scholarly journals Visual Clustering Analysis of some traditional Mango (Mangifera indica L.) varieties of Murshidabad District, West Bengal using Clust Vis web tool

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitu De ◽  
Subhasree Dutta ◽  
Susanta Ray ◽  
Santi Ranjan Dey
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Web Tool ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
High Data ◽  
Visual Clustering ◽  
Data Density ◽  
The Relationship

A clustergram or a heatmap is one of several techniques that directly visualize data without the need for dimensionality reduction. Heatmap is a representation of data in the form of a map or diagram in which data values are represented as colours. Cluster heatmaps have high data density, allowing them to compact large amounts of information into a small space. “ClustVis”, is a web tool for visualizing clustering of multivariate data using Principal Component Analysis and Heatmap. Using this web tool, genetic relationships among the traditional mango (Mangifera indica L.) varieties can be visualized. In this investigation ten (10) indigenous mango varieties were selected. These were elite varieties of Murshidabad viz. Anaras, Bhabani, Champa, Dilpasand, Kalabati, Kohinoor, Kohitoor, Molamjam. The morphological and biological characters were analyzed using this tool. Analysis and assessment of the current status of mango genetic resources will be important for ascertaining the relationship among traditional varieties. This data may be used for appropriate conservation and sustainable utilization measures. This information may also be needed to carry out breeding programs to develop improved cultivars for sustainable livelihoods of local communities.

scholarly journals Agronomic Evaluation and Genetic Variation of Tunisian Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinaceaSchreb.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Chtourou-Ghorbel ◽  
M. Chakroun ◽  
H. Elazreg ◽  
N. Trifi-Farah
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Ge Interaction ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Genotype X Environment ◽  
The Relationship

Nine important agronomic traits were used to assess the genetic diversity of Tunisian tall fescue and to investigate the extent of genotype X environment (GE) interaction and its implications for breeding programs. These traits were studied for three consecutive years in thirty-five spontaneous populations and three cultivars. Panicle size contributed to seeds production, while the plant height at harvest and dry matter yield were selected for forage performance. Analysis of variance demonstrated that population attitude depended on the year and environmental conditions. Principal component analysis revealed significant similarities among some spontaneous populations and cultivars. The relationship between environmental conditions and agronomic traits revealed the influence of altitude, soil texture and minimum temperature on forage production, seed yield, and the architecture of plants, respectively. In addition, the local adapted ecotypes originating from Bizerte, Sidi Nsir, and Rass Rajel attained greater agronomic potentialities than control cultivars and were of considerable economic interest for the improvement of Tunisian tall fescue.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Iranian Pomegranate Cultivars Using Fruit Morphological Characteristics and AFLP Markers

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra NEMATI ◽  
Ali TEHRANIFAR ◽  
Mohammad FARSI ◽  
Amin MIRSHAMSI KAKHKI ◽  
Hossein NEMATI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Aflp Data ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
The Relationship

The present research evaluated the diversity of a number of Iranian pomegranate cultivars using fruit morphological characteristics and AFLP markers. Thirty-one pomegranate cultivars were collected from Yazd Pomegranate Collection in Iran to study their diversity. Seven AFLP primer combinations were used to amplify a total of 112 polymorphic fragments (47.26%). By use of AFLPs, a low genetic diversity level was detected among cultivars. The relationship between fruit characteristics was analyzed using the principal component analysis (PCA). The cluster analysis based on both fruit characteristics and AFLP data indicated that cultivars were not grouped according to their geographic origins. Moreover, the correlation between the diversity matrix based on fruit characteristics and Dice’s genetic similarity coefficient was insignificant (r=0.06). The results obtained from this study can improve the conservation and management of pomegranate germplasm resources and could be helpful in optimizing breeding programs.

scholarly journals SNP-Based Genotyping Provides Insight Into the West Asian Origin of Russian Local Goats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana E. Deniskova ◽  
Arsen V. Dotsev ◽  
Marina I. Selionova ◽  
Henry Reyer ◽  
Johann Sölkner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Altai Mountain ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
High Level

Specific local environmental and sociocultural conditions have led to the creation of various goat populations in Russia. National goat diversity includes breeds that have been selected for down and mohair production traits as well as versatile local breeds for which pastoralism is the main management system. Effective preservation and breeding programs for local goat breeds are missing due to the lack of DNA-based data. In this work, we analyzed the genetic diversity and population structure of Russian local goats, including Altai Mountain, Altai White Downy, Dagestan Downy, Dagestan Local, Karachaev, Orenburg, and Soviet Mohair goats, which were genotyped with the Illumina Goat SNP50 BeadChip. In addition, we addressed genetic relationships between local and global goat populations obtained from the AdaptMap project. Russian goats showed a high level of genetic diversity. Although a decrease in historical effective population sizes was revealed, the recent effective population sizes estimated for three generations ago were larger than 100 in all studied populations. The mean runs of homozygosity (ROH) lengths ranged from 79.42 to 183.94 Mb, and the average ROH number varied from 18 to 41. Short ROH segments (<2 Mb) were predominant in all breeds, while the longest ROH class (>16 Mb) was the least frequent. Principal component analysis, Neighbor-Net graph, and Admixture clustering revealed several patterns in Russian local goats. First, a separation of the Karachaev breed from other populations was observed. Moreover, genetic connections between the Orenburg and Altai Mountain breeds were suggested and the Dagestan breeds were found to be admixed with the Soviet Mohair breed. Neighbor-Net analysis and clustering of local and global breeds demonstrated the close genetic relations between Russian local and Turkish breeds that probably resulted from past admixture events through postdomestication routes. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the genetic relationships of goats originating in West Asia and Eurasia and may be used to design breeding programs for local goats to ensure their effective conservation and proper management.

scholarly journals Reproductive Compatibility in Capsicum is not Reflected in Genetic or Phenotypic Similarity Between Species Complexes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Parry ◽  
Yen-wei Wang ◽  
Shih-wen Lin ◽  
Derek W. Barchenger
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Material ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Single Sequence

AbstractWild relatives of domesticated Capsicum represent substantial genetic diversity and thus sources of traits of potential interest. Furthermore, the hybridization compatibility between members of Capsicum species complexes remains unresolved. Improving our understanding of the relationship between Capsicum species relatedness and their ability to form hybrids is a highly pertinent issue. Through the development of novel interspecific hybrids in this study, we demonstrate interspecies compatibility is not necessarily reflected in relatedness according to established Capsicum genepool complexes. Based on a phylogeny constructed by genotyping using single sequence repeat (SSR) markers and with a portion of the waxy locus, and through principal component analysis (PCA) of phenotypic data, we clarify the relationships among wild and domesticated Capsicum species. Together, the phylogeny and hybridization studies provide evidence for the misidentification of a number of species from the World Vegetable Center genebank included in this study. The World Vegetable Center holds the largest collection of Capsicum genetic material globally, therefore this may reflect a wider issue in the misidentification of Capsicum wild relatives. The findings presented here provide insight into an apparent disconnect between compatibility and relatedness in the Capsicum genus, which will be valuable in identifying candidates for future breeding programs.

scholarly journals Reproductive compatibility in Capsicum is not necessarily reflected in genetic or phenotypic similarity between species complexes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0243689
Author(s):  
Catherine Parry ◽  
Yen-Wei Wang ◽  
Shih-wen Lin ◽  
Derek W. Barchenger
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Material ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Simple Sequence

Wild relatives of domesticated Capsicum represent substantial genetic diversity and thus sources of traits of potential interest. Furthermore, the hybridization compatibility between members of Capsicum species complexes remains unresolved. Improving our understanding of the relationship between Capsicum species relatedness and their ability to form hybrids is a highly pertinent issue. Through the development of novel interspecific hybrids in this study, we demonstrate interspecies compatibility is not necessarily reflected in relatedness according to established Capsicum genepool complexes. Based on a phylogeny constructed by genotyping using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and with a portion of the waxy locus, and through principal component analysis (PCA) of phenotypic data, we clarify the relationships among wild and domesticated Capsicum species. Together, the phylogeny and hybridization studies provide evidence for the misidentification of a number of species from the World Vegetable Center genebank included in this study. The World Vegetable Center holds the largest collection of Capsicum genetic material globally, therefore this may reflect a wider issue in the misidentification of Capsicum wild relatives. The findings presented here provide insight into an apparent disconnect between compatibility and relatedness in the Capsicum genus, which will be valuable in identifying candidates for future breeding programs.

What Does Human Development Index Rating Mean in Terms of Individualism/Collectivism?

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria José Sotelo ◽  
Luis Gimeno
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship

The authors explore an alternative way of analyzing the relationship between human development and individualism. The method is based on the first principal component of Hofstede's individualism index in the Human Development Index rating domain. Results suggest that the general idea that greater wealth brings more individualism is only true for countries with high levels of development, while for middle or low levels of development the inverse is true.

HUBUNGAN KEPADATAN BIVALVIA DENGAN PARAMETER LINGKUNGAN DI PESISIR TANJUNG PURA KABUPATEN BANGKA TENGAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
Sudiyar . ◽  
Okto Supratman ◽  
Indra Ambalika Syari
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Random System ◽  
System Method ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Anadara Granosa

The destructive fishing feared will give a negative impact on the survival of this organism. This study aims to analyze the density of bivalves, distribution patterns, and to analyze the relationship of bivalves with environmental parameters in Tanjung Pura village. This research was conducted in March 2019. The systematic random system method was used for collecting data of bivalves. The collecting Data retrieval divided into five research stasions. The results obtained 6 types of bivalves from 3 families and the total is 115 individuals. The highest bivalve density is 4.56 ind / m², and the lowest bivalves are located at station 2,1.56 ind / m²,  The pattern of bivalve distribution in the Coastal of Tanjung Pura Village is grouping. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that Anadara granosa species was positively correlated with TSS r = 0.890, Dosinia contusa, Anomalocardia squamosa, Mererix meretrix, Placamen isabellina, and Tellinella spengleri were positively correlated with currents r = 0.933.

COVID-19 in children: Pathogenesis and current status

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Frenkel ◽  
Fernando Gomez ◽  
Joseph A Bellanti
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Initial Description ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Since its initial description in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly progressed into a worldwide pandemic, which has affected millions of lives. Unlike the disease in adults, the vast majority of children with COVID-19 have mild symptoms and are largely spared from severe respiratory disease. However, thereare children who have significant respiratory disease, and some may develop a hyperinflammatory response similar to thatseen in adults with COVID-19 and in children with Kawasaki disease (KD), which has been termed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).Objective: The purpose of this report was to examine the current evidence that supports the etiopathogenesis of COVID-19 in children and the relationship of COVID-19 with KD and MIS-C as a basis for a better understanding of the clinical course, diagnosis, and management of these clinically perplexing conditions.Results: The pathogenesis of COVID-19 is carried out in two distinct but overlapping phases of COVID-19: the first triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) itself and the second by the host immune response. Children with KD have fewer of the previously described COVID-19–associated KD features with less prominent acute respiratory distress syndrome and shock than children with MIS-C.Conclusion: COVID-19 in adults usually includes severe respiratory symptoms and pathology, with a high mortality. Ithas become apparent that children are infected as easily as adults but are more often asymptomatic and have milder diseasebecause of their immature immune systems. Although children are largely spared from severe respiratory disease, they canpresent with a SARS-CoV-2–associated MIS-C similar to KD.

High-Density Memristor-CMOS Ternary Logic Family

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyuan Wang ◽  
Pengfei Zhou ◽  
Jason Eshraghian ◽  
Chih-Yang Lin ◽  
Herbert Ho-Ching Iu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Switching Speed ◽  
High Data ◽  
Fast Switching ◽  
Data Density ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
High Transconductance ◽  
Logic Functions ◽  
Magnitude Improvement

<div>This paper presents the first experimental demonstration</div><div>of a ternary memristor-CMOS logic family. We systematically</div><div>design, simulate and experimentally verify the primitive</div><div>logic functions: the ternary AND, OR and NOT gates. These are then used to build combinational ternary NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR gates, as well as data handling ternary MAX and MIN gates. Our simulations are performed using a 50-nm process which are verified with in-house fabricated indium-tin-oxide memristors, optimized for fast switching, high transconductance, and low current leakage. We obtain close to an order of magnitude improvement in data density over conventional CMOS logic, and a reduction of switching speed by a factor of 13 over prior state-of-the-art ternary memristor results. We anticipate extensions of this work can realize practical implementation where high data density is of critical importance.</div>

scholarly journals Nonverbal Semantics Test (NVST)—A Novel Diagnostic Tool to Assess Semantic Processing Deficits: Application to Persons with Aphasia after Cerebrovascular Accident

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Katharina Hogrefe ◽  
Georg Goldenberg ◽  
Ralf Glindemann ◽  
Madleen Klonowski ◽  
Wolfram Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Verbal Abilities ◽  
Verbal Tasks ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
The Relationship

Assessment of semantic processing capacities often relies on verbal tasks which are, however, sensitive to impairments at several language processing levels. Especially for persons with aphasia there is a strong need for a tool that measures semantic processing skills independent of verbal abilities. Furthermore, in order to assess a patient’s potential for using alternative means of communication in cases of severe aphasia, semantic processing should be assessed in different nonverbal conditions. The Nonverbal Semantics Test (NVST) is a tool that captures semantic processing capacities through three tasks—Semantic Sorting, Drawing, and Pantomime. The main aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between the NVST and measures of standard neurolinguistic assessment. Fifty-one persons with aphasia caused by left hemisphere brain damage were administered the NVST as well as the Aachen Aphasia Test (AAT). A principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted across all AAT and NVST subtests. The analysis resulted in a two-factor model that captured 69% of the variance of the original data, with all linguistic tasks loading high on one factor and the NVST subtests loading high on the other. These findings suggest that nonverbal tasks assessing semantic processing capacities should be administered alongside standard neurolinguistic aphasia tests.

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