scholarly journals Agronomic Evaluation and Genetic Variation of Tunisian Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinaceaSchreb.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Chtourou-Ghorbel ◽  
M. Chakroun ◽  
H. Elazreg ◽  
N. Trifi-Farah
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Ge Interaction ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Genotype X Environment ◽  
The Relationship

Nine important agronomic traits were used to assess the genetic diversity of Tunisian tall fescue and to investigate the extent of genotype X environment (GE) interaction and its implications for breeding programs. These traits were studied for three consecutive years in thirty-five spontaneous populations and three cultivars. Panicle size contributed to seeds production, while the plant height at harvest and dry matter yield were selected for forage performance. Analysis of variance demonstrated that population attitude depended on the year and environmental conditions. Principal component analysis revealed significant similarities among some spontaneous populations and cultivars. The relationship between environmental conditions and agronomic traits revealed the influence of altitude, soil texture and minimum temperature on forage production, seed yield, and the architecture of plants, respectively. In addition, the local adapted ecotypes originating from Bizerte, Sidi Nsir, and Rass Rajel attained greater agronomic potentialities than control cultivars and were of considerable economic interest for the improvement of Tunisian tall fescue.

Genotype multiply environment interactions in progeny from a barley cross. 1. Patterns of response among progeny lines for grain yield and time to anthesis

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 619 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Jackson ◽  
DE Byth ◽  
RP Johnston ◽  
KS Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Variance Component ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Ge Interaction ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Relationship

Barley progeny lines (201) derived from F2 plants of the cross cv. Triumph x cv. Grimmett were evaluated at 7 environments in Queensland. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used to examine the variation in response for grain yield. The relationship between days to anthesis and these responses was investigated. The variance component for genotype x environment (GE) interaction for grain yield was of similar magnitude to that for line main effects. Groups of lines formed using cluster analysis exhibited substantial differences in ranking across environments, indicating that selection would be affected by choice of test environments. The components of grain yield, harvest index (HI), and total dry matter (TDM) had large variation for GE interaction. However, for days to anthesis, the variance component for GE interaction was small compared with that for the line main effects. There were significant differences in mean days to anthesis for groups of lines that were classified on the basis of grain yield. Early flowering was associated with high grain yield in some environments but with low grain yield in the 2 irrigated environments. The first component from principal component analysis of grain yield was only weakly related to days to anthesis. This component appeared to be related to performance in favourable environments, suggesting that an important source of variation in grain yield among the progeny lines was associated with their responsiveness to favourable conditions.

Susceptibility of almond (Prunus dulcis) cultivars to twig canker and shoot blight caused by Diaporthe amygdali

Plant Disease ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Beluzán ◽  
Xavier Miarnau ◽  
Laura Torguet ◽  
Lourdes Zazurca ◽  
Paloma Abad-Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Shoot Blight ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Cultivar Susceptibility ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Twenty-five almond cultivars were assessed for susceptibility to Diaporthe amygdali, causal agent of twig canker and shoot blight disease. In laboratory experiments, growing twigs were inoculated with four D. amygdali isolates. Moreover, growing shoots of almond cultivars grafted onto INRA ‘GF-677’ rootstock were used in four-year field inoculations with one D. amygdali isolate. In both type of experiments, inoculum consisted of agar plugs with mycelium, which were inserted underneath the bark and the lesion lengths caused by the fungus were measured. Necrotic lesions were observed in the inoculated almond cultivars both in laboratory and field tests, confirming the susceptibility of all the evaluated cultivars to all the inoculated isolates of D. amygdali. Cultivars were grouped as susceptible or very susceptible according to a cluster analysis. The relationship between some agronomic traits and cultivar susceptibility was also investigated. Blooming and ripening times were found relevant variables to explain cultivars performance related to D. amygdali susceptibility. Late and very late blooming, and early and medium ripening cultivars were highly susceptible to D. amygdali. Our results may provide valuable information that could assist in ongoing breeding programs of this crop and additionally in the selection of cultivars for new almond plantations.

Evaluation of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Hybrids Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Helia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (63) ◽  
pp. 175-187
Author(s):  
Natalija Markova Ruzdik ◽  
Ilija Karov ◽  
Sasa Mitrev ◽  
Biljana Gjorgjieva ◽  
Biljana Kovacevik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Main Components

AbstractEvaluation and characterization of sunflower hybrids using morphological, physiological and biochemical data are necessary and essential in sunflower breeding programs. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the productive possibilities of some sunflower hybrids grown in Macedonian environmental conditions. The experiment was carried out during the period 2013 and 2014 on the research field of the Faculty of Agriculture, “Goce Delchev” University – Shtip, in Ovche Pole locality, Republic of Macedonia. Total 20 sunflower hybrids were used as an experimental material. The trial was arranged as randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The average content of oil and oleic acid were 45.6 and 65.2%, respectively. The highest seed yield from all sunflower hybrids was obtained for the hybrid NLK12M144 (3,344 kg ha–1) and the lowest for hybrid NLK12S126 (2,244 kg ha–1). Cluster analysis classified the sunflower hybrids into four groups based on agronomic traits and seed yield. Most of the hybrids were included in cluster I and III (7 hybrids) followed by cluster IV. Using principal component analysis two main components have been extracted, with eigenvalue greater than one. They account for 72.99% of the variability in the original data. Only four hybrids had positive values for both main components (NLK12M144, NLK12S070, NLK12S125 and NLN12N011 DMR). The results from this study can be used to identify the best sunflower hybrids grown under Macedonian environmental conditions and to select the superior hybrids for future exploitation.

Progress in development of spotted medics (Medicago arabica L. Huds.) for Mediterranean farming systems

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramakrishnan M. Nair ◽  
Steve J. Hughes ◽  
David M. Peck ◽  
Graham Crocker ◽  
Simon Ellwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Days To Flowering

Spotted medics (Medicago arabica) have become naturalised in Australia, but the spiny nature of their pods has prevented commercial release of any cultivar. Fifty-eight accessions representing Medicago arabica in the Australian Medicago Genetic Resources Collection were grown as spaced plants at Turretfield, South Australia, and the variation for important agronomic traits was studied. There was large variation for traits including days to flowering, dry matter production, pod and seed yield, and pod spininess. Principal component and cluster analyses conducted for 13 traits revealed 5 clusters. One of the clusters identified comprised accessions originating from Greece and Cyprus, which were found to have high agronomic potential. The study has helped in identifying the relationship among traits, namely pod spininess, days to flowering, dry matter yield, and pod and seed yield, which would be useful to breeders for future breeding and selection programs. A sward trial at Moree, New South Wales, comprising a selected cohort of spotted medic accessions, enabled the identification of 2 early flowering and high dry matter yielding accessions; however, both exhibited spiny pods. These 2 accessions were crossed with a smooth-podded accession, and the F1 plants were confirmed using a microsatellite marker. Days to flowering showed a continuous pattern of variation in the F2, suggesting that the trait is quantitatively inherited, whereas segregation ratio revealed that a single recessive gene controlled the smooth pod trait. Early flowering, smooth-podded F2 plants were selected for cultivar development.

Analysis of seed production and its association with forage production and agronomic traits in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) under different moisture conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 657 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Saeidnia ◽  
M. M. Majidi ◽  
A. Mirlohi
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Stress Environments

Genetic analysis of seed production and the effect of water stress on seed and forage production have not been addressed simultaneously in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). Thirty-six genotypes of orchardgrass were clonally propagated and evaluated in the field under two moisture environments (normal and water stress) during 3 years (2013–15). A high degree of variation was observed among genotypes for all of the measured traits. Water stress had a negative effect on seed weight per plant and dry matter biomass per plant, and it reduced genotypic variation for most of the traits. A significant and positive correlation was found between seed weight per plant and dry matter biomass per plant, which suggested that simultaneous selection for both traits is possible in normal as well as water-stress environments. The results also indicated that traits explaining seed and forage production variability were not exactly the same in water-stress and non-stress environments. Therefore, indirect selection based on seed weight and dry matter biomass components under normal and water-stress conditions may result in genotypes with different performances. In both normal and water-stress environments, some genotypes were identified as superior with respect to high seed weight and dry matter biomass per plant. These genotypes can be used for further studies to improve seed weight and dry matter biomass per plant, simultaneously.

scholarly journals Visual Clustering Analysis of some traditional Mango (Mangifera indica L.) varieties of Murshidabad District, West Bengal using Clust Vis web tool

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitu De ◽  
Subhasree Dutta ◽  
Susanta Ray ◽  
Santi Ranjan Dey
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Web Tool ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
High Data ◽  
Visual Clustering ◽  
Data Density ◽  
The Relationship

A clustergram or a heatmap is one of several techniques that directly visualize data without the need for dimensionality reduction. Heatmap is a representation of data in the form of a map or diagram in which data values are represented as colours. Cluster heatmaps have high data density, allowing them to compact large amounts of information into a small space. “ClustVis”, is a web tool for visualizing clustering of multivariate data using Principal Component Analysis and Heatmap. Using this web tool, genetic relationships among the traditional mango (Mangifera indica L.) varieties can be visualized. In this investigation ten (10) indigenous mango varieties were selected. These were elite varieties of Murshidabad viz. Anaras, Bhabani, Champa, Dilpasand, Kalabati, Kohinoor, Kohitoor, Molamjam. The morphological and biological characters were analyzed using this tool. Analysis and assessment of the current status of mango genetic resources will be important for ascertaining the relationship among traditional varieties. This data may be used for appropriate conservation and sustainable utilization measures. This information may also be needed to carry out breeding programs to develop improved cultivars for sustainable livelihoods of local communities.

scholarly journals Verticillium wilt evaluation of olive breeding selections under semi-controlled conditions

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Serrano ◽  
María Dolores Rodríguez Jurado ◽  
Belén Román ◽  
José Bejarano-Alcázar ◽  
Raúl de la Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verticillium Wilt ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Intensity Index ◽  
Olive Breeding ◽  
Breeding Selections

Genetic resistance is the most recommended measure to control verticillium wilt in olive (VWO), a vascular disease caused by the soil-borne fungus Verticillium dahliae, which has promoted in recent years the development of olive breeding programs aiming at obtaining new resistant and highly yielding cultivars. Screening has been commonly performed under controlled condition in grow chamber after artificial inoculation at the early stage of breeding programs, but additional evaluation is necessary to confirm previous results as well as testing for additional agronomic traits. In this work, 20 breeding selections initially classified as resistant to the disease have been re-evaluated in artificially infested soils under natural environmental conditions. The maximum disease incidence (52.6%) was reached at 26 months after planting and the disease intensity index reached the maximum value of 38.5% at 29 months after plant. Nine breeding selections consistently confirm previous results of resistance to V. dahliae infection but contradictory results, compared to previous evaluation under controlled condition in grow chamber, were obtained for the rest of selections tested, which underlines the need of long-term experimentation under natural environmental conditions. Additional positive agronomic traits such as early bearing was also observed for some of the resistant selections, while variability for plant vigor was found. Some of them seems highly promising for releasing as new cultivars once characterization for other important agronomic traits is completed in future works.

scholarly journals Additional variability in engineered Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) exposed to alpha-spin nano particles

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-131
Author(s):  
Hauwa Aliyu Kana ◽  
Emmanuel Hala Kwon-Ndung
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Significant Difference

Field study was conducted at the Botanical Garden, Federal University of Lafia, between August and October 2017 to investigate the effect of alpha nano spin on nine advanced varieties of cowpea obtained from Institute of Agriculture Research (IAR), Zaria and one local variety from Nasarawa Agricultural Development Program (NADP), Lafia which served as the control. These seeds were exposed to alpha-spin nano-particles at four different periods; 20 mins, 40 mins and 60 mins termed as T1, T2 & T3 respectively while the untreated seeds 0 mins were termed T0 (control). The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. Data were collected on agronomic traits, yield components and grain yield, which were subjected to Analysis of Variance and Principal Component Analysis. Laboratory studies were also carried out to determine the pattern of Dry matter accumulation at two weeks interval for six weeks. Results of harvested seeds revealed that Sampea 5, inoculated at 40 mins treatment produced black seeds colour from brown seed colour parent. Results also showed a significant difference among treatments and varieties for mean plant height, the mean number of leaves, mean number of pods and mean pod length. Total dry matter accumulation of leaves, 100 disc leaves and stems over time varied among treatments and varieties. The first three Principal Components (PCs) accounted for 83.1% of the total variation implying their high selection stability. The detailed results are presented and discussed in this paper as a measure of the future selection of useful variants of the improved cowpea for sustainable cowpea production.

Agronomic characterization of sunflower cultivars for animal feeding in tropical conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. e37050
Author(s):  
Saulo Almeida Sousa ◽  
Vagner Maximino Leite ◽  
Vanessa de Oliveira Almeida ◽  
Douglas dos Santos Pina ◽  
Luana Marta de Almeida Rufino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Flowering Rate ◽  
Animal Feeding

This study was developed to examine morpho-agronomic traits of 18 sunflower cultivars and identify superior cultivars in terms of grain yield, forage quality, or both, for animal feeding. Twenty-two morpho-agronomic traits related to plant development and architecture; earliness of maturity; grain yield (achenes); dry matter yield; and dry matter content were evaluated. Cultivars Hélio 253, Hélio 358, Embrapa 122, BRS 321, and Hélio 360 showed inflorescence at the final stage. Aguará 4 showed the lowest flowering rate, characterizing it as late-maturing. For grain yield, cultivars Charrua, Olisun 3, BRS 321, Paraíso 103CL, Paraíso 65, Aguará 6, and CF 101 are recommended, as they showed the highest achene yields (average: 1,541.67 to 2,148.81 kg.ha−1, respectively). Cultivars Charrua, Hélio 251, Olisun 3, Hélio 360, Paraíso 55, and Paraíso 103CL exhibited higher dry matter yields (9,550.93 to 11,789.91 kg ha−1) and were thus indicated for forage production. Cultivars Charrua, Olisun 3, BRS 321, Paraíso 103CL, Paraíso 65, Aguará 6, and CF 101 are recommended for grain yield, for the diet of monogastric animals; Charrua, Hélio 251, Olisun 3, Hélio 360, Paraíso 55, and Paraíso 103CL for forage yield, for ruminant feeding; and Charrua, Olisun 3, and Paraíso 103CL for both purposes.

GENETIC VARIATION AND CORRELATION OF AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN TALL FESCUE (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) GERMPLASM

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. A. de ARAUJO ◽  
B. E. COULMAN ◽  
M. A. FARIS ◽  
C. WROBEL
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Genotypic Correlations

Sixty-seven accessions of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) were studied for total genetic variability and phenotypic and genotypic correlations among eight traits. The traits were annual dry matter yield, height, spreading ability, volume, first cut recovery, second cut recovery, incidence of diseases and number of days to heading. Highly significant differences existed among accessions for all characters. The ratios of genetic to phenotypic variances were relatively high in magnitude for most of the traits, except first cut recovery and disease score, indicating that most of the characters were mainly under genetic control. However, the ratios of genotype × year interactions to phenotypic variances were quite large for some characters, particularly second cut recovery. Genotypic and phenotypic correlations were obtained between the different characters measured. Genotypic correlations were slightly higher than phenotypic correlations for most of the traits. Annual dry matter yield was significantly and positively correlated, with all traits measured with the exception of disease incidence where this association was negative. Selection for yield using heading date and height as an index may be possible in the development of superior tall fescue cultivars. Certain accessions appeared to have good yielding capacity, being superior to the check cultivar, Alta, in this character. These accessions were also as winterhardy as the check, and thus could prove useful as source material in a breeding program.Key words: Phenotypic correlation, genotypic correlation, genotype × year interactions

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