strategies should be formulated taking into consideration the women as the main spectators. This paper is an attempt to analyze the current status of the financial literacy among the rural women of the Darbhanga district.

Application of Probabilistic and Interactive Information in Verifying Machine System and Kernels Based on Relational Modality

2010 ◽  
Vol 143-144 ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Ping Li ◽  
Zhi Ming Qu
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Position Paper ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Moore’S Law ◽  
Moore's Law ◽  
Machine System ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

The networking approach to the World Wide Web is defined not only by the exploration of architecture, but also by the confirmed need for interrupts. Given the current status of authenticated archetypes, steganographers dubiously desire the analysis of scatter/gather I/O. the focus in this position paper is not on whether Moore's Law can be made concurrent, distributed, and pervasive, but rather on proposing an analysis of 32 bit architectures (Grange). It is concluded that, using probabilistic and interactive information and based on relational modality, the machine system and kernels are verified, which is widely used in the future.

Prevalence of Newcastle Disease Virus in Pakistan, its present status and future challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Cost Impact ◽  
The World ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Major Industry

Newcastle disease is caused by Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) leads to severe morbidity and mortality in poultry throughout the world and considered as lentogenic, mesogenic or velogenic based on the mean death of the chicken embryo. The NDV velogenic strain is deadly endemic in Pakistan. Poultry is considered as the second major industry in Pakistan having annual growth of 8-10%. Unfortunately, the increase of NDV cases leads to severe cost impact, loss of production and livelihood. This review highlights the current status and epidemiology of NDV in Pakistan. Various genotypes and sub-genotypes have been identified in Pakistan. Various ND cases have been reported in Pakistan which has very bad consequences on the economy and dealing of poultry products.

scholarly journals An Exploratory Study on COVID-19 and the Rights of Children Based on Keyword Network Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seoyeon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Income Support ◽  
Online Classes ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
Keyword Network

Abstract COVID-19 has become a worldwide health crisis. Around March 2020, the entire country was shut down, including schools. This resulted in significant changes in the lives of children. In this study, the researcher conducted a keyword network analysis utilizing Ucinet ver 6.716 and NetDraw ver 2.173, after gathering the data using Textom in order to examine the current status of the rights of children in a COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of this study were that the degree centrality was higher with poverty, educational institutions, parents, teachers, income support, child care, child-rearing, caring, online classes, and child welfare, etc. Therefore, it can be said that there is an urgent need for the implementation of the respect of the rights of children all over the world in this COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Usage of Mushrooms in Culinary and Medicinal Purposes

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Mohammad Azizur Rahman ◽  
Tawhidur Rahman ◽  
Moshiur Rahman ◽  
Mirza Arif
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Current Status ◽  
The World ◽  
Future Aspect ◽  
History Of ◽  
Distinct Role

The present article reviews the history of mushroom uses in culinary, food and medicinal values; current status and future aspect of mushroom research. Mushrooms contain biologically active polysaccharides, lipid and proteins in fruit bodies, each of them has a distinct role in health as either nutritional value or medicinal elements. Immunostimulating polysaccharides found in mushrooms, are most important for modern medicine. Several of the mushroom biomolecules have undergone phase I, II, and III clinical trials and are used extensively and successfully throughout the world for the treatment of various cancers and other diseases. Medicinal functions played by the mushrooms include antitumor, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, detoxification, cardiovascular, antihypercholesterolemia, antiviral, antifungal, hepatoprotective, immunomodulating and free radical scavenging. The present review draws attention to nutritional and medicinal importance of mushroom as well as the problems and opportunity in the future development of mushroom research.

scholarly journals Recent Developments and Current Status of Commercial Production of Fuel Ethanol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuan-Dung Hoang ◽  
Nhuan Nghiem
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Commercial Scale ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Developments

Ethanol produced from various biobased sources (bioethanol) has been gaining high attention lately due to its potential to cut down net emissions of carbon dioxide while reducing burgeoning world dependence on fossil fuels. Global ethanol production has increased more than six-fold from 18 billion liters at the turn of the century to 110 billion liters in 2019 (1,2). Sugar cane and corn have been used as the major feedstocks for ethanol production. Lignocellulosic biomass has recently been considered as another potential feedstock. This paper reviews recent developments and current status of commercial production of ethanol across the world. The review includes the ethanol production processes used for each type of feedstock, both currently practiced at commercial scale and newly developed technologies, and production trends in various regions and countries in the world.

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