scholarly journals Immunological Parameters Associated With Vitiligo Treatments: A Literature Review Based on Clinical Studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cláudia Guimarães Abreu ◽  
Gabriela Guy Duarte ◽  
Juliana Yasmin Pains Miranda ◽  
Daniel Gontijo Ramos ◽  
Camila Gontijo Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
World Population ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Main Cell Type

Vitiligo, a depigmentary disorder, caused by the loss of melanocytes, affects approximately 1% of the world population, irrespective of skin type, with a serious psychological impact on the patient quality of life. So far, the origin of vitiligo has not been traced and the pathogenesis is complex, involving the interplay of a multitude of variables. Although there is no treatment that ensures the complete cure of the disorder, there are some pharmacological, phototherapy, and surgical therapies available. A series of variables can affect treatment outcome, such as individual characteristics, emotional issues, type of vitiligo, stability of the lesions, and immunological status. The present literature review identified the main immunological parameters associated with treatments for vitiligo. Cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes are the main cell type involved in treatment success, as fewer cells in skin lesions are associated with better results. Other parameters such as cytokines and regulatory T cells may also be involved. Further clinical scientific studies are needed to elucidate the complex mechanisms underlying vitiligo and its treatments, in order to expand the range of therapeutic approaches for each individual case.

scholarly journals Vitiligo: What’s old, what’s new

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariabeatrice Bertolani ◽  
Eleonora Rodighiero ◽  
Maria Beatrice De Felici del Giudice ◽  
Torello Lotti ◽  
Claudio Feliciani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
World Population ◽  
Histological Criteria ◽  
The World ◽  
Cd8 Cell

Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentary disorder afflicting 0.5-2% of the world population for both sexes and all races with a capricious and unpredictable course. It has a complex etiology and varies in its manifestation, progression and response to treatment. Even if the precise aetiology and pathobiology of the disease are complex and still debated, recent evidence supports that vitiligo is a T CD8+ cell-mediated autoimmune disease triggered by oxidative stress. To date no clinical, biological and histological criteria allow us to establish the prognosis with certainty. The choice of the best therapy for adult and childhood vitiligo is based on various factors, such as the patient’s age, psychological condition and expectations, distribution and extension of skin lesions, type of vitiligo (stable or not) and availability and cost of therapeutic options. Since vitiligo has a deep psychological impact on patients and their quality of life, treating the disease is very important. As dermatologists, we have important goals in the treatment of vitiligo patients: stabilization of the disease progression, repigmentation of the lesions and especially the persistence of the aforementioned repigmentation. Although several medical and surgical therapeutic options have been proposed, no definite cure has yet been developed and the long-term persistence of repigmentation is unpredictable. We review the different therapeutic options with particular attention on the recurrence rate.

The Social and Psychological Impact of Superficial Dermatophytic Infection using Dlqi and Ghq-12: A Cross-Sectional Study in 174 Patients at a Tertiary Care Centre in Southern-East Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Shivani Saini ◽  
◽  
Agarwal Shail ◽  
Jain Manish ◽  
Yadav Devendra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Population ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Background: Dermatophytosis is a common fungal infection affecting 20-25% of the world population. Aims: Our study was aimed to assess its impact on health-related quality of life(QoL), mental health, and various variables. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done from April 2019 to September 2019 on 174 patients of dermatophytosis of aged more than 16 years with their informed consent. The impact of infection on the quality of life was assessed by using the Dermatology life quality index questionnaire and General health questionnaire-12 was used to assess psychological impact. A visual analogue scale was used to assess the severity of pruritus. Appropriate statistical tests were applied. Results: Males to females ratio was 1.4:1. The age group of 21-30 was having the highest number of patients with the mean age of 27.8±9.97. Most patients had BSA under 10%. The mean value of DLQI and GHQ-12 were found 15.989±7.407 and 2.8563±2.8964, respectively. We found that dermatophytosis had a very large effect on the quality of life as the maximum number of patients(39%) were within this category. The “work and school” part in the questionnaire gained maximum importance(52.8%). The mean VAS score was 6±2.733 with most patients(32.7%) had moderate itching. We found a positive correlation between VAS and DLQI, VAS and GHQ-12, DLQI, and GHQ-12 with the statistical significance. Conclusion: In our study dermatophytosis affected the quality of life as well as the psychological health of patients. Therefore proper treatment of superficial dermatophtytosis is essential to prevent it from further complications

scholarly journals Quality of life in thyroid cancer patients: a literature review

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Bãrbuş ◽  
Claudiu Peştean ◽  
Maria Iulia Larg ◽  
Doina Piciu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Patients With Cancer

Introduction. Quality of life (QoL) has received increasing interest in the last years, especially in patients with cancer. This article aims to analyze a selection of medical research papers regarding the quality of life in patients with thyroid carcinoma. We overviewed the main QoL aspects derived from several studies and highlighted those less researched issues, which could represent a solid base for future clinical studies.Method. We used an integrative selection method of medical literature, choosing mostly "free access" studies, as it was considered that they could be easily viewed, searched and researched including by patients.Results. After an integrative literature review, we selected 16 relevant studies. Patients with thyroid cancer have several factors influencing their QoL, with both physical and psychological impact. The decisive factors are the quality of the surgical act, radioiodine therapy, follow-up using rh-TSH vs. hormonal withdrawal, access to behavioral help and the relationship with their physician.Conclusion. We must understand the emotional impact of the cancer diagnosis on the patient and we must collaborate in order to help the patient restore the psychosomatic balance and to recover the quality of life.

scholarly journals Influence of Bone Definition and Finite Element Parameters in Bone and Dental Implants Stress: A Literature Review

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
María Prados-Privado ◽  
Carlos Martínez-Martínez ◽  
Sergio A. Gehrke ◽  
Juan Carlos Prados-Frutos
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Ductile Material ◽  
Convergence Criteria ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Key Factor

Bone plays an important role in dental implant treatment success. The goal of this literature review is to analyze the influence of bone definition and finite element parameters on stress in dental implants and bone in numerical studies. A search was conducted of Pubmed, Science Direct and LILACS, and two independent reviewers performed the data extraction. The quality of the selected studies was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook tool for clinical trials. Seventeen studies were included. Titanium was the most commonly-used material in dental implants. The magnitude of the applied loads varied from 15 to 300 N with a mean of 182 N. Complete osseointegration was the most common boundary condition. Evidence from this review suggests that bone is commonly defined as an isotropic material, despite being an anisotropic tissue, and that it is analyzed as a ductile material, instead of as a fragile material. In addition, and in view of the data analyzed in this review, it can be concluded that there is no standardization for conducting finite element studies in the field of dentistry. Convergence criteria are only detailed in two of the studies included in this review, although they are a key factor in obtaining accurate results in numerical studies. It is therefore necessary to implement a methodology that indicates which parameters a numerical simulation must include, as well as how the results should be analyzed.

scholarly journals Lesões de pele relacionadas ao uso de adesivos: cuidados para sua prevenção como condição para assistência segura e de qualidade

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (29) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Jaqueline Almeida Guimarães Barbosa ◽  
Marina Celly Martins Ribeiro de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Heath Care ◽  
Provision Of Care ◽  
Actual Size

Lesões de pele relacionadas ao uso de adesivos não são ocorrências raras, sendo negligenciadas por muitos profissionais. Objetivo: Discorrer acerca da ocorrência de lesões por adesivos na assistência em saúde e formas de prevenção como condição para o cuidado de enfermagem seguro e de qualidade. Este trabalho foi realizado com base em revisão da literatura. Resultados: Estudos com essa temática são escassos no Brasil e na literatura internacional. Investigações internacionais mostram que o problema é recorrente nos serviços de saúde, e que os enfermeiros não têm conhecimentos aprofundados acerca dos adesivos utilizados na assistência. No Brasil não há estudos epidemiológicos realizados com essa temática, não sendo conhecido o real tamanho do problema. Conclusão: A enfermagem precisa aprofundar o conhecimento quanto às propriedades dos fixadores adesivos, bem como sobre as técnicas de inserção e remoção dos mesmos. Precisa analisar os resultados da assistência por ela prestada e buscar conhecer os avanços tecnológicos relacionados aos insumos que utiliza na prestação do cuidado, a fim de que seja oferecido com qualidade e livre de eventos adversos.Descritores: Cuidados de Enfermagem, Segurança do Paciente, Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde. Skin lesions related to the use of adhesives: care for your prevention as a condition to secure assistance and qualityAbstract: Skin lesions related to the use of adhesives are not rare occurrences, being overlooked by many professionals. Objective: Discourse about the occurrence of injuries for adhesives in health assistance and ways to prevention as a condition for the nursing care insurance and quality. This work was done based on literature review. Results: this thematic studies are scarce in Brazil and in the international literature. International investigations show that the problem is recurring in the health services, and that nurses do not have in-depth knowledge about the stickers used on assistance. In Brazil there are no epidemiological studies carried out on this subject, it is not known the actual size of the problem..Conclusion: the nursing needs to deepen the knowledge about the properties of adhesives, fasteners, as well as on insertion and removal techniques. Need to analyze the results of the assistance she provided and get to meet technological advances related to the inputs it uses in the provision of care, in order to care that is offered with quality and free of adverse events.Descriptors: Nursing Care, Patiente Safety, Quality of Heath Care. Lesiones relacionadas con el uso de adhesivos de la piel: cuidado para su prevención como condición para garantizar la asistencia y calidadResumen: Las Lesiones cutáneas relacionadas con el uso de adhesivos no son casos raros, son pasado por alto por muchos profesionales. Objetivo: Discutir la aparición de lesiones adhesivos en la atención médica y formas de prevención como condición para la atención de enfermería segura y de calidad. Este trabajo fue cumplido en base a la revisión de literatura. Resultados: los estudios de esta temática son escasos en Brasil y en literatura internacional. Las investigaciones internacionales demuestran que el problema es recurrente en los servicios de salud, y que las enfermeras no tienen conocimiento sobre los adhesivos utilizados en la asistencia. En Brasil no hay estudios epidemiológicos realizados con este tema, se desconoce  el tamaño real del problema. Conclusion: la enfermería tiene que profundizar en el conocimiento sobre las propiedades de los adhesivos, fijadores, así como en técnicas de inserción y extracción. Es necesario analizar los resultados de la asistencia que proporciona y llegar a conocer los avances de tecnología relacionada con los insumos utiliza en la prestación de la atención, para que se ofrezca con calidad y sin de eventos adversos.Descriptores: Atención de Enfermería, Seguridad del Paciente, Calidad de la Atención de Salud.

scholarly journals Skin Deep? : A scoping literature review of the psychological impact of Acne Vulgaris on patients and the role of the Psychiatrist

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S231-S232
Author(s):  
Stephanie Adeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Scoping Literature Review ◽  
The Impact

AimsThis literature review aims to assess existing scientific literature on the psychological impact of Acne Vulgaris on adolescents and adults and the role that Psychiatrists can play in supporting these patients. The hypothesis of this literature review is that all patients with Acne Vulgaris should have their quality of life assessed in order to identify those who require additional support.BackgroundThe link between Psychiatry and Dermatology is becoming increasingly recognised. Resources on the British Association of Dermatologists’ website are often distributed to patients by Dermatologists in order to assess the impact that a skin condition has had on a patient's life. Acne Vulgaris is a psychophysiological skin condition that impacts up to 95% of people to some extent from the ages of 11 to 30 years old. Due to its prevalence it is essential that the psychological burden of Acne Vulgaris on patients is understood.MethodLiterature written since 2011 was searched identified from: PsychINFO, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PUBMED. The search strategy key words were: acne vulgaris, mental health, psychiatry, anxiety and depression. Arksey and O'Malley's framework was utilised to conduct a scoping literature review. Data were collated and summarized thematically.ResultA total of 72 studies were included representing over 14,000 adults and adolescents with Acne Vulgaris from the following countries: Egypt, Nigeria, Turkey, India, Lithuania, UK, USA, Iran, Pakistan and Spain.Screening tools such as the Global Acne Grading System (GAGS), The Acne Quality of Life Scale (AQLS), the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI), and the State Trait Anxiety Index STAI (Y-1) form were utilised in order to identify the impact of Acne Vulgaris on patients’ quality of life and mental health. The data clearly showed the significant psychological burden that patients with Acne Vulgaris can experience. There was a clear trend of low self-esteem, lack of self-confidence, social withdrawal, depression (ranging from 23.1% to 62% of study participants), anxiety (ranging from 38.4% to 51%) and even suicidal ideation (ranging from 12.9% to 20.1%). Literature also suggested a higher prevalence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder in patients with Acne Vulgaris which should be considered and screened for.ConclusionThis scoping literature review has highlighted the significant psychological burdensome acne patients can experience. Given the prevalence of the condition Psychiatrists do have a role in working with Dermatologists to ensure appropriate screening tools are utilised and patients are able to access appropriate support.

Effect of Computerized Auditory Training on Speech Perception of Adults With Hearing Impairment

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Pizarek ◽  
Valeriy Shafiro ◽  
Patricia McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Communicative Disorders ◽  
And Training

Computerized auditory training (CAT) is a convenient, low-cost approach to improving communication of individuals with hearing loss or other communicative disorders. A number of CAT programs are being marketed to patients and audiologists. The present literature review is an examination of evidence for the effectiveness of CAT in improving speech perception in adults with hearing impairments. Six current CAT programs, used in 9 published studies, were reviewed. In all 9 studies, some benefit of CAT for speech perception was demonstrated. Although these results are encouraging, the overall quality of available evidence remains low, and many programs currently on the market have not yet been evaluated. Thus, caution is needed when selecting CAT programs for specific patients. It is hoped that future researchers will (a) examine a greater number of CAT programs using more rigorous experimental designs, (b) determine which program features and training regimens are most effective, and (c) indicate which patients may benefit from CAT the most.

Covid-19 Pandemic And Sustainabilitystudy At Madrasah Ibtidaiyyahpsm Sulursewu, Teguhan, Ngawi, East Java

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
Moh. Toriqul Chaer ◽  
Muhammad Atabiqul As'ad ◽  
Qusnul Khorimah ◽  
Erik Sujarwanto
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Learning Programs ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The Government

The continuity of learning programs during the COVID-19 pandemic found educational institutions, especially Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah (MI) temporarily closed the learning process in schools. To prevent the spread of COVID-19 that is currently engulfing Indonesia. Lack of preparation, readiness and learning strategies have a psychological impact on teachers and students. Declining quality of skills, lack of supporting facilities and infrastructure. Learning from home (online) is an effort by the government program to ensure the continuity of learning in the pandemic period. The research method uses participatory action research (PAR), which focuses on understanding social phenomena that occur in the community and mentoring efforts on the problems faced. The assistance effort is to help the children of MI Sulursewu, Ngawi in participating in online learning related to; 1). Preparation of activities, 2). Counselling participants offline method, 3). Offline activities method. Results of the study show that the mentoring activities following the target of achievement; first, the activity can be carried out following the schedule that has been set. Second, students are always on time for the online learning hours that have been set. Offline methods show that efforts can help ease the burden on parents, but can also make it easier for students to receive subject matter.  

HASTANELERİN HİZMET KALİTESİNİN HASTA TATMİN ÖLÇEĞİ İLE ÖLÇÜLMESİ: KARABÜK DEVLET HASTANESİNDE YATAN HASTALAR ÜZERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA THE MEASUREMENT SERVICE QUALITY OF THE HOSPITALS BY THE PATIENT SCALE: A RESEARCH ON THE PATIENTS IN KARABUK STATE HOSP

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Selçuk Yurtsever
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
State Hospital ◽  
Continuous Change ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Factors

It has been known that both in the world and in Turkey a continuous change has been experienced in the provision of health services in recent years. In this sense by adopting the customer(client) focused approach of either public or private sector hospitals; it has been seen that they are in the struggle for presenting a right, fast, trustuble, comfy service. The purpose of this research is to measure the satisfaction degree, expectations and perceptions of the patients in Karabük State Hospital through comparison. In this context, the patient satisfaction scale which has been developed as a result of literature review has been used and by this scale it has been tried to measure the satisfaction levels of the patients in terms of material and human factors which are the two main factors of the service that was presented. In the study, with the scales of Servqual and 0-100 Points together, in the part of the analysis MANOVA have been used. The expectations and the perceptions of the patient has been compared first by generally and then by separating to different groups according to the various criterias and in thisway it has been tried to be measured their satisfaction levels. According to the results that were obtained, although, the satisfaction levels of the patients who have taken service from Karabük State Hospital are high in terms of thedoctors and the nurses; it has been reached to the result that their satisfaction levels are low in terms of the materials that have been used at the presenting of the service and the management.

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