scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of the Antidiabetic Effects of Different Parts ofCassia fistulaLinn, a Southeast Asian Plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Wilking Einstein ◽  
Mustafa Mohd Rais ◽  
Mustafa Ali Mohd
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Isolated Rat

The hypoglycemic effect of the methanolic and aqueous extracts of whole parts ofCassia fistulain both normoglycemic and streptozotocin-nictotinamide induced Type 2 diabetic rats were investigated. Acute toxicity, oral glucose tolerance test and glucose uptake in isolated rat hemidiaphragm were performed in normal rats. Diabetes was induced in Sprague Dawley rats by the administration of streptozotocin-nictotinamide (50, 110 mg/kg b.w., resp.) intraperitoneally. Different extracts ofCassiawas administered to diabetic rats at 250 and 500 mg/kg doses for 21 days. Biochemical parameters like blood glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid profile, and serum marker enzymes were determined. The methanolic extract of the bark and leaves were show more effective in causing hypoglycemia in normoglycemic rats. Diabetic rats showed increased levels of glycosylated hemoglobin, reduced levels of plasma insulin, were significantly reverted to near normal after oral administration of the bark and leaf methanolic extracts. Glucose uptake studies in isolated rat hemidiaphragm have shown enhanced peripheral utilization of glucose. Chronic treatment ofCassiaremarkably restored the normal status of the histopathological changes observed in the selected tissues. Dose dependent anti-diabetic effects with the cohorts receiving the methanolic extract of bark followed by leaves ofCassiawas revealed.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic effect of Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt (Cucurbitales: Cucurbitaceae) on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats and its role in regulating carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 683-698
Author(s):  
Meenatchi Packirisamy ◽  
Purushothaman Ayyakkannu ◽  
Maneemegalai Sivaprakasam
Keyword(s):  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Coccinia Grandis ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt (Cucurbitales: Cucurbitaceae) is a climbing perennial herb, growing throughout India and it is widely used in the traditional treatment of diabetes. The aim of present study was to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of the mature unripe of Coccinia grandis in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats with special reference to carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes. The optimum dose of Coccinia grandis extract (GCE) was determined by oral glucose tolerance test. The effects of CGE were compared with glibenclamide. Oral administration of Coccinia grandis extract at a concentration of 250 mg/kg body weight once daily to diabetic rats for the period of 30 days resulted in significant reduction in the levels of plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin. Administration of CGE showed a significant increase in the levels of glycolytic enzymes and glycogen content and decrease in the levels of gluconeogenic enzymes in the liver of diabetic treated rats. The anti-hyperglycemic effect of the extract was comparable with glibenclamide, a known hypoglycemic drug. Present findings provide experimental evidence that the fruits of C. grandis have potential antidiabetic activity which might be used as a functional food and safe remedy for the treatment of diabetes and associated complications.

Therapeutic Role of Methanolic Extract of Ocimum basilicum L. Seeds and its Isolated Compound as Potent Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
Nisha H. Parikh ◽  
Charmy Kothari
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Isolated Compound

Background: Ocimum basilicum seed, commonly also known as Takhmaria in Gujarat. The seed of O. basilicum traditionally used to treat diabetes. This activity is related to the presence of flavonoids, the major compounds of the crude extract. Objective: The present study was planned to examine the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic potential of Ocimum basilicum Linn seed, used as a traditional treatment for diabetes mellitus. Methods: The methanolic extracts of O. basilicum seed (40 mg/kg) and isolated compound apigenin (10 mg/kg) were administered orally for 15 days to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat. Anti diabetic activity, oral glucose tolerance test, change in body weight and lipid profile of diabetics rat treated with methanolic extracts of O. basilicum seed and isolated apigenin were assessed and which was further compared with normal, diabetic control and standard drug-treated rat. Histological examination was carried out on 15 days of treatment. Results: Methanolic extract of O. basilicum seed (40 mg/kg) and apigenin (10 mg/kg) produced a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose level (p<0.01) and (p<0.001) respectively in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Significant differences were observed in oral glucose tolerance test, serum lipid parameters and body weight for methanolic extract of O. basilicum and apigenintreated diabetic rat as compared to diabetic, normal and standard drug-treated rat. The outcome of the histological examinations of the pancreas treated with a methanolic extract of O. basilicum and apigenin showed comparable regeneration of the cells, which were earlier necrosed by streptozotocin. Methanolic extract of O. basilicum and isolated compound apigenin exhibit significant antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in the rat. Conclusion: From above findings, it can be concluded that the O. basilicum seed and isolated compound apigenin must be considered as a potential candidate for the treatment of diabetes and lipidlowering activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in the rat.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Antidiabetic Activity of Methanolic Extract of Punica granatum Leaves in Nicotinamide/Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetes in Rats

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1609
Author(s):  
Shinu Pottathil ◽  
Parminder Nain ◽  
Mohamed A. Morsy ◽  
Jaspreet Kaur ◽  
Bandar E. Al-Dhubiab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Oral Glucose

The current study aimed to establish the mechanisms of antidiabetic activity of methanolic extract of Punica granatum leaves (MEPGL) in nicotinamide/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes in rats. Phytochemical screening, HPLC analysis, and acute toxicity study of MEPGL were carried out. Various concentrations of MEPGL (100, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg) were administered orally to diabetic rats for 45 days on a daily basis. The antidiabetic effect of MEPGL was examined by measuring blood glucose, plasma insulin, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, as well as with an oral glucose tolerance test. The antioxidant effect of MEPGL was determined by analyzing hepatic and renal antioxidant markers, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), and lipid peroxidation. The other biochemical markers alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea, and creatinine, as well as total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were also studied. Type 2 diabetes significantly altered these parameters, while oral administration of the MEPGL significantly ameliorated them. Moreover, the pancreatic histopathological changes were attenuated with MEPGL treatment. In a nutshell, oral MEPGL administration in diabetic rats showed antidiabetic activity due to its antioxidant activity, most probably due to the gallic acid, ellagic acid, and apigenin found in MEPGL.

Antidiabetic Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Ficus glomerata (L.) Roots

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Mohini C. Upadhye ◽  
Uday Deokate ◽  
Rohini Pujari ◽  
Vishnu Thakare
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Ficus Glomerata

Background: Ficus glomerata (F. glomerata) Linn. Family Moraceace is a large tree found all over India including outer Himalayan ranges, Punjab, Chota Nagpur, Bihar, Orissa, West Bengal, Rajasthan, Deccan and also as a common plant in South India. It is planted around the home and temples. It is cultivated throughout the year, distributed in evergreen forests and moist localities. Objective: The Ethanolic Extract of roots of F. Glomerata (EEFG) belonging to the family Moraceace, was investigated for its antidiabetic activity using alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods: Thirty rats were divided into 5 groups having 6 rats in each group. The alloxan was administered to the rats of all groups except normal control group through intraperitoneal route at a concentration of 140mg/kg body weight. A dose of 100mg/kg and 200 mg/kg body weight of EEFG was administered to alloxan induced diabetic rats. The administration of the extract was lasted for 11 days. Effectiveness of the extract on glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and high density lipoprotein and protein concentrations was analyzed. Results: Significant (p<0.05) reduction in the levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride of the diabetic rats was observed after treatment with ethanolic extract. After subjecting to oral glucose tolerance test EEFG also showed significant improvement in glucose tolerance. Conclusion: F. glomerata root ethanolic extract showed that it possesses antidiabetic effect and can be found useful for the management of diabetes mellitus.

Antidiabetic Effect of Aqueous Corrigiola telephiifolia in Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morad Hebi ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Antidiabetic Effect ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Background: Corrigiola telephiifolia Pourr, is a perennial species, woody distributed throughout the north of Africa. This plant is used in traditional Mediterranean preparations and has many traditional uses especially treatment of diabetes. Aim/Methods: The current research was carried out to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Aerial Parts of Aqueous Extract (APAE) of Corrigiola telephiifolia (C. telephiifolia) on both normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats treated at a dose of 5 mg/kg for fifteen days. Additionally, the histopathological changes in the liver, morphometric analysis, Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) in normal rats and preliminary phytochemical screening for various components were realized. Results: Single oral administration of the APAE of C. telephiifolia (5mg/kg) showed no significant change in glycaemia of normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats. In contrast, repeated oral administration of C. telephiifolia reduced blood glucose levels from 4.11 ± 0.10 mmol/L to 3.16 ± 0.16 mmol/L (p<0.01) 15 days after administration in normal rats. Furthermore, blood glucose levels decreased from 17.84 ± 1.75mmol/L to 1.93 ± 0.33 mmol/L (p<0.0001) in STZ diabetic rats after fifteen days of treatment. According to the oral glucose tolerance test, C. telephiifolia (5 mg/kg) was shown to prevent significantly the increase in blood glucose levels in normal treated rats 30 min after glucose administration when compared to the control group. Also, the liver architecture of diabetic rats treated by C. telephiifolia was improved when compared with the liver architecture of untreated diabetic rats. Concerning the preliminary phytochemical screening of C. telephiifolia, several compounds have been found such as polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, mucilage and terpenoids. Conclusion: The results show that the aqueous extract of C. telephiifolia possesses significant antihyperglycemic activity.

Comparison of streptozotocin-induced diabetes at different moments of the life of female rats for translational studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 002367722110018
Author(s):  
Yuri K Sinzato ◽  
Eduardo Klöppel ◽  
Carolina A Miranda ◽  
Verônyca G Paula ◽  
Larissa F Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Life ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Term Pregnancy

Animal models are widely used for studying diabetes in translational research. However, methods for induction of diabetes are conflicting with regards to their efficacy, reproducibility and cost. A comparison of outcomes between the diabetic models is still unknown, especially full-term pregnancy.To understand the comparison, we analyzed the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes at three life-different moments during the neonatal period in Sprague–Dawley female rats: at the first (D1), second (D2) and fifth (D5) day of postnatal life. At adulthood (90 days; D90), the animals were submitted to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for diabetic status confirmation. The diabetic and control rats were mated and sacrificed at full-term pregnancy for different analyses. Group D1 presented a higher mortality percentage after STZ administration than groups D2 and D5. All diabetic groups presented higher blood glucose levels as compared to those of the control group, while group D5 had higher levels of glycemia compared with other groups during OGTT. The diabetic groups showed impaired reproductive outcomes compared with the control group. Group D1 had lower percentages of mated rats and D5 showed a lower percentage of a full-term pregnancy. Besides that, these two groups also showed the highest percentages of inadequate fetal weight. In summary, although all groups fulfill the diagnosis criteria for diabetes in adult life, in our investigation diabetes induced on D5 presents lower costs and higher efficacy and reproducibility for studies involving diabetes-complicated pregnancy.

scholarly journals Pharmacological potential of methanol extract of Anacardium occidentale stem bark on alloxan-induced diabetic rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2440-2454
Author(s):  
D. A. Omoboyowa ◽  
F. O. Afolabi ◽  
T. C. Aribigbola
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Β Cells

Background: The anti-hyperglycemic potential of methanol stem bark extract of Anacardium occidentale (MSBEAO) was investigated using an alloxan-induced diabetic rat model. Alloxan administration induces the generation of free radicals which can affect antioxidant status resulting in the disruption of the β-cells of the pancreas. Therefore, this study examines the antioxidant potential of the plant extract and the ameliorating effect on the pancreas of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg body weight of alloxan monohydrate. MSBEAO, at a concentration of 100 or 200 mg/kg b.w. was orally administered to alloxan-induced diabetic rats and normal rats. The hypoglycemic effect, oral glucose tolerance test, and biochemical assay of alloxan-induced diabetic rats were assayed using standard procedures. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, carbohydrates, and phenols at moderate concentrations. The lethality dose (LD50) of the plant extract was found to be equal to or less than 5000 mg/kg b.w. The hypoglycemic effect of the extract on the non-diabetic rats revealed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the blood glucose concentration of animals administered with 1 g/kg b.w. of the extract, compared to normal control rats administered with normal saline. In the oral glucose tolerance test, the methanol extract exerted the highest response, similar to glibenclamide after 15 and 30 minutes of administration, compared to the control rats. The methanol extract yielded the highest blood glucose lowering effects after 9 days of treatment (p<0.05), compared to diabetic rats administered with normal saline and 0.3 mg/kg b.w. of glibenclamide. Administration of the extract at 200 mg/kg b.w. showed improved pancreas architecture and regeneration of the β-cells, compared with the pancreas of animals in the other groups. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that MSBEAO is a potentially effective agent for the management of diabetes which might result from the antioxidant-generating capacity of the stem bark.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antihyperglycemic potential of homeopathic medicines Insulinum, Pancreatinum and Uranium nitricum in Streptozotocin Induced diabetic Rats.

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 02-17
Author(s):  
Aditya Dilipkumar Patil ◽  
Charusheela Dilipkumar Patil ◽  
Dilipkumar Kondiba Patil
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

INTRODUCTION – Diabetes Mellitus is an emerging endocrine and metabolic disorder which has affected millions of people globally. Homeopathy a science of ultra-molecular doses with a holistic approach is used in treatment of Diabetes Mellitus. Homeopathic medicines are prepared from plant, mineral, sarcodes, nosodes and animal parts. Insulinum, Pancreatinum and Uranium nitricum is used in homeopathy for treatment of Diabetes Mellitus. However no any preclinical studies have been investigated for the anti-diabetic effect and its safety. METHODS – Homeopathic medicines Insulinum, Pancreatinum and Uranium nitricum in 6C (1012) dilution factor were used to examine antihyperglycemic effects in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. After 28 days treatment bodyweight, Hematology, Biochemistry (serum glucose, urea, creatinine, SGPT, SGOT, ALP, Triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol), Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, HbA1C with histopathology of (Liver, Kidney, Pancreas) was measured. RESULTS – After Streptozotocin induction, the animals have shown significant increase in the fasting blood glucose level (p

scholarly journals Acute Toxicity and Hypoglycemic Effect of a Polyherbal Formulation on Blood Glucose in Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Abednego Okeoghene Warri ◽  
Emuesiri Goodies Moke ◽  
Aishat Oyinkansola Balogun ◽  
Kennedy Chibogu Nzeh ◽  
Emuesiri Kohworho Umukoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Polyherbal Formulation ◽  
Herbal Formulation

Madam F. Kayes Bitters® is an herbal formulation commonly used in Nigeria and some African countries in the management of diabetes mellitus and other diseases conditions. This study evaluated the in-vivo hypoglycaemic activity, as well as acute toxicity of the polyherbal formulation to provide its efficacy and safety. Healthy albino mice (20-30 g) and Sprague Dawley female rats (90-130 g) were used for this study. Acute toxicity study (LD50) of the herbal formulation was determined by methods originally described by Miller and Tainter in 1994. Following oral dosing with glucose (2 g/kg) in normal fasted animals, herbal formulation (HF) at various doses was administered and blood glucose levels at 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, and 120 minutes were taken and recorded. Diabetes was induced using alloxan 150 mg/kg and diabetic rats were given the HF at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg with glibenclamide 2.5 mg/kg used as standard drug treatment. Blood glucose level was determined on 1st day, 7th day, 14th and 21st day. The LD50 was greater than 5g/kg with oral administration. The oral glucose tolerance test showed that the group that received 100 mg/kg HF showed a significant reduction (p<0.05) in glucose level after 120 minutes when compared to the basal level of glucose recorded. All treated diabetic groups showed a significant decrease in glucose level on the 21st day. The herbal formulation of Hydrastis canadesis Aloe capensis, Echinacea angustifolia and honey exhibited a significant glucose-lowering activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

scholarly journals The effects of natural nano-sized clinoptilolite and Nigella sativa supplementation on serum bone markers in diabetic rats

Bioimpacts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Yalda Salari Lak ◽  
Sirous Khorram ◽  
Mehran Mesgari Abbasi ◽  
Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi ◽  
Ali Tarighat-Esfanjani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Markers ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Introduction: Many studies confirm that diabetes mellitus is associated with higher risks of bone fracture. The beneficial effects of Nigella sativa (NS) and clinoptilolite in preventing/reducing some diabetes-related disorders have been shown. This study was conducted to examine the effects of separate and concurrent supplementation of natural nano-sized clinoptilolite (NCLN) and NS on serum bone markers in rats with type 2 diabetes. Methods: A total of 42 (case=36 and control=6) adult male Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups: diabetic and non-diabetic. An oral glucose tolerance test and a homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) test were conducted to confirm diabetes. Then, the diabetic group was divided into 4 subgroups: [1] control (n=9), [2] NS 1%/food (n=9), [3] NCLN 2%/food (n=9), [4] NS 1%/food + NCLN 2%/food (n=9). After 7 weeks, serum levels of bone markers were determined using ELISA kits. Results: Analysis showed that serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the NCLN group (1318.6 ± 217.5 U/L) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than other intervented groups. On the other hand, serum levels of calcium in NCLN+NS group (10.8 ± 2.6 mg/dL) were higher (P=0.027) compared to all other study groups. However, rats in the NS group had higher (535.8 ± 49.3 pg/mL) PTH (P<0.0001) compared to other supplementation groups. There were no significant differences in vitamin D and osteoprotegerin. Conclusion: The results of the current study suggest that bone mineralization may be affected by concurrent use of NS and NCLN through influencing calcium circulation. Moreover, dietary NS administration is strongly related to an augmented level of PTH.

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