scholarly journals Clinical Efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam. Stems Bark in Urinary Tract Infections

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar Maurya ◽  
Anil Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trial Group ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Trial Drug ◽  
Tract Infections

Objective. Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common problem in clinical practice. Usually they are asymptomatic and are commonly present with distressing symptoms like pain and burning sensation on urination. Antibiotics are widely used to treat UTIs; however, they have their own limitations like resistance, reinfection, and relapses. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the value of Moringa oleifera Lam. stem bark as a potential medicine for UTIs. Study Design. 30 patients with UTI were randomly divided into two groups with 15 patients in each group. Shigru bark was given to patients of the first group (trial group) and modern medicines were prescribed to the other group of patients. At least three follow-ups are taken in both groups at the end of every week of treatment. Results. After treatment 66.67 % were cured, 13.33 % improved, 13.33% patients have no change, and 6.67% relapsed in trial group and in control group 46.67% were cured, 26.66% improved, 6.67% patients have no change, and 20% relapsed. Interpretation and Conclusion. The trial drug is significant in the management of UTI. This study needs to be done on a large scale and for a long time.

scholarly journals Participatory continuous nursing using the WeChat platform for patients with spinal cord injuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 030006052110161
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Qiao-Ping Li ◽  
Bi-Hong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Family Function ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Compliance Behaviour

Objective The study aim was to analyse the effect of participatory continuous nursing using the WeChat platform on the complications, family function and compliance of patients with spinal cord injuries. Methods This was a randomized controlled trial. Seventy-eight patients with stable disease treated by internal fixation were enrolled in the study from August 2017 to August 2019 and assigned equally to an observation group and a control group. The control group received regular care from the time of discharge. The observation group used the WeChat platform to participate in continuous care. Results Six months after discharge, the continuous nursing group had a significantly lower incidence of pressure ulcers, urinary tract infections, joint contractures and muscle atrophy than the control group. The continuous nursing group showed a significant improvement in family function level and compliance behaviour at 3 and 6 months after discharge. Conclusion A participation-based continuous nursing intervention using the WeChat platform can reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers, urinary tract infections, joint contracture and muscle atrophy; improve patient family function; and promote healthy compliance behaviour.

Weekly Sequential Antibioprophylaxis for Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections Among Patients With Neurogenic Bladder: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélien Dinh ◽  
Marie-Charlotte Hallouin-Bernard ◽  
Benjamin Davido ◽  
Adrien Lemaignen ◽  
Frédérique Bouchand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Neurogenic Bladder ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Recurrent urinary tract infections (R-UTIs) are the main cause of morbidity and hospitalizations in subjects with neurogenic bladder (NB) due to spinal cord injury (SCI). We evaluated the efficacy of weekly oral cyclic antibiotic (WOCA) prophylaxis (ie, the alternate weekly administration of 2 antibiotics) in preventing R-UTIs. Methods Randomized (1:1), open-label, superiority-controlled trial compared WOCA prophylaxis to no prophylaxis (control) for 6 months in patients with NB due to SCI, using clean intermittent self-catheterization, and suffering from R-UTIs. Primary outcome was incidence of symptomatic antibiotic-treated UTIs. Secondary outcomes were number of febrile UTIs, number of hospitalizations, WOCA tolerance, antibiotic consumption, number of negative urine cultures, and emergence of bacterial resistance in urinary, intestinal, and nasal microbiota. Results Forty-five patients were either allocated to the WOCA group (n = 23) or the control group (n = 22). Median (IQR) incidence of symptomatic antibiotic-treated UTIs was 1.0 (0.5–2.5) in the WOCA group versus 2.5 (1.2–4.0) (P = .0241) in the control group. No febrile UTIs were recorded in the WOCA group versus 9 (45.0%) (P < .001) in the control group. The median number of additional antibiotic treatment was 0.0 (IQR, 0.0–2.0) versus 3.0 (2.0–5.0) (P = .004) in the WOCA and control groups, respectively. Only few adverse events were reported. No impact on emergence of bacterial resistance was observed. Conclusions WOCA is efficient and well tolerated in preventing R-UTIs in SCI patients. In our study, we did not observe any emergence of antibiotic resistance in digestive and nasal microbiological cultures. Clinical Trials Registration NCT01388413.

scholarly journals Diversity and Population Overlap between Avian and HumanEscherichia coliBelonging to Sequence Type 95

mSphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen L. Jørgensen ◽  
Marc Stegger ◽  
Eglé Kudirkiene ◽  
Berit Lilje ◽  
Louise L. Poulsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Avian Host ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACTAvian-pathogenicEscherichia coli(APEC) is a subgroup of extraintestinal pathogenicE.coli(ExPEC) presumed to be zoonotic and to represent an external reservoir for extraintestinal infections in humans, including uropathogenicE. coli(UPEC) causing urinary tract infections. Comparative genomics has previously been applied to investigate whether APEC and human ExPEC are distinct entities. Even so, whole-genome-based studies are limited, and large-scale comparisons focused on single sequence types (STs) are not available yet. In this study, comparative genomic analysis was performed on 323 APEC and human ExPEC genomes belonging to sequence type 95 (ST95) to investigate whether APEC and human ExPEC are distinct entities. Our study showed that APEC of ST95 did not constitute a unique ExPEC branch and was genetically diverse. A large genetic overlap between APEC and certain human ExPEC was observed, with APEC located on multiple branches together with closely related human ExPEC, including nearly identical APEC and human ExPEC. These results illustrate that certain ExPEC clones may indeed have the potential to cause infection in both poultry and humans. Previously described ExPEC-associated genes were found to be encoded on ColV plasmids. These virulence-associated plasmids seem to be crucial for ExPEC strains to cause avian colibacillosis and are strongly associated with strains of the mixed APEC/human ExPEC clusters. The phylogenetic analysis revealed two distinct branches consisting of exclusively closely related human ExPEC which did not carry the virulence-associated plasmids, emphasizing a lower avian virulence potential of human ExPEC in relation to an avian host.IMPORTANCEAPEC causes a range of infections in poultry, collectively called colibacillosis, and is the leading cause of mortality and is associated with major economic significance in the poultry industry. A growing number of studies have suggested APEC as an external reservoir of human ExPEC, including UPEC, which is a reservoir. ExPEC belonging to ST95 is considered one of the most important pathogens in both poultry and humans. This study is the first in-depth whole-genome-based comparison of ST95E. coliwhich investigates both the core genomes as well as the accessory genomes of avian and human ExPEC. We demonstrated that multiple lineages of ExPEC belonging to ST95 exist, of which the majority may cause infection in humans, while only part of the ST95 cluster seem to be avian pathogenic. These findings further support the idea that urinary tract infections may be a zoonotic infection.

PHYSICAL AND SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENT GIRLS WITH RECURRENT URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
G. M. Letifov ◽  
Yu. Yu. Chebotareva ◽  
E. G. Gorban’ ◽  
Z. A. Kostoeva
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Gynecological Examination ◽  
Frequent Relapses ◽  
Tract Infections

THE AIM: to study the peculiarities of physical and sexual development of adolescent girls with recurrent urinary tract infections.PATIENTS AND METHODS. Examined 70 adolescent girls aged 16 – 18 years with exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis (CP): 1 group  (n=43) – with rare relapse history (relapses pyelonephritis from 1 to 3 times during the period of the disease, rCP) and group 2 (n=27)  with frequent relapses (more than 3 times a year, fCP). The control  group (n=30) consisted of practically healthy adolescent girls of the  same age. Anthropometry, evaluation of sexual development,  specialized gynecological examination, determination of serum  hormones, ultrasound examination of the reproductive organs were  carried out. Statistical processing of research results was performed  using the software packages Statistica 6.0 ("StatSoft Inc", USA) and  statistical analysis Microsoft Office Excel 2003" ("Microsoft Corporation", USA).RESULTS. It was revealed that in patients with rCP, compared with  girls of the 1st and control groups, there was a lower growth, a  decrease in the basic pelvic dimensions, against the background of a  tendency to increase weight, there were some variants of sexual  disorders, more often than in other groups there were early pubarche and later menarche. Established significant increase in the level of LH, testosterone and DHEA-S in the background of  hypoprogesteronemia. The rate of hyperpolymenorrhea, uterine  bleeding and primary oligomenorrhea was significantly higher, were often found emerging polycystic ovary syndrome and chronic vulvovaginitis.CONCLUSION. Patients with frequent recurrence of urinary tract  infections have a variety of constitutional features, a tendency to  metabolic syndrome development, expressed hormonal status  violations. The detected increase in testosterone levels contributes to the emerging polycystic ovaries syndrome development.

Current Status of Screening Children for Urinary Tract Infections

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-621
Author(s):  
Calvin M. Kunin
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Considerable Morbidity ◽  
Tract Infections

There is ample evidence that significant bacteriuria is frequent enough and procedures for mass screening are sufficiently developed to enable this country to mount a large scale program directed to the early detection of urinary tract infections. Information is now available on the epidemiology of bacteriuria, the frequency of associated structural abnormalities and methods to provide effective management. It is also clear that most female children with urinary tract infection generally will have a good prognosis. Few will develop endstage renal failure, but symptomatic infection is commonly associated with considerable morbidity. Unfortunately, it is not as yet possible to predict which child is at high risk of developing serious complications without searching for structural or neurologic abnormalities or by following individual patterns of recurrence. The ultimate impact on health and longevity is unknown even using data from the most structured programs. There is also the danger that mass programs may lead to false hope and eventual disillusionment if they are limited to detect infection and do not provide for further diagnostic, therapeutic and long-term follow-up of patients. For these reasons, urinary tract infection detection programs must be designed in relation to the realities of the current medical care system, the goals should be clearly defined and the expected result be stated honestly. AIMS OF THE PROGRAM There are two major reasons for screening children for urinary tract infection. One is to prevent the considerable morbidity from symptomatic infection and its complications so common in females throughout life. The other is to detect the population (often with anatomical abnormalities) at risk of developing pyelonephritis and subsequent renal damage.

Features of the vaginal microbiota in recurrent urinary tract infections in childhood

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
Yu. Yu. Chebotareva ◽  
G. M. Letifov ◽  
Z. A. Kostoeva ◽  
E. I. Loginov ◽  
M. Yu. Tangieva
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
The State ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Recurrent Uti ◽  
Facultative Anaerobes ◽  
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Tract Infections

BACKGROUND. Currently, there is a stable deterioration in the somatic health of preschool-age girls, which creates a real threat to the realization of reproductive function in the future. The state of vaginal microbiocenosis in preschool girls suffering from recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) remains a little-studied problem.THE AIM: to assess the state of the vaginal biotope in preschool girls suffering from recurrent UTIs.PATIENTS AND METHODS. 92 girls aged 3-6 years were examined, of which: group 1 (n=32) - patients with recurrent UTI; group 2 (n=30) - patients with rare UTI; group 3 (n=30) - girls of 1,2 health groups. Vaginal microbiocenosis was assessed by quantitative PCR using the «Femoflor-17 test system». Statistical analysis was performed using the application program "Statistica 6.0 for Windows".RESULTS. Facultative anaerobes predominate in the vaginal microbiocenosis of patients with UTI, the absolute content of which is significantly higher in patients with the recurrent course (p <0.05). The relative number of facultative anaerobes is significantly higher in patients with rare UTIs (p<0.05). In patients with recurrent UTI, the absolute and relative content of obligate anaerobes is lower than in patients with rare UTI and girls from the control group. The index of total bacterial mass in patients with UTI, compared with girls of the control group, is significantly higher (p<0.05). In patients with UTI, an increase in the colonies of the Enterobacteriacea family and a decrease in obligate anaerobes were determined in comparison with similar indicators of girls in the control group.CONCLUSION. The presence of recurrent UTI in preschool girls is a risk factor for the development of the severe vaginal dysbiotic condition. Rare UTIs can also be a risk of developing vaginal dysbiosis. Real-time multi-dimensional PCR provides quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the conditionally pathogenic flora of the vaginal biotope.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a simple intervention for prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections on a medical hospital unit

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 221-227
Author(s):  
Anita G Au ◽  
Sabin Shurraw ◽  
Holly Hoang ◽  
Sukun Wang ◽  
Xiaoming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Urinary Catheters ◽  
Indwelling Catheter ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Urinary Catheterisation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Intervention Unit

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common hospital-acquired infections with 80% as a result of urinary catheterisation. Aim/Objective: This study examined the impact of a simple intervention consisting of a daily chart reminder in patients with indwelling urinary catheters (IUC) on the duration of catheter use and the incidence of catheter-associated UTIs (CAUTIs). Methods: The trial used a prospective pretest–post-test design with a control group over a six-month period conducted on two medical units of a community teaching hospital. We included all patients admitted to two medical units between 1 June and 30 November 2016 who had an IUC inserted at the study site. During the intervention phase, a sticker was placed in the charts of patients with urinary catheters reminding physicians to assess for catheter removal if not clinically necessary. Results: A total of 195 patients participated in this study (112 control unit, 83 intervention unit). There was a decrease in the duration of IUC use on the intervention unit from 11.7 days to 7.5 days ( P = 0.0028). There was a decrease in repeated catheterisation from 11.1% to 2.1% ( P = 0.0882), and CAUTIs from 17.5% to 4.6% ( P = 0.0552) but this did not reach statistical significance. Discussion: The implementation of a daily IUC reminder sticker in patient charts was associated with a significant reduction in the mean duration of indwelling catheter use with a trend towards a reduction in the frequency of repeated urinary catheterisation and rate of CAUTIs.

Using A Criteria-Based Reminder To Reduce Use Of Indwelling Urinary Catheters And Decrease Urinary Tract Infections

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin-Yin Chen ◽  
Mei-Man Chi ◽  
Yu-Chih Chen ◽  
Yu-Jiun Chan ◽  
Shin-Shang Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Urinary Catheterization ◽  
Urinary Catheters ◽  
Urinary Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Background Duration of indwelling urinary catheterization is an important risk factor for urinary tract infection. Objectives To determine whether a reminder approach reduces the use of urinary catheters and the incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Methods A randomized control trial was performed in 2 respiratory intensive care units in a 2990-bed tertiary referral medical center. Patients who had urinary catheters in place for more than 2 days from April through November 2008 were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (use of a criteria-based reminder to remove the catheter) or the control group (no reminder). Results A total of 278 patients were recruited. Utilization rate of indwelling urinary catheters was decreased by 22% in the intervention group compared with the control group (relative risk, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.76-0.80; P &lt; .001). The intervention significantly shortened the median duration of catheterization (7 days vs 11 days for the control group; P &lt; .001). The success rate for removing the catheters in the intervention group by day 7 was 88%. The reminder intervention reduced the incidence of catheter-associated infections by 48% (relative risk, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.32-0.86; P = .009) in the intervention group compared with the control group. Conclusions Use of a criteria-based reminder to remove indwelling urinary catheters can diminish the use of urinary catheterization and reduce the likelihood of catheter-associated urinary infections. This reminder approach can prevent catheter-associated urinary infections, and its use should be strongly considered as a way to enhance the safety of patients. (American Journal of Critical Care. 2013;22:105–114)

scholarly journals Promising Roles of Alternative Medicine and Plant-Based Nanotechnology as Remedies for Urinary Tract Infections

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 5593
Author(s):  
Harish Chandra ◽  
Chanchal Singh ◽  
Pragati Kumari ◽  
Saurabh Yadav ◽  
Abhay P. Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Functional Abnormality ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Time Usage ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are considered to be the most common infections worldwide, having an incidence rate of 40−60% in women. Moreover, the prevalence of this disorder in adult women is 30 times more than in men. UTIs are usually found in many hospitals and clinical practice; as disorders, they are complicated and uncomplicated; in uncomplicated cases, there is no structural or functional abnormality in the urogenital tract. However, obstruction, retention of urine flow and use of catheters increase the complexity. There are several bacteria (e.g., E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, etc.) successfully residing in the tract. The diagnosis must not only be accurate but rapid, so early detection is an important step in the control of UTIs caused by uropathogens. The treatment of UTIs includes appropriate antimicrobial therapy to control the infection and kill the causal microbes inside the body. A long-time usage of antibiotics has resulted in multidrug resistance causing an impediment in treatment. Thus, alternative, combinatorial medication approaches have given some hope. Available treatments considered Homeopathic, Ayurvedic, Unani, and other herbal-based drugs. There are new upcoming roles of nanoparticles in combating UTIs which needs further validation. The role of medicinal plant-based nanotechnology approaches has shown promising results. Therefore, there must be active research in phyto-based therapies of UTIs, such as Ayurvedic Biology.

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