scholarly journals Effect of Fabric Layers on the Relationship between Fabric Constructional Parameters and Percentage Reflectance Values of Polyester Fabrics

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mine Akgun ◽  
Behcet Becerir ◽  
Halil Rifat Alpay
Keyword(s):  
Light Trap ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Warp Yarn ◽  
Reflectance Measurement ◽  
Polyester Fabrics ◽  
Yarn Properties ◽  
Fabric Layer ◽  
Weave Pattern ◽  
The Relationship

This paper focused on the assessment of the relation between constructional properties and percentage reflectance values of fabrics woven from polyester yarns through fabric layer numbers. Reflectance measurements were conducted on pretreated but undyed fabric samples at five different fabric layers. Twelve polyester fabrics having different constructional parameters were used and fabrics differed from each other by their weft yarn densities, weave patterns, and weft yarn filament fineness. Warp yarn properties (type, count, and density) were the same at all the fabrics. Percentage reflectance values of the fabrics changed according to yarn density, weave pattern, and filament fineness in accordance with fabric layer numbers during reflectance measurement. Percentage reflectance values gradually increased as fabric layer numbers increased. The highest reflectance values were obtained at 16 layers of fabric. The effects of single constructional parameters on reflectance values disappeared as fabric layer numbers increased. Percentage reflectance values were analyzed according to ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and statistical results revealed the cross relations obtained. Light-trap phenomenon was discussed according to reflectance characteristics of woven fabrics.

The effect of fabric constructional parameters on percentage reflectance and surface roughness of polyester fabrics

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 700-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mine Akgun ◽  
Behcet Becerir ◽  
Halil Rifat Alpay
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Warp Yarn ◽  
Yarn Twist ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
Light Reflectance ◽  
Fabric Surface ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
Weave Pattern ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between surface roughness, fabric balance and percentage reflectance of various types of fabrics based on polyester yarn has been investigated. The warp yarn type and count, warp density and warp yarn twist were kept constant while the effect of variation in weft density, weft yarn filament number, fiber fineness and weave pattern were studied. Measurements were conducted on pre-treated undyed fabric samples and the results assessed in relation to their constructional properties. A change in weave pattern from plain to satin increased the percentage reflectance and surface roughness, but decreased the fabric balance. An increase in weft density similarly increased the percentage reflectance and fabric balance, but decreased surface roughness. The relationship of percentage reflectance to surface roughness and fabric balance implied that light reflectance from the fabric surface was dependent on weave pattern, on weft density and on fiber fineness. The long yarn floats present in satin fabric structures increased light reflectance from the fabric surface, but increased the fabric surface roughness and decreased the fabric balance due to the looser fabric structure.

Investigation of the mechanical and forming behaviour of 3D warp interlock carbon woven fabrics for complex shape of composite material

2021 ◽  
pp. 152808372098410
Author(s):  
Mehmet Korkmaz ◽  
Ayşe Okur ◽  
Ahmad Rashed Labanieh ◽  
François Boussu
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Complex Shape ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Warp Yarn ◽  
Delamination Resistance ◽  
Fabric Architecture ◽  
Weave Pattern ◽  
Carbon Fabrics

Composite materials which are reinforced with 3D warp interlock fabrics have outstanding mechanical properties such as higher delamination resistance, ballistic damage resistance and impact damage tolerance by means of their improved structural properties. Textile reinforcements are exposed to large deformations in the production stage of composite materials which have complex shape. Although good formability properties of 3D warp interlock fabrics in forming process were already proven by recent studies, further information is needed to elucidate forming behaviours of multi-layer fabrics which is produced with high stiffness yarns like carbon. In this study, 3D warp interlock carbon fabrics were produced on a prototype weaving loom and the same carbon yarn was used in two fabric directions with equal number of yarn densities. Fabrics were differentiated with regard to the presence of stuffer warp yarn, weave pattern and parameters of binding warp yarn which are angle and depth. Therefore, the effect of fabric architecture on the mechanical and formability properties of 3D warp interlock carbon fabrics could be clarified. Three different breaking behaviours of fabrics were detected and they were correlated with crimp percentages of yarn groups. In addition, the bending and shear deformations were analysed in view of parameters of fabric architectures. Two distinct forming behaviours of fabrics were determined according to the distribution of deformation areas on fabrics. Moreover, the optimal structure was identified for forming process considering the fabric architecture.

Shaped Seamless Woven Garments

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-107
Author(s):  
Abdel-Fattah M. Seyam ◽  
Sanaa S. Saleh ◽  
Mamdouh Y. Sharkas ◽  
Heba Z. AbouHashish
Keyword(s):  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Yarn Tension ◽  
Differential Shrinkage ◽  
Fabric Construction ◽  
The Relationship

A range of intricate finished seamless shaped garments have been developed with the aim to fit predetermined sizes. The shape is created by using woven tubular fabrics with differential shrinkage in the same garment. The differential shrinkage is obtained by altering the fabric construction parameters at strategic locations along the length of the garment. The construction arameters include different weaves (plain, 2/2 basket, 1/3 twill, 2/2 twill, and crowfoot), weft densities, weft yarn counts, and weft yarns with different shrinkages (cotton, cotton that contains spandex, and cotton/polyester yarns). The weft yarn tension is used as an additional parameter to influence fabric shrinkage. A total of thirty-three woven fabrics are formed to establish the relationship between the construction parameters, weft tension, and shrinkage of the finished woven fabric. The relationship is used to produce a range of intricate garments with inherent shapes and predetermined sizes.

Evaluation of Color Difference, Whiteness, and Luster of Multifilament Polyester Woven Fabrics

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 155892501400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Shanbeh ◽  
Haleh Khalili ◽  
Jalil Hajrasouliha ◽  
Alireza Shiasi
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Standard Condition ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Warp Yarn ◽  
Weft Direction ◽  
Constant Measurement ◽  
Dyed Fabric ◽  
Weave Pattern

This paper investigated the color difference, whiteness, and luster of multifilament polyester woven fabrics based on weave pattern, weft density, dye concentration, and interaction between super bright warp yarns and semi dull weft yarns. Plain, weft rib (2/2), sateen (1/4)(3) and steep twill(2/3) was selected as weave pattern. Warp yarn type and its count, and warp density were kept constant. Measurement of whiteness was conducted on pre-treated un-dyed fabric samples. Color difference and luster of samples was evaluated after dying in warp and weft direction separately. Plain and weft rib (2/2) weaves showed the lowest and highest value of whiteness and luster respectively. Interaction between weave pattern and application of super bright yarn as warp was obtained in these parameters. The luster and whiteness of samples was decreased by increase in weft density. The trend of luster and color difference in weft and warp direction by increasing the weft density was not similar and was dependent on dye concentration and effectiveness of super bright warp yarns according to fabric pattern. Woven fabrics with steep twill (2/3) and weft rib (2/2) revealed the highest values of color difference compared with plain and sateen (1/4)(3) in warp direction. In weft direction, plain weave showed the lowest value of color difference and all three others had almost the same level of color difference. Moreover, the visual assessment was organized based on twenty-two observers in standard condition and D65 light source.

scholarly journals Frictional Behavior of Plain Woven Fabrics Constructed from Polyester and Cotton Yarns in Different Environmental Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 155892501200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Arshi ◽  
AliAsghar Asgharian Jeddi ◽  
AliAsghar Katbab
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Warp Yarn ◽  
Polyester Fabrics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cotton Yarns

Frictional characteristics of woven fabrics can determine smoothness and softness values of the fabric. Moreover different environmental conditions can leads to change the properties of the weaves. In this paper, we studied the effect of temperature and relative humidity variations on the frictional properties of cotton and polyester fabrics. Plain woven fabrics were produced with polyester warp yarn and two different weft yarns (cotton and polyester). Each fabric was examined in various temperatures and relative humilities; then the frictional forces measurement was carried out on the fabrics in warp over warp direction. The results show that there is a statistically significant difference between the frictional parameters. This difference relates to the type of fiber material (weft yarns), temperature, and relative humidity. In addition, the data reveal that cotton fabrics have more static and kinetic forces than polyester fabrics in all environmental conditions. Moreover, polyester fabrics exposed to a temperature of nearly 45°C and 100% RH, have the maximum smoothness. The highest roughness values for cotton fabrics were under conditions of 45°C and 20% RH.

Reduction of weaving process-induced warp yarn damage and crimp of leno scrims based on coarse high-performance fibers

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (16) ◽  
pp. 3326-3341
Author(s):  
D Weise ◽  
M Vorhof ◽  
R Brünler ◽  
C Sennewald ◽  
G Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Pattern Generation ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Warp Yarn ◽  
Tensile Forces ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
First Time

In this paper, a constructively and technologically modified leno loom is introduced, which enables for the first time the low-damage processing of coarse high-performance fibers such as heavy tows with a non-crimped warp and weft yarn system to scrims. The modified leno loom requires just a single shedding element to achieve the vertical and horizontal offset motion of the weft yarn system for pattern generation. These modifications allow the low-damage processing of coarse high-performance fibers in the warp (straight yarn) and the weft yarn systems to create leno fabrics. These leno fabrics produced with the modified loom are investigated experimentally. By means of a three-factorial analysis of variance, the influence of tensile forces operating during processing and weft density on the crimp and the tensile strength of the straight yarn is examined. It is revealed that the property degradation (tensile/breaking strength) of the straight yarn caused by the weaving process is drastically reduced to 4.2% compared to an unprocessed roving. The determined crimp of the straight yarn affected by process-inherent tensile forces is 0.1% at its maximum. Thus, the presented leno-woven fabrics offer an enormous application potential for the reinforcement of brittle matrices, such as ceramic or concrete.

scholarly journals Development of Models to Predict Tensile Strength of Cotton Woven Fabrics

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 155892501100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfiqar Ali Malik ◽  
Mumtaz Hasan Malik ◽  
Tanveer Hussain ◽  
Farooq Ahmed Arain
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Warp Yarn ◽  
Yarn Strength ◽  
Fabric Density ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
Fabric Strength

Tensile strength has been accepted as one of the most important performance attributes of woven textiles. In this work, multiple linear regression models are developed by using empirical data for the prediction of woven fabric tensile strength manufactured from cotton yarns. Tensile strength of warp & weft yarns, warp & weft fabric density, and weave design were used as input parameters to determine warp- and weft-way tensile strength of the woven fabrics. The developed models are able to predict the fabric strength with very good accuracy. Warp yarn strength and ends per 25 mm are found to be the most dominant factors influencing fabric strength in warp direction while weft yarn strength and picks per 25 mm are most vital in weft direction.

Triaxially Woven Fabrics: Their Structure and Properties

1971 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 637-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Skelton
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Resistance ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Open Area ◽  
Warp Yarn ◽  
Bending Behavior ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Weave Pattern

A loom developed for producing small samples of triaxially woven fabrics was used to weave experimental amounts of fabric from coarse string, from 3-ply, 840-den nylon yarn and from graphite yarn. The shedding and warp yarn indexing motions are controlled by a series of cams mounted on a cam roll. The sequence of cams can be changed to produce various weave patterns; changes in weave pattern can also be produced for any particular cam roll by varying the sequence of shedding and indexing motions. The nylon triaxial fabric and a range of square orthogonal fabrics woven from the same yarn were evaluated for various structural and mechanical properties. The stability of the triaxial fabric is much greater than that of an orthogonal fabric with the same percent open area. The triaxial fabric exhibits greater isotropy in its bending behavior and a greater shear resistance than a comparable orthogonal fabric.

The Effects of Jacquard Woven Fabric Constructional Parameters and Elastane Yarn on Bending Rigidity

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 155892501501000
Author(s):  
Gülcan Süle
Keyword(s):  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Bending Rigidity ◽  
Warp Yarn ◽  
Weft Direction ◽  
Bending Property ◽  
Yarn Count ◽  
Overall Bending

In this research, the bending property of jacquard woven fabrics and the effects of weft density, weft yarn count, weave, and Lycra inclusion in weft yarn on this property were investigated. Viscose filament warp yarn and polyester and polyester/Lycra weft yarns were used for weaving fabrics, and 4/1 and 7/1 satin weaves with the same jacquard design were used as the ground weave. Experimental results show that the bending rigidities of the fabrics in the warp directions increase as the weft density increases and the weft yarn gets thicker. The bending rigidities of the fabrics woven with a 4/1 satin weave in the warp direction are higher compared to the bending rigidities of the fabrics woven with a 7/1 satin weave in the same direction. Similar to the bending rigidities in the warp direction, as the weft density increases and the weft yarn gets thicker, the bending rigidities of the fabrics in the weft directions increase. When the weft yarn includes Lycra, the bending rigidity values of the fabric decrease in the weft direction. Additionally, similar to the bending rigidity in the warp direction, the jacquard woven fabrics with a 4/1 satin weave have a higher bending rigidity in the weft direction compared to the jacquard woven fabrics with a 7/1 satin weave. It was observed that when the weft density increases, the overall bending rigidities of the fabrics increase. Despite fabrics woven with a polyester/Lycra weft yarn having a thicker weft yarn and heavier weight with the same weft density and weave compared to fabrics woven with a polyester weft yarn, the bending rigidity values in the weft direction have a lower overall fabric bending rigidity.

scholarly journals Structure and breathability of silk/cashmere interwoven fabrics based on fractal theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 155892502097930
Author(s):  
Ying Chen ◽  
Lifan Mei ◽  
Qiuyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Warp Yarn ◽  
Moisture Permeability ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

The fractal weave has a different appearance from the traditional weaves, and the fabric performances such as air and moisture comfort have not been studied. The relationship between the fabric structure and performance of the fractal weaves is not yet clear. In this paper, the corresponding fractal weaves were generated based on the fractal theory, and the corresponding fabrics were woven using raw silk as the warp yarn and cashmere/water-soluble vinylon as the weft yarn. The structural parameters, air permeability and moisture permeability were tested. The results show that fabric moisture permeability are not closely related with the three weave parameters of fractal dimension, average float length and weave coefficient. Its conduction mechanism is different from air permeability. The average floating length, fractal dimension, and its parameter combinations have a good fitting relationship with air permeability, and the polynomial fitting R2 can reach to 0.99938. The fitting formula 8 has guiding significance for the design of fabrics with certain air permeability requirements.

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