scholarly journals Seed and Embryo Germination in Ardisia crenata

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Tezuka ◽  
Hisa Yokoyama ◽  
Hideyuki Tanaka ◽  
Shuji Shiozaki ◽  
Masayuki Oda
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Embryo Germination ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Temperature Water ◽  
Good Germination

Ardisia crenata is an evergreen shrub with attractive bright red berries. Although this species is usually propagated by seed, the seeds take a long time to germinate with conventional sowing methods. We investigated the germination capacity of seeds and embryos collected in different months and the effects of seed storage conditions, germination temperature, water permeability of the seed coat, and the endosperm on seed germination. Seeds and embryos collected in late September or later showed good germination rates. Seeds germinated more rapidly after longer periods of storage at low temperature (approximately 5°C), and those stored in dry conditions showed lower emergence frequency than those stored in wet conditions. Seeds germinated at 15–30°C, but not at 5–10°C. Removal of the seed coat enhanced water uptake and seed germination. Seeds with various proportions of the removed seed coat were sown on a medium supplemented with sucrose. The germination frequency increased as the size of the remaining endosperm decreased. However, the opposite results were obtained when seeds were sown on a medium without sucrose. We concluded that the optimal temperature of 25°C is the most critical factor for seed germination in A. crenata.

scholarly journals Seed Longevity of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda Oliveira Torres ◽  
Robério Anastácio Ferreira ◽  
Laura Catharine Dória Prata ◽  
Renata Silva-Mann
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Embryonic Axes ◽  
Storage Chamber ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Dry Conditions

Abstract: Seed storage under controlled temperature and humidity maintains the viability and the vigor of seeds for a long time while preserving their longevity. Ex situ conservation in a seed storage chamber is perfect for simulating the cool dry conditions that are associated with long-term seed storage. This helps to preserve the availability of seeds for the recovery of degraded areas and to ensure a supply of propagating material for various purposes in silvicultural production, or as raw materials for biotechnological use. The present work evaluated the physical and physiological quality of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong seeds from an ex situ collection that was kept in a seed storage chamber at 6 °C ± 3 °C and with 60% ± 5% of RH in waterproof packaging. The water content, the physical quality by X-ray tests, germination, electrical conductivity, and the integrity and quality of RNA that was extracted from the embryonic axes were all determined. It was possible to identify full, damaged, malformed, translucent, and empty seeds. The seeds that had been stored for 1, 5, 9, and 10 years presented 78, 82, 42, and 38% of normal seedlings, respectively, while the lots of 6 and 7 years presented 0 and 6%. The seed storage conditions were the same for all of the lots. A water content higher than 6% influenced the quality of the seeds. The E. contortisiliquum seeds demonstrated high longevity. They could be stored for up to 10 years under controlled conditions.

scholarly journals Using Seed Volatiles as a Possible Indicator for Seed Deterioration during Storage

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 526D-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Eric E. Roos
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Moisture Level ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
Seed Deterioration ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Moisture Conditions

All kinds of plant seeds evolve volatile compounds during storage. However, a reliable deterioration forecast method is still not established using volatile evolution, even though some preliminary work indicated a relationship between volatile evolution and seed deterioration (Fielding and Goldsworthy, 1982; Hailstones and Smith, 1989; Zhang et al., 1993). Here we review some of the previous work concerning seed volatiles and present some more recent research on the effects of seed moisture content on deterioration. We found that volatile evolution from seeds was controlled by seed moisture level. Generally, seeds tended to evolve more hexanal and pentanal under extremely dry conditions (below 25% equilibrium RH). The production of hexanal and pentanal decreased with increasing seed moisture level. On the other hand, methanol and ethanol increased with increasing seed moisture. All of the volatile compounds accumulated in the headspace of the seed storage container during storage. Therefore, it should be possible to use different volatiles to indicate the deterioration of seeds stored under different moisture levels. We suggest that hexanal may be used for seed assessing deterioration under dry storage conditions (below 25% equilibrium RH), while ethanol may be used for seeds stored under higher moisture conditions (above 25% equilibrium RH). [References: Fielding, J.L. and Goldsworthy, A. (1982) Seed Sci. Technol. 10: 277–282. Hailstones, M.D. and Smith, M.T. (1989) Seed Sci. Technol. 17: 649–658. Zhang et al. (1993) Seed Sci. Technol. 21:359–373.]

scholarly journals Proanthocyanidins in seed coat tegmen and endospermic cap inhibit seed germination in Sapium sebiferum

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faheem Afzal Shah ◽  
Jun Ni ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Qiaojian Wang ◽  
Wenbo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Sapium Sebiferum ◽  
Exogenous Application ◽  
Catabolic Genes ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Aba Biosynthesis

Sapium sebiferum, an ornamental and bio-energetic plant, is propagated by seed. Its seed coat contains germination inhibitors and takes a long time to stratify for germination. In this study, we discovered that the S. sebiferum seed coat (especially the tegmen) and endospermic cap (ESC) contained high levels of proanthocyanidins (PAs). Seed coat and ESC removal induced seed germination, whereas exogenous application with seed coat extract (SCE) or PAs significantly inhibited this process, suggesting that PAs in the seed coat played a major role in regulating seed germination in S. sebiferum. We further investigated how SCE affected the expression of the seed-germination-related genes. The results showed that treatment with SCE upregulated the transcription level of the dormancy-related gene, gibberellins (GAs) suppressing genes, abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis and signalling genes. SCE decreased the transcript levels of ABA catabolic genes, GAs biosynthesis genes, reactive oxygen species genes and nitrates-signalling genes. Exogenous application of nordihydroguaiaretic acid, gibberellic acid, hydrogen peroxide and potassium nitrate recovered seed germination in seed-coat-extract supplemented medium. In this study, we highlighted the role of PAs, and their interactions with the other germination regulators, in the regulation of seed dormancy in S. sebiferum.

Seed Germination and Viability in African Teak, Milicia excelsa (Welw.) C.C. Berg- (Moraceae) - a promising timber tree

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-306
Author(s):  
T. Sabu ◽  
◽  
Chitra Chandrasenan Rajeswary ◽  
S.M. Surayya Muhammed ◽  
C. Anilkumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Forest Plantation ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
Forest Division ◽  
Timber Tree ◽  
Milicia Excelsa

The occurrence of Milicia excelsa (Welw.) C.C. Berg, native to tropical Africa, commonly known as African Teak is reported in the forest plantation area of Alimukku, Punalur Forest Division, Kollam District, in Kerala (Sabu et al, 2018). An attempt is made to popularize and conserve this highly promising tree having multipurpose use, by raising seedlings through standardized seed germination protocols and evolving suitable seed storage conditions.

scholarly journals Seed Germination and Storage of the Endangered Species Manglietia crassipes Y. W. Law (Magnoliaceae)

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Ai-Hua Wang ◽  
Xiao-Ling Yu ◽  
Yan-Yan Liu ◽  
Shu-Gang Chen ◽  
Fa-Guo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Germination Characteristics

Manglietia crassipes, a critically endangered species narrowly distributed on Mount Dayao in Guangxi, China, is also a species of ornamental interest whose variability has not been explored. Key factors leading to its endangerment have also not been studied. Here, two experiments were conducted to test the effects of different plant growth regulators and different storage conditions on germination characteristics of M. crassipes seeds. Fruit morphology was measured, and germination characteristics of fresh mature seeds were tested in order to assess natural seed vigor. Seeds were soaked in distilled water (control), or gibberellic acid (GA3), 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) or indoleacetic acid (IAA) solutions of different concentrations, for 48 h to determine their effects on seed germination. In addition, the effects of different seed storage conditions (constant 4 °C, −7 °C, −20 °C, or 25 °C for 100 days, wet stratification at 4 °C for 100 days) on seed germination were investigated. Results showed that the abortive rate of the mature fruits was high (28.9%) and fresh natural seeds had a low germination rate (G) and germination index (GI). Seed germination was inhibited with 6-BA at all concentrations, but only at less than 100 m·L−1 IAA; otherwise, IAA slightly promoted seed germination. GA3 broke seed dormancy and significantly accelerated seed germination by improving G, GI and initial germination time (IGT), especially over 2500 mg·L−1. The viability of seeds declined no matter how they were stored. However, 4 °C wet stratification storage was preferable for seed vigor and germination power. Our results suggest that the high abortive rate of fruits, low germination of the natural seed, seed dormancy and its intolerance to storage, contributed to the endangerment of M. crassipes. GA3 can break M. crassipes seed dormancy, which can be a benefit for future ornamental breeding and further protection or conservation.

EFFECTS OF STORAGE CONDITIONS AND PRESENCE OF FRUITING BRACTS ON THE GERMINATION OF ATRIPLEX HALIMUS AND SALSOLA VERMICULATA

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. OSMAN ◽  
F. GHASSALI
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Atriplex Halimus ◽  
Different Temperatures

Two shrub species, Atriplex halimus L. and Salsola vermiculata L., are considered useful for rehabilitation of degraded rangelands in west Asia and north Africa. They can be established from direct seeding and are capable of self-sowing. In this study, seed storage at different temperatures and the influence of fruiting bracts on seed germination were examined for the two species during two seasons. Fruits (utricles) were stored at 20–22°C (room temperature), 0°C or −22°C. Germination tests were carried out after 33, 56, 90, 152, 272 and 397 d in storage in the first season and after 44, 76, 104, 170, 288 and 412 d in the second season. Seeds were germinated in their fruiting bracts or after bract removal. Bract removal significantly improved seed germination of both shrubs regardless of storage temperature. For S. vermiculata the increase in germination was in the range of 1.3- to 14.7-fold compared with values for the intact fruit in Season 1 and 0.5 to 3.8 in Season 2. Similarly the ranges for A. halimus were 0.5- to 4.2-fold and 0.7- to 5.3-fold in the two seasons respectively. The effect of cold storage was greater on Salsola than on Atriplex. The reduction of the storage temperature from 21°C to 0°C and −22°C increased the longevity of S. vermiculata seeds by 2.8–46.6 times in Season 1 and by 2.9–2.6 times in Season 2. There was little or no effect on the longevity of A. halimus. A leachate prepared by soaking fruiting bracts from S. vermiculata significantly depressed germination (p < 0.01), the effect being greater on Salsola seeds (20% reduction) than on Atriplex seeds (8% reduction). A leachate from A. halimus produced a slight but non-significant reduction in germination.

scholarly journals Effect of polyethylene glycol 6000 and storage period on seed quality of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Astiti Rahayu ◽  
Triani Hardiyati ◽  
Ponendi Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
And Storage

Increased productivity of cocoa needs high quality of cocoa seeds which are generally provided by certified seed gardens located far from smallholders farm, where seed delivery takes long time and may reduce physiological quality of seeds. One effort to maintain the seed quality is by treatment the seeds with polyethylene glycol6000 (PEG 6000). This study was aimed to study the interaction of PEG 6000 concentration and storage period on cocoa seed quality, and to determine the best concentration of PEG 6000 and storage period to maintain cocoa seed quality. The research was conducted in seed storage room, seed laboratory and green houseof PPPPTK, Cianjur. The experimental design used was a factorial completely randomized design and each combination treatment repeated three times. The first factor was concentration of PEG 6000 of 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60%, and the second factor was the storage period of 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, and 12 weeks. The results showed that concentration of PEG 60% with three weeks storage period was able to minimize the number of moldy seeds. The concentration of PEG 20%, 40%, and 60% were able to prevent seed germination in storage until six weeks. Concentration of PEG 6000 20% was able to maintain moisture content, seed germination, and germination rate.Key words:cocoa seed, storage, recalcitrant, PEG

scholarly journals Effect of storage conditions and sodium hypochlorite treatment on germination of Cucumis prophetarum (Cucurbitaceae) seeds from arid Arabian deserts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatem Ahmed Shabana ◽  
Tamer Mahmoud ◽  
Sanjay Gairola ◽  
Asma Al Ketbi ◽  
Mariam Aljasmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Continuous Darkness ◽  
Temperature Requirements

Abstract Background This is the first study on seed germination of Cucumis prophetarum in the Arabian Peninsula. Light and temperature as the main environmental factors and seed storage conditions greatly affect the germination of many Cucurbitaceae species. C. prophetarum is the perennial prostrate with woody rootstocks that grow throughout the year in the arid Arabian deserts. We examined the effects of seed storage conditions and sterilization by sodium hypochlorite (NaOCL) on germination of C. prophetarum seeds. Matured, fresh and field stored seeds were collected in March of 2016 and 2017 from a population in the United Arab Emirates. Fresh and the stored seeds (field, freeze, and room temperature) were germinated at three temperature regimes (15/25, 20/30 and 25/35°C) in both continuous darkness and alternating 12 h light/12 h darkness. Results The fresh and freeze stored seeds had higher germination percentage than the field and room temperature stored seeds. High germination was recorded in both lower and moderate temperatures (15/25 and 20/30°C) in light conditions. Sterilization of the seeds by NaOCl had a negative effect on the speed and germination percentage under all storage conditions, and it changes light and temperature requirements of seeds for germination. Conclusions Germination of C. prophetarum is sensitive to incubation light and temperature as well as to the seed storage conditions. The germination ability of stored seeds indicates that seed storage behaviour of C. prophetarum is orthodox. Light and temperature requirements for seed germination reflects a suitable place, habitat, and time for seedling emergence of C. prophetarum. The effect of NaOCl treatment on the germination may be associated with concentration and exposure periods of seeds. Therefore, we suggest that when using NaOCl for seed sterilization or to stimulate the germination, caution must be taken for using its concentration and exposure time, especially for species with thin and soft seed coats like C. prophetarum. Further studies on seed germination ecology would help to understand better the adaptive strategy of the C. prophetarum in the arid desert environments.

scholarly journals Impact of storage conditions on seed germination and seedling growth of wild oat (Avena fatua L.) at different temperatures

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Marija Saric-Krsmanovic ◽  
Gajic Umiljendic ◽  
Ljiljana Santric ◽  
Ljiljana Radivojevic
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Germinated Seeds

The influence of seed storage conditions and different temperatures (5?C, 10?C, 15?C, 20?C, 25?C, 30?C and 26?C/21?C) during germination and seedling development on seed germination, shoot length and germination rate of wild oat (Avena fatua L.) was examined. Germinated seeds were counted daily over a period of ten days and shoot length was measured on the last day, while germination rates were calculated from those measurements. The results showed that seed storage under controlled conditions (T1: temperature 24?1?C, humidity 40-50%; T2: temperature 26?1?C, humidity 70-80% and T3: temperature 4?C) for periods of 3 (t1) and 12 (t2) months had a significant influence on germination of wild oat seeds. The percentage of germinated seeds under all examined temperatures was higher when they were stored for 12 months under controlled temperature and humidity. The results also showed that temperature had a significant effect on the percentage of germination and germination rate of A. fatua seeds. The highest total germination occurred at 15?C temperature (T1: t1 - 41.25%, t2 - 44.37%; T2: t1 - 28.13%, t2 - 34.37%; T3: t1 - 10.63%, t2 - 12.50%). Germination percentage under an alternating day /night photoperiod at 26?C/21?C temperature was higher in all treatment variants (T1: t1 - 8.13%, t2 - 10.00%; T2: t1 - 11.87%, t2 - 13.13%; T3: t1 - 2.42%, t2 - 2.70%) than germination in the dark at 25?C, 30?C and 5?C.

Factors Influencing Seed Germination of Sorbus pohuashanensis Hedl

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 758-761
Author(s):  
Ling Yang ◽  
Yu Hua Li ◽  
Hai Long Shen
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Embryo Germination ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Germination Temperature

Seed development traits of Sorbus pohuashanensis are discussed with special regard to factors influencing seed germination. The purpose of this research was to provide additional data for to suggest a method of improving seed germination in S. pohuashanensis. The limiting factors for seed germination are embryo developmental stage, seed coat (naked embryo germination was significantly higher than for intact seeds), seed hydration, and germination temperature. These results infer that for S. pohuashanesis, ptimum germination requires earlier seed collection (before dormancy intensifies), seed hydration sufficient for respiration to take place, and lower germination temperature than room temperature.

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