In VitroAntioxidant, Antibacterial, and Cytotoxic Activity andIn VivoEffect ofSyngonium podophyllumandEichhornia crassipesLeaf Extracts on Isoniazid Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepatic Markers
The present study reports thein vitroantioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic potential ofSyngonium podophyllum(SP) andEichhornia crassipes(EC) leaf aqueous extracts as well as theirin vivoeffect on oxidative stress and hepatic biomarkers in isoniazid induced rats. Phytochemical screening of extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, reducing sugars, alkaloids, and saponins. Phenolic content in SP and EC extracts was5.36±0.32and10.63±0.13 mg PGE/g, respectively, while flavonoid content was1.26±0.03and0.51±0.03 μg QE/mg, respectively. EC extract exhibited comparatively better antioxidant activity as indicated by reducing power (0.197–0.775), DPPH radical scavenging potential (11%–96%), and metal ion chelating ability (42%–93%). Both the extracts provided 13%–65% protection against lipid peroxidation in rat tissue (liver, kidney, and brain) homogenate. SP and EC extracts exhibited 51% and 43% cytotoxicity against lung cancer (NCI-H322) cell line, respectively. Both extracts demonstrated considerable antibacterial activity againstProteus vulgaris,Salmonella typhi, andBordetella bronchiseptica. Coadministration ofE. crassipesextract with isoniazid in rats accounted for 46% decrease in malondialdehyde content and 21% increase in FRAP value of plasma. It also mitigated the isoniazid induced alterations in serum enzymes (SGOT, SGPT, and ALP), total bilirubin, creatinine, and hemoglobin contents.S. podophyllumextract was found to be hepatotoxic.