scholarly journals Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anticholinesterase Activities of Plant Seed Extracts from Brazilian Semiarid Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davi Felipe Farias ◽  
Terezinha Maria Souza ◽  
Martônio Ponte Viana ◽  
Bruno Marques Soares ◽  
Arcelina Pacheco Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Salmonella Choleraesuis ◽  
Hemolytic Assay ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Seed Extracts

The antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase activities of ethanolic seed extracts of twenty-one plant species from Brazilian semiarid region were investigated. The extracts were tested for antimicrobial activity against six bacteria strains and three yeasts. Six extracts presented activity against the Gram (−) organismSalmonella choleraesuisand the Gram (+) organismsStaphylococcus aureusandBacillus subtilis. The MIC values ranged from 4.96 to 37.32 mg/mL. TheTriplaris gardnerianaextract presented activity against the three species, with MIC values 18.8, 13.76, and 11.15 mg/mL, respectively. Five extracts presented antioxidant activity, with EC50values ranging from 69.73 μg/mL (T. gardneriana) to 487.51 μg/mL (Licania rigida). For the anticholinesterase activity, eleven extracts were capable of inhibiting the enzyme activity. From those,T. gardneriana,Parkia platycephalaandConnarus detersuspresented the best activities, with inhibition values of 76.7, 71.5, and 91.9%, respectively. The extracts that presented antimicrobial activity were tested for hemolytic assay against human A, B, and O blood types and rabbit blood. From those, only theMyracrodruon urundeuvaextract presented activity (about 20% of hemolysis at the lowest tested concentration, 1.9 µg/mL). Infrared spectroscopy of six representative extracts attested the presence of tannins, polyphenols, and flavonoids, which was confirmed by a qualitative phytochemical assay.

scholarly journals Screening of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Micromeria fruticosa serpyllifolia Volatile Oils: A Comparative Study of Plants Collected from Different Regions of West Bank, Palestine

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nihaya Salameh ◽  
Naser Shraim ◽  
Nidal Jaradat ◽  
Motasem El Masri ◽  
Lina Adwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Micromeria Fruticosa

Background. The investigation of volatile oils used in traditional medicine is vital to enhance the quality of healthcare. This study is aimed at screening the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Micromeria fruticosa serpyllifolia volatile oils from three different regions in Palestine (north, middle, and south). Methods. Volatile oils of three samples of M. fruticosa serpyllifolia were extracted using the microwave-ultrasonic apparatus. The antioxidant activity of the volatile oils was assessed by inhibition of DPPH free radical. The antimicrobial activity was examined using the broth microdilution method. Assessment of antifungal activity was achieved using the agar dilution method. Results. Screening the biological activity of plant extracts revealed that the sample from Ramallah (middle region) possessed the most potent antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 0.45 μg/mL. The three samples exhibited broad antimicrobial activity and showed potential antifungal activity. The sample from the southern region showed the highest potency against Shigella sonnei with the lowest reported MIC; the sample from the northern region demonstrated the least potency against clinical isolate of Staphylococcus aureus and “methicillin”-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusions. The study showed that Micromeria fruticosa serpyllifolia volatile oil samples from different regions in Palestine possess different potential antioxidant and antimicrobial activities that were in line with traditional uses of the plant extracts.

Combination of Carvacrol and Thymol: Antimicrobial Activity Against Staphylococcus aureus and Antioxidant Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 622-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Rúa ◽  
Pilar del Valle ◽  
Dolores de Arriaga ◽  
Laura Fernández-Álvarez ◽  
María Rosario García-Armesto
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity

scholarly journals Which Approach Is More Effective in the Selection of Plants with Antimicrobial Activity?

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Oliveira Silva ◽  
Elidiane Fonseca Santana ◽  
Antonio Marcos Saraiva ◽  
Felipe Neves Coutinho ◽  
Ricardo Henrique Acre Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Plant Drugs ◽  
Selection Of

The development of the present study was based on selections using random, direct ethnopharmacological, and indirect ethnopharmacological approaches, aiming to evaluate which method is the best for bioprospecting new antimicrobial plant drugs. A crude extract of 53 species of herbaceous plants collected in the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil was tested against 11 microorganisms. Well-agar diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) techniques were used. Ten extracts from direct, six from random, and three from indirect ethnopharmacological selections exhibited activities that ranged from weak to very active against the organisms tested. The strain most susceptible to the evaluated extracts wasStaphylococcus aureus. The MIC analysis revealed the best result for the direct ethnopharmacological approach, considering that some species yielded extracts classified as active or moderately active (MICs between 250 and 1000 µg/mL). Furthermore, one species from this approach inhibited the growth of the threeCandidastrains. Thus, it was concluded that the direct ethnopharmacological approach is the most effective when selecting species for bioprospecting new plant drugs with antimicrobial activities.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of aqueous and methanolic extract of Rosmarinus eriocalyx Jord. & Fourr.

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 254-262
Author(s):  
Nouioua Wafa ◽  
Gaamoune Sofiane
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Stabilization Method ◽  
Membrane Stabilization ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Rosmarinus eriocalyx Jord. & Fourr is a well-known aromatic and medicinal plant whose consumption serves to remedy a number of disorders, evergreen bush endemic to Algeria. The present study aimed it investigating the in-vitro anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial for two extracts of Rosmarinus eriocalyx. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and the reducing power essay, anti-inflammatory activity with the Human Red Blood Cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization method. However, the antimicrobial activity was tested with three bacterial strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633. The results show an excellent antioxidant and an interesting inflammatory activities but a weak power against the used strains therefore. © 2020 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords: Rosmarinus eriocalyx Jord. & Fourr, DPPH, reducing power, HRBC, antimicrobial

scholarly journals Study of white frangipani flower and bitter grape stem ethanol extract combination on antibacterial and antioxidant activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
KRISHNA PURNAWAN CANDRA ◽  
WIJAYANTI KUSUMA WARDHANI ◽  
ANTON RAHMADI ◽  
MIFTAKHUR ROHMAH Rohmah ◽  
YULIANI YULIANI
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Inhibition Index

Frangipani flower (Plumeria acuminata) and bitter grape (Tinospora crispa L. Miers) stem extract alone shows antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. However, there is a limited report about the actions from the combination of both extracts. Combinations of ethanol extract of white frangipani flower (EFF) and ethanol extract of the bitter grape stem (EBS), each of 0, 1, 2, and 3% were tested for inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus growth and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl,2-picrylhydrazyl) free radicals. A yield of 3.17 and 2.62 g of EFF and EBS, respectively, were resulted from 100 g of dried powdered of the white frangipani flower and bitter grape stem using 200 mL of absolute ethanol. The antimicrobial test was assayed using a 10% stock solution of extract diluted in water. The combination of EFF and EBS showed a synergistic effect on antimicrobial activity, but it proved an antagonistic effect on antioxidant activity. The combination of EFF 3% and EBS 3% showed the highest inhibition index on the S. aureus growth , i.e. 2.02±0.06, which is higher than the inhibition index of Amoxycillin 2%, i.e. 1.85±0.09. The highest antioxidant activity showed by 1% EFF alone (57.5 ± 0.60%), while the lowest was from the combination of EFF 1% and EBS 3% (23.4±0.30%).  

scholarly journals Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of Mahanintangtong and its constituent herbs, a formula used in Thai traditional medicine for treating pharyngitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhanuz Dechayont ◽  
Pathompong Phuaklee ◽  
Jitpisute Chunthorng-Orn ◽  
Thana Juckmeta ◽  
Onmanee Prajuabjinda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Mahanintangtong is listed in the Thailand’s National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM). It is used to treat non-specific fevers and illnesses such as pharyngitis and chickenpox. In this study, we investigated the biological activities of the different medicinal plants used in the Mahanintangtong formula. Methods The plant materials were extracted by maceration and decoction. Antimicrobial activity, assessed by disc diffusion method, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were compared with commercially available standard antibiotics. To elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanisms, inhibition of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) production was tested by Griess and ELISA techniques. Antioxidant activity was measured by ABTS and DPPH scavenging assays. Results The extracts with the best antimicrobial activities were carbonized Tectona grandis showing against Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The ethanol extract of Dracaena loureiroi wood exhibited the highest NO and IL-6 inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 9.42 ± 1.81 and 12.02 ± 0.30 μg/mL, respectively. The ethanol extract of Pogostemon cablin had the highest TNF-α inhibitory with IC50 values of 10.68 ± 0.02 μg/mL. In anti-free radical testing, the ethanol extract of D. loureiroi displayed high antioxidant activity by both ABTS and DPPH assays. Conclusion The ethanol extracts from carbonized T. grandis and Mahanintangtong showed good antimicrobial activity, especially against S. pyogenes, and good anti-inflammatory activity. These findings are relevant to the pathogenesis of pharyngitis and justify additional studies to see if Mahanintangtong could have clinical utility.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity from Sonneratia caseolaris Fruit Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 967 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Pagarra Halifah ◽  
Hartati ◽  
Rachmawaty ◽  
Hala Yusminah ◽  
A. Rahman Roshanida
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Mangrove Plant ◽  
Sonneratia Caseolaris

A study out to investigate the phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of Sonneratia caseolaris fruit, a mangrove plant from Maros Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The Sonneratia caseolaris extract was prepared by two different solvent: ethyl acetate and ethanol 70%. We tested the extract of Sonneratia caseolaris for antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The phytochemicals were extracted separately with ethyl acetate and ethanol 70% by maceration. The evaluation of antibacterial activity for different solvent with different concentration of Sonneratia caseolaris fruit was measurements of inhibitory power are measured by measuring the diameter of the clear zone formed. In phytochemical test Sonneratia caseolaris fruits extracted by ethyl acetate solvent confirmed the presence of flavanoids, saponin, tannin and phenolic and extracted by ethanol 70% solvent confirmed the presence of alkaloid, saponin and phenolic. The antioxidant activity as indicated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity of the Sonneratia caseolaris fruits extract from the species was found to be quite appreciable. The antioxidant scavenging activity of Sonneratia caseolaris fruit extract by ethyl acetate solvent was 0.38% and by ethanol solvent was 0.08%. Antimicrobial activity of Sonnerati caseolaris fruits ethyl acetate extract obtained significant was from P<0.05 of Escherechia.coli and Candida albicans but not significant of Staphylococcus aureus. The Sonneratia caseolaris extracted by ethanol 70% solvents was highly promising among Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans with level of significance was from P <0.05. The study suggests Sonneratia caseolaris fruits as a potential source of bioactive compounds with stable antioxidative and antimicrobial properties and can be used as natural antimicrobial/antioxidative agents in clinical, pharmaceutical and food processing industries.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF CINNAMON BARK (Cinnamomum burmannii) HYDROSOL IN VARIATIONS OPENING VALVE OF PILOT PLAN-SCALE STEAM DISTILLATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Lia Umi Khasanah ◽  
Rohula Utami ◽  
Kawiji Kawiji ◽  
Godras Jati Manuhara
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Distillation Process ◽  
Cinnamon Bark

<em>Cinnamon is one of the natural flavor commodities that has not been utilized optimally. One of its derivatives product is essential oil. Essential oils are obtained through the distillation process. The by-product of the distillation process is hydrosol. Hydrosol is an emulsion from essential oil which is bound by water molecules. The hydrosol used in this research was a by-product of processing of cinnamon bark essential oils using Pilot Plan-scale steam distillation. The Pilot Plant-scale steam distillation is using 50 % of destilation tank capacity, with a variety of valve openings (¼, ½, and ¾). The study aimed determine characterization of cinnamon bark hydrosols including total phenol, antioxidant activity of reducing power method, antioxidant activity of radical scavenging (DPPH) method, total flavonoids, and antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas fluorosence; Aspergillus niger; Bacillus plantarum; Staphylococcus aureus; and E.coli. The results showed that variety of valve openings effected the chemical characteristics of cinnamon bark hydrosols including total phenol, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity (reducing power and DPPH methods). The hydrosols of ¾ valve openings treatment showed antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, and <em>Pseudomonas fluorescens</em><em>. All hydrosol samples</em><em> showed no antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger</em> <em>and</em> <em>Lactobacillus plantarum</em><em>. </em><em>This hydrosol characterization will be used for further recommendations related to the use of hydrosols in the food.</em>

scholarly journals Lipid Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Raw, Boiled and Fermented Seed Extracts of Pentaclethra macrophylla (BENTH)

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Anowu ◽  
A. B. Aliyu ◽  
H. Ibrahim ◽  
A. O. Oyewale
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Linoleic Acid Content ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Seed Extracts

Lipids possess versatile biological properties in human health and nutrition. The compositions of lipids were investigated on the raw, boiled and fermented seeds of Pentaclethra macrophylla n-hexane extracts. The seed extracts were esterified, and chemical composition of the fatty acids was evaluated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Subsequent chromatographic purification and isolation on the lipids was carried out using column chromatography and thin layer chromatographic techniques. The antimicrobial activity of extracts was evaluated using disc diffusion and broth dilution techniques on selected bacterial and fungal species, Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella dysenterea, Salmonella typhi, Proteus mirabilis, Corynebacterium ulcerans, Escherichia coli, Candida krusei, Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. GC-MS analysis revealed that fatty acids such as linoleic acid, butyl 9,12- octadecadienoate acid, oleic acid, hexadecanoic acid, methyl 20-methyl heneicosanoate, tetracosanoate acid, ethyl tetracosanoate and methyl stearate were common in the raw, boiled and fermented seed extracts. However, linoleic acid content was higher (60%) in fermented seeds, indicating an increased production due to fermentation effect. The extracts have demonstrated growth inhibition on bacterial and fungal species with broad-spectrum activity for the fermented seeds (17-19 mm; MIC 5 mg/mL) and the raw and boiled seeds (16-18 mm; MIC 5 mg/mL). Monoglycerides were isolated and structures elucidated using H-NMR and C-DEPT as 2,3-dihydroxypropyl tetracosanoate (1), 2,3-dihydroxypropyl pentacosanoate (2) and 2,3- dihydroxypropyl hentriacontylate (3). Compounds (2) and (3) are reported for the first time from the seeds. This report indicated the potential benefit of P. macrophylla seeds fermentation to human nutrition and health. 

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