scholarly journals Time-Dependent Effect of Oral Morphine Consumption on the Development of Cytotrophoblast and Syncytiotrophoblast Cells of the Placental Layers during the Three Different Periods of Pregnancy in Wistar Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Dehghani ◽  
Hedayat Sahraei ◽  
Rokhsareh Meamar ◽  
Masoomeh Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Oral Morphine ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Morphine Consumption ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Time Dependent Effect ◽  
Surface Thickness

Previous studies have shown that morphine abuse during pregnancy cancause a delay in the development of the placenta and embryo and also bring about birth defects. The present study investigates the effect of the duration of maternal morphine consumption during pregnancy, as well as the impacts of morphine abuse on the development of placental layers during the three different periods of pregnancy in Wistar rats.Materials and Methodology. Female Wistar rats have been used in the present study. Experimental groups received morphine (0.05 mg/mL of drinking water) after one night of coupling with male rats for mating. On 9th, 10th, and 14th days of pregnancy, pregnant animals were killed, and placentas were removed and fixed. The cells of the placentas layers were calculated by light microscope and MOTIC and SPSS software.Results. The maternal surface thickness of the placenta was significantly increased, whereasthe fetal surface thickness of placenta was significantly decreased with morphine consumption with a time-dependent manner in experimental groups, compared to control groups. Moreover, the number of trophoblast cells increased in both maternal and fetal surfaces of placenta with respect to the duration of morphine consumption which was overt in the experimental groups compared to the control groups.Conclusion. In general, the time-dependent effects of oral morphine consumption can inhibit the development and natural functioning of cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast cells of the placental layers.

scholarly journals Antidiarrheal Activity of Dissotis multiflora (Sm) Triana (Melastomataceae) Leaf Extract in Wistar Rats and Subacute Toxicity Evaluation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alian Désiré Afagnigni ◽  
Maximilienne Ascension Nyegue ◽  
Chantal Florentine Ndoye Foe ◽  
Youchahou Njankouo Ndam ◽  
Frédéric Nico Njayou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

The present work was undertaken to evaluate antidiarrheal activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Dissotis multiflora (Sm) Triana (D. multiflora) on Shigella flexneri-induced diarrhea in Wistar rats and its subacute toxicity. Diarrhea was induced by oral administration of 1.2 × 109 cells/mL S. flexneri to rats. Antidiarrheal activity was investigated in rats with the doses of 111.42 mg/kg, 222.84 mg/kg, and 445.68 mg/kg. The level of biochemical parameters was assessed and organs histology examined by 14 days’ subacute toxicity. S. flexneri stool load decreased significantly in dose-dependent manner. The level of ALT increased (p<0.05) in male rats treated with the dose of 445.68 mg/kg while creatinine level increased in rats treated with both doses. In female rats, a significant decrease (p<0.05) of the level of AST and creatinine was noted in rats treated with the dose of 222.84 mg/kg of D. multiflora. Histological exams of kidney and liver of treated rats showed architectural modifications at the dose of 445.68 mg/kg. This finding suggests that D. multiflora leaf extract is efficient against diarrhea caused by S. flexneri but the treatment with doses lower than 222.84 mg/kg is recommended while further study is required to define the exact efficient nontoxic dose.

scholarly journals The Aqueous Extract of Dacryodes edulis (Burseraceae) Leaves Inhibits Cell Proliferation Induced by Estradiol on the Uterus and Vagina of Ovariectomized Female Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Marius Trésor Wego Kamgaing ◽  
Marie Alfrede Mvondo ◽  
Sylviane Laure Poualeu Kamani ◽  
Stéphane Minko Essono ◽  
Sylvie Lea Wansi Ngnokam
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Estradiol Valerate ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Dacryodes Edulis

Proliferation is a cellular process strongly linked to the genesis of cancer. Natural substances with antiproliferative activities are currently potential alternatives in the treatment of cancers. Dacryodes edulis, for instance, is a medicinal plant traditionally used in the treatment of cancer. Scientific studies have reported the antioxidant activity of this plant. In addition, the presence of prostate cancer chemopreventive polyphenols was reported in D. edulis extracts. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the effects of the aqueous extract of D. edulis leaves on cell proliferation induced by estradiol in ovariectomized female Wistar rats. In this regard, ovariectomized (OVX) rats were cotreated with estradiol valerate (E2V) (0.75 mg/kg) and the aqueous extract of D. edulis leaves. Control groups received either the vehicle (sham-operated animals and the OVX control), E2V (0.75 mg/kg) only, or E2V (0.75 mg/kg) and tamoxifen (10 mg/kg). Treatments were administered orally for 3 consecutive days, and animals were sacrificed thereafter. Epithelial heights of the uterus and vagina were assessed. Uterine levels of total cholesterol and estradiol were determined as well. Results showed that the aqueous extract of D. edulis leaves reversed the effects of estradiol as it reduced uterine weight ( p < 0.05 ), uterine ( p < 0.05 ), and vaginal ( p < 0.001 ) epithelium heights. This antiproliferative effect of D. edulis was associated with reduced tissue (uterine) levels of estradiol ( p < 0.001 ). These results suggest that the aqueous extract of D. edulis leaves could be a potential alternative treatment for proliferation-related diseases.

Environment is not the Most Important Variable in Determining Oral Morphine Consumption in Wistar Rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. Petrie
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Oral Morphine ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Morphine Consumption ◽  
Standard Laboratory ◽  
Differential Housing

The role of differential housing on sucrose-morphine consumption in outbred Wistar rats was investigated in two studies. The results of earlier research, indicating rats housed in a quasinatural colony drank significantly less sucrose-morphine than rats isolated in standard laboratory cages, could not be replicated, as the consumption of sucrose-morphine by the isolated animals in the present two studies was reduced. It is possible that during a colony conversion the supplier inadvertently introduced strain differences making the present rats more resistant to xenobiotic consumption. Discussion documents the role of genetics in morphine consumption.

Effects of maternal oral morphine consumption on neural tube development in Wistar rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 159 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Nasiraei-Moghadam ◽  
Hedayat Sahraei ◽  
Hossein Bahadoran ◽  
Mehrangiz Sadooghi ◽  
Seyed Hossein Salimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Tube ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Oral Morphine ◽  
Morphine Consumption ◽  
Neural Tube Development

An analysis of the course of infection of Moniliformis dubius (Acanthocephala) in rats

Parasitology ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. T. Crompton ◽  
D. E. Walters
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
The Third ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Average Recovery Rate ◽  
Marked Decline

An analysis of the course of infection of mixed oral infections of 12 cystacanths of Moniliformis dubius in 174 male and 179 female Wistar rats has been undertaken.There was a marked decline in the average recovery rate of worms of both sexes from hosts of both sexes during the course of the infection.Female worms from both male and female rats showed, on average, a greater power of survival than male worms from the third period (10–13 weeks) onwards.Male rats were found to retain, on average, a greater number of worms of both sexes than female rats.We wish to thank Miss Susan Arnold and Mr David Barnard for excellent technical help.

scholarly journals Tolerance to hypothermic and antinoceptive effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) vapor inhalation in rats

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques D. Nguyen ◽  
Yanabel Grant ◽  
Tony M. Kerr ◽  
Arnold Gutierrez ◽  
Maury Cole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Antinociceptive Effects ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

AbstractRationaleA reduced effect of a given dose of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) emerges with repeated exposure to the drug. This tolerance can vary depending on THC dose, exposure chronicity and the behavioral or physiological measure of interest. A novel THC inhalation system based on e-cigarette technology has been recently shown to produce the hypothermic and antinociceptive effects of THC in rats.ObjectiveTo determine if tolerance to these effects can be produced with repeated vapor inhalation.MethodsGroups of male and female Wistar rats were exposed to 30 minutes of inhalation of the propylene glycol (PG) vehicle or THC (200 mg/mL in PG) two or three times per day for four days. Rectal temperature changes and nociception were assessed after the first exposure on the first and fourth days of repeated inhalation.ResultsFemale, but not male, rats developed tolerance to the hypothermic and antinociceptive effects of THC after four days of twice-daily THC vapor inhalation. Thrice daily inhalation for four days resulted in tolerance in both male and female rats. The plasma THC levels reached after a 30 minute inhalation session did not differ between the male and female rats.ConclusionsRepeated daily THC inhalation induces tolerance in female and male rats, providing further validation of the vapor inhalation method for preclinical studies.AbbreviationsPG, propylene glycol; THC; Δ9tetrahydrocannabinol;

scholarly journals Leptin affects filopodia and cofilin in NK-92 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Oswald ◽  
Maximilian Büttner ◽  
Simon Jasinski-Bergner ◽  
Roland Jacobs ◽  
Philip Rosenstock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nk Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Cellular Migration ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Actin Remodeling ◽  
Dependent Activity ◽  
Time Dependent Effect ◽  
In Vitro Effects

Hyperleptinemia, associated with obesity, is related with immune dysfunction and carcinogenesis. Natural Killer (NK) cells, a major component of the innate immune system are mediators of anti-tumor immunity and the most actively migrating cells among leukocytes. Actin rearrangement, promoted by cofilin plays a central role in cellular migration. Leptin affects the phosphorylation-dependent activity of cofilin and thus actin remodeling. We used human NK-92 cells to explore the in vitro effects of leptin on co-localization of cofilin and F-actin and on morphological changes in NK cells. NK-92 cells were incubated with different leptin concentrations (10 and 100 ng/mL) for 30 min and 24 h and immunocytochemically stained. Results demonstrate a dose- and time-dependent influence of leptin on cellular morphology. Utilizing confocal microscopy, we observed that the co-localization of cofilin-1 and F-actin was slightly influenced by leptin. In summary, the present study demonstrates an impact of a physiological leptin stimulation on the filopodia length, and a time-dependent effect on the co-localization of cofilin and F-actin in NK-92 cells. 

scholarly journals Evaluation of Moringa oleifera (L) Aqueous Seed Extracts on Aphrodisiac, ‎Gonadal and Epididymal Sperm Reserves of Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
D. Iliyasu ◽  
J. S. Rwuaan ◽  
D. Sani ◽  
A. I. Nwannenna ◽  
C. O. Njoku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Epididymal Sperm ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Intromission Frequency ◽  
Group B

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of Moringa oleifera (L) aqueous seed extract on aphrodisiac, gonadal and epididymal sperm reserves of Wistar rats. Twenty-five male and fifteen female Wistar rats aged two months weighing 150 – 200 g were purchased and housed in cages at the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria. The Wistar rats were provided with a 12 hours light and dark cycle, fed with pellets of broiler starter and drinking water were provided ad libitum. The rats were acclimatized for 14 days and they were randomly divided into 5 groups A, B, C, D and E. Group B, C and D as treatment groups, whereas, group A and E were negative and positive controls, respectively, with 5 rats in each group and each was kept singly in separate cage. Groups A and E received 1 ml of distilled water and 5 mg of sildenafil citrate orally respectively. Groups B, C and D received suspension of Moringa oleifera aqueous seed extract orally at the dose rate 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg respectively, between 9:00 - 10:00 am daily for 21 days. Female rats were paired with males at a ratio of 1:1, and mating behaviour recorded. Group C and E male rats showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in mounting frequency (MF), respectively. Intromission frequency (IF) was significantly (p < 0.05) increased in group C and E, respectively. Gonadal and epididymal sperm reserves were significantlydifferent (p < 0.05)between the M. oleifera treated and control groups.

scholarly journals Apakah Pengkayaan Lingkungan Berpengaruh terhadap Ingatan Spasial pada Tikus Jantan dan Betina?

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Sri Kusrohmaniah
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Radial Arm Maze ◽  
Mixed Design ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Mixed Design Anova

Female and male rats use different landmarks to find foods in the radial arm maze. The aim of this research was to test the effect of environmental enrichment on spatial memory of male and female rats. Twenty two male and 22 female Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) were allocated into eight groups. Spatial memory were measured after 60 days of environmental enrichment. It was hypothesized that rats in the environmentally enriched groups had better spatial memory. Analysis was done using SPANOVA (Mixed Design Anova). It was found that sex had an effect on spatial memory.

scholarly journals Safety Assessment of a New Strain of Lactobacillus pentosus (IBRC=11143) As a Candidate Probiotic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Bahrehvar ◽  
Shiva Khezri ◽  
Amir Abbas Barzegari ◽  
Vahid Nejati
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Lactobacillus Pentosus ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
The Right

Background: It is believed that the consumption of an adequate amount of live lactic acid bacteria (as probiotic) may improve the health of the host. Many strains of lactic acid bacteria are generally considered to be safe. However, some strains have shown some adverse effects. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the safety of a new strain of Lactobacillus pentosus (IBRC=11143) in Wistar rats Methods:In this experimental study, male and female Wistar rats (n=6) were used. A subacute toxicity study (for 28 days) was conducted by oral administration of Lactobacillus pentosus to the animals. In each sex, one group received saline, and the other two groups received the bacteria at doses of 1×108 and 1×109 Colony-Forming Units (CFU)/rat. Results: No significant alteration in the liver and kidney tissues was seen. However, in both sexes, there were significant differences in urea and creatinine levels between the control and the experimental groups. Some blood parameters (Lymphocyte, red blood cell, hematocrit, and hemoglobin) also showed significant changes in the groups that received the bacteria. Moreover, a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase level was observed in male rats. Conclusion: The results indicate that Lactobacillus pentosus (11143) is not entirely safe like other Lactobacillus strains. Therefore, the Lactobacillus pentosus (11143) strain may not be the right choice as a probiotic for human consumption.

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