scholarly journals Twenty-Four-Hour Urine Osmolality as a Physiological Index of Adequate Water Intake

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica T. Perrier ◽  
Inmaculada Buendia-Jimenez ◽  
Mariacristina Vecchio ◽  
Lawrence E. Armstrong ◽  
Ivan Tack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Total Fluid Intake ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Plasma Vasopressin ◽  
Dietary Reference Values ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Dose Response Effect

While associations exist between water, hydration, and disease risk, research quantifying the dose-response effect of water on health is limited. Thus, the water intake necessary to maintain optimal hydration from a physiological and health standpoint remains unclear. The aim of this analysis was to derive a 24 h urine osmolality (UOsm) threshold that would provide an index of “optimal hydration,” sufficient to compensate water losses and also be biologically significant relative to the risk of disease. Ninety-five adults (31.5 ± 4.3 years, 23.2 ± 2.7 kg·m−2) collected 24 h urine, provided morning blood samples, and completed food and fluid intake diaries over 3 consecutive weekdays. A UOsmthreshold was derived using 3 approaches, taking into account European dietary reference values for water; total fluid intake, and urine volumes associated with reduced risk for lithiasis and chronic kidney disease and plasma vasopressin concentration. The aggregate of these approaches suggest that a 24 h urine osmolality ≤500 mOsm·kg−1may be a simple indicator of optimal hydration, representing a total daily fluid intake adequate to compensate for daily losses, ensure urinary output sufficient to reduce the risk of urolithiasis and renal function decline, and avoid elevated plasma vasopressin concentrations mediating the increased antidiuretic effort.

scholarly journals Drinking Water Upon Awakening, a Habit Related To a Higher Total Fluid Intake and Water Intake

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Guelinckx ◽  
Rizki Pohan ◽  
Romain Monrozier ◽  
Saptawati Bardosono
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Total Fluid Intake ◽  
Total Fluid

scholarly journals Harmonized Cross-Sectional Surveys Focused on Fluid Intake in Children, Adolescents and Adults: The Liq.In7 Initiative

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (Suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Homero Martinez ◽  
Isabelle Guelinckx ◽  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó ◽  
Joan Gandy ◽  
Stavros A. Kavouras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Total Fluid Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increase Water Intake ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Total Fluid

Objective: To assess the intake of water and all other beverages in children, adolescents and adults. Methods: Three thousand six hundred eleven children (8 ± 2 years), 8,109 adolescents (13 ± 2 years) and 16,276 adults (40 ± 14 years) (47% men) were recruited in 15 cross-sectional surveys (liquid intake across 7 days, Liq.In7 study) and completed a 7-day fluid-specific record to assess total fluid intake (TFI), where TFI was defined as the sum of drinking water and other type of beverages. Results: The median TFI was 1.2, 1.2 and 1.8 liters/day in children, adolescents and adults respectively, with important differences observed between countries. Only 39% of children, 25% of adolescents and 51% of adults met the European Food Safety Authority adequate intake (AI) recommendations of water from fluids. In the surveys of Spain, France, Belgium, Germany, Turkey, Iran, Indonesia and China, water was the major contributor (47-78%) to TFI. In the adult surveys of UK, Poland, Japan and Argentina, hot beverages were the highest contributor to TFI. The fluid intake of children and adolescents in Mexico, Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay was characterized by a contribution of juices and sweet beverages that was as important as the contribution of water to TFI. Conclusion: Given that a relatively high proportion of subjects, especially children and adolescents, failed to meet the recommended AI of water from fluids and that water intake was not the highest contributor to TFI in all countries, undertaking actions to increase water intake are warranted.

scholarly journals Analysis of 2009–2012 Nutrition Health and Examination Survey (NHANES) Data to Estimate the Median Water Intake Associated with Meeting Hydration Criteria for Individuals Aged 12–80 in the US Population

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jodi Dunmeyer Stookey
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Nhanes Iii ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Chronic Disease Risk ◽  
The Us ◽  
Standard Term ◽  
Males And Females

In 2005, US water intake recommendations were based on analyses of Nutrition Healthand Examination Surveys (NHANES) III data that examined if hydration classification varied bywater intake and estimated the median water intake associated with hydration in persons aged 19–30. Given the upcoming 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines review, this analysis addresses the same twoaims with the 2009–2012 NHANES data. Methods were updated by defining hydration criteria interms of multiple measures (serum sodium 135–144 mmol/L and urine osmolality < 500 mmol/kg),expressing water intake as ml/kg, distinguishing plain water intake (PWI) from total water intake(TWI), using weighted age- and sex-specific multivariable models to control for determinants ofwater intake requirements, and selecting two study samples (non-acutely ill US population and asub-group without selected chronic disease risk factors). In the US population and sub-group, therelative risk (RR) of meeting the hydration criteria was significantly greater for individuals withTWI ≥ 45 mL/kg or PWI ≥ 20 mL/kg (for the US population 19–50 years of age: adjusted RR (RRrepresents Relative Risk, which is a very standard term that probably does not need to be spelledout) = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.10–1.68 for males; adjusted RR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.49–1.95 for females. For thesub-group 51–70 years of age: adjusted RR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.15–4.18 for males; adjusted RR = 2.00,95% CI: 1.18–3.40 for females). The median (SE, which stands for Standard Error, which is also verywell known. Up to you if your journal prefers to spell it out in the abstract) TWI and PWI associatedwith meeting the hydration criteria for males and females 19–50 years of age were 42 (2) mL/kg and14 (1) mL/kg and 43 (2) mL/kg and 16 (1) mL/kg, respectively. The significant association betweenwater intake and hydration classification differs from the null association, underlying the 2005 waterintake recommendations, and may lead to different reasoning and inferences for the 2020–2025Dietary Guidelines.

scholarly journals Fluid Intake and Vasopressin: Connecting the Dots

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (Suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Guelinckx ◽  
Mariacristina Vecchio ◽  
Erica T. Perrier ◽  
Guillaume Lemetais
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Physiological Model ◽  
Total Fluid Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urine Biomarkers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Connecting The Dots

In the last decade, cross-sectional and multiple cohort studies have associated total fluid intake or water intake with the risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and even the risk of developing hyperglycemia. Urine biomarkers have also been linked to the risk of CKD and lithiasis, and these biomarkers respond quickly to variations in fluid intake. High circulating copeptin levels, a surrogate marker of arginine vasopressin, have been associated with metabolic syndrome, renal dysfunction and increased risk for diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and death. The aim of this paper was to explore how the various findings on water intake, hydration and health are interconnected, to highlight current gaps in our understanding and to propose a model that links water intake, homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance and health outcomes. Since plasma copeptin and vasopressin have been demonstrated to be sensitive to changes in water intake, inversely associated with 24-hour urine volume, and associated with urine biomarkers and fluid intake, vasopressin is proposed as the central player in this theoretical physiological model.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Fluid Intake in College Students During the Initial Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 222-222
Author(s):  
Shaylynn Glenn ◽  
Cory Butts ◽  
Samantha Scarneo-Miller ◽  
William Adams
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
The United States ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Total Fluid Intake ◽  
Living Situation ◽  
Academic Standing ◽  
Total Fluid

Abstract Objectives To evaluate fluid intake of college students during the initial response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods College students (n = 1015 (75.5% Female); 59 freshmen, 139 sophomores, 264 juniors, 245 seniors, 289 graduate) participated in an online questionnaire from colleges/universities within the United States during the Spring 2020 academic semester. Participants were asked about their fluid intake over the previous 30 days using the BEVQ-15. The questionnaire consisted of demographic and living status questions as well as 16 questions detailing type (e.g., water, milk, etc.), frequency (“how often”), and volume of fluids for each consumption (“how much each time”). Kruskal-Wallis analyses (test statistic reported as chi-square, χ2) were used to compare the total fluid intake, frequency of plain water intake, and volume with each consumption between those with and without a change in living situation and by academic standing. Data reported as (median [interquartile range]). Results A change in living status was reported by 426/1015 (42%) participants. Median fluid intake was 1848 mL ([1295, 2532] mL) for all participants. Total fluid intake [χ2(1) = 18.07, P &lt; 0.001] was different between those with (1709 [1199, 2366] mL) and without (1940 [1378, 2644] mL) a change in living situation. However, the volume of plain water intake was not different between those with (710 [473, 1420] mL) and without (1065 [591, 1420] mL) a change in living situation [χ2(1) = 2.81, P = 0.09]. Frequency [χ2(1) = 3.10, P = 0.08] and the volume with each consumption [χ2(1) = 1.16, P = 0.28] of plain water were also not different based on a change in living situation. Academic standing impacted the volume of total fluid intake [χ2(4) = 14.33, P = 0.006], with juniors (1751 [1161, 2455] mL) reporting less than graduate students (1940 [1041, 2780] mL, P = 0.01). Conclusions These data suggest a change in living situation affected total fluid intake, however, there were no differences in the frequency and volume of plain water intake. Further, academic standing impacted the fluid intake behaviors. Future investigations are warranted to evaluate factors guiding fluid intake frequency and volumes in the college student population. Funding Sources N/A

scholarly journals Prevention of Recurrent Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis by Increasing Daily Water in Premenopausal Women: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S736-S736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M Hooton ◽  
Mariacristina Vecchio ◽  
Alison Iroz ◽  
Ivan Tack ◽  
Quentin Dornic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Fluid Intake ◽  
Water Group ◽  
Daily Water Intake ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Fluid

Abstract Background Increased hydration is commonly recommended as a preventive measure for women with recurrent acute uncomplicated cystitis (rAUC), but supportive data are sparse. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of increased daily water intake on the frequency of rAUC in premenopausal women. Methods 140 healthy premenopausal asymptomatic women drinking less than 1.5 L of total fluid daily (24 hours) and suffering from rAUC (33 episodes in the past year) were randomized to receive, in addition to their usual daily fluid intake, either 1.5 L water daily (water group) or no additional fluids (control group), for 12 months. Assessments of daily water and total fluid intake, urine volume and osmolality, number of urine voids, and occurrence of AUC symptoms and a reminder to notify investigators of any such symptoms were performed at baseline, 6- and 12-month clinic visits in addition to monthly telephone calls. The primary outcome was frequency of rAUC episodes (31 AUC symptom and 3103 CFU/mL of a uropathogen in voided urine) over 12 months. Results Between baseline and 12 month’s follow-up, the water group, compared with the control group, had statistically significant increases in mean daily water intake (1.15 vs. −0.01 L), total fluid intake (1.65 vs. 0.03 L), urine volume (1.40 vs. 0.04 L), and number of urine voids (2.2 vs. −0.2), and a decrease in urine osmolality (−408 vs. −35 mOsm/Kg). The mean number of rAUC episodes in the water group was significantly less than in the control group (1.6 vs. 3.1; odds ratio 0.52, 95% CI 0.46–0.60, &#x2028;P &lt; 0.0001) (figure shows cumulative sum of AUC episodes over 12 months in both study groups). The mean number of antimicrobial regimens used to treat AUC events was 1.8 in the water group vs. 3.5 in the control group (P &lt; 0.0001). In addition, the mean number of days to first rAUC and the mean number of days between rAUC episodes was longer in the water group compared with the control group (148 vs. 93,&#x2028; P = 0.0005 and 143 vs. 85, P &lt; 0.0001, respectively). Conclusions Our results provide strong evidence that increased water intake is an effective antimicrobial-sparing preventive strategy for women with rAUC. Increasing daily water intake by approximately 1.5 L reduced rAUC episodes by 48% and antimicrobial regimens by 47% over 12 months. Disclosures M. Vecchio, Danone Research: Employee, Salary. A. Iroz, Dzanone Research: Employee, Salary. I. Tack, Danone Research: Consultant, Consulting fee and Speaker honorarium. Q. Dornic, Danone research: Employee, Salary. I. Seksek, Danone Research: Employee, Salary.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary water intake on urinary output, specific gravity and relative supersaturation for calcium oxalate and struvite in the cat

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (S1) ◽  
pp. S128-S130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M. F. Buckley ◽  
Amanda Hawthorne ◽  
Alison Colyer ◽  
Abigail E. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Total Fluid Intake ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dry Food ◽  
Total Fluid

It has been reported that daily fluid intake influences urinary dilution, and consequently the risk of urolithiasis in human subjects and dogs. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of dietary moisture on urinary parameters in healthy adult cats by comparing nutritionally standardised diets, varying only in moisture content. A total of six cats were fed a complete dry food (6·3 % moisture) hydrated to 25·4, 53·2 and 73·3 % moisture for 3 weeks in a randomised block cross-over design. Urinary specific gravity (SG), urine volume, water drunk and total fluid intake were measured daily; relative supersaturation (RSS) for calcium oxalate (CaOx) and struvite was calculated using the SUPERSAT computer program. Cats fed the 73·3 % moisture diet produced urine with a significantly lower SG (P < 0·001) compared with diets containing 53·2 % moisture or lower. Mean RSS for CaOx was approaching the undersaturated zone (1·14 (sem 0·21); P = 0·001) for cats fed the diet with 73·3 % moisture and significantly lower than the 6·3 % moisture diet (CaOx RSS 2·29 (sem 0·21)). The effect of diet on struvite RSS was less clear, with no significant difference between treatment groups. Total fluid intake was significantly increased (P < 0·001) in the 73·3 % moisture diet (144·7 (sem 5·2) ml, or 30 ml/kg body weight per d) compared with the 6·3 % (103·4 (sem 5·3) ml), 25·4 % (98·6 (sem 5·3) ml) and 53·3 % (104·7 (sem 5·3) ml) moisture diets, despite voluntary water intake decreasing as dietary moisture intake increased. Cats fed the 73·3 % moisture diet had a higher total daily fluid intake resulting in a more dilute urine with a lower risk of CaOx when compared with the lower-moisture diets.

scholarly journals Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women: Drinking for Two?

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saptawati Bardosono ◽  
Clémentine Morin ◽  
Isabelle Guelinckx ◽  
Rizki Pohan
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Total Fluid Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Fluid ◽  
Total Water Intake

The primary aim of this cross-sectional survey was to assess the total fluid intake (TFI; sum of drinking water and all other fluids) and the intake of water and all other types of beverages in a sample of pregnant and breastfeeding women representative of Java-Island, Indonesia. Therefore, 299 pregnant and 296 breastfeeding women completed a 7-day fluid-specific record. A secondary aim was to estimate the total water intake (TWI; sum of water from fluids and food moisture), and one 24-h recall was performed to determine water intake from food moisture. The median TFI of pregnant and breastfeeding women were 2,250 (1,800-2,800) and 2,360 (1,954-2,968) mL/day, respectively. The largest contributor to TFI was water (72 and 77% for pregnant/breastfeeding women, respectively). Pregnant women to the extent of 42% and 54% of breastfeeding women did not reach the adequate intake (AI) of water from fluids. In pregnant and breastfeeding women, the median water intake from foods was 592 and 613 mL/day, representing 21 and 20% of TWI. Concluding that a high proportion of the pregnant and breastfeeding subjects did not reach the AI of water from fluid, it seems important to put in place actions such as providing education materials and ensuring access to safe water. Moreover, future surveys should dedicate attention to the assessment of fluid intake and hydration status among pregnant and breastfeeding women in other countries.

scholarly journals Fluid intake in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Tláskal ◽  
Marieta Baliková
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
School Children ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Urine Osmolarity ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Dietary Reference Values ◽  
Total Calorie ◽  
Full Day

AbstractIntroductionWe monitored fluid intake in children. The hydration of children during morning school classes and on consumption of high-calorie drinks. Subclinical dehydration, expressed as urine osmolarity above 800 mmol / kg, may result in lack of concentration and less effective listening.Population and methodologyThe population included 3,360 children aged as follows: a) 6–35 months, b) 4–6 years, c) 7–10 years d) 11–14 years. 103 children aged 10.3 ± 1 years were included in the study regarding body hydration. The evaluation looked at the intake of food and fluids consumed by children in full-day diet over a period of 3 to 5 days and recorded by the Nutridan program. Child hydration was assessed using three urine osmolarity samples taken at bedtime, in the morning and just before lunch break. The data was evaluated statistically against the reference values for nutrient intake of DACH.Results and discussionThe median water intake in children was 101–103% of the Dietary Reference Values (DRV). In the b, c, d groups, the median was 81% - 82%, i.e 75% of DRV. 10% of 4 to 6-year-old children had water intake below 49% of DRV, 10% of 7 to 10 year-olds less than 54% of DRV and 10% of 11 to 14-year-olds less than 50% of DRV. A study regarding school children has showed that only 70% of the children drink at breakfast. 27% of the children do not consume any fluids in the morning. The mean urine osmolarity was 724 in the morning and 738 mmol / kg just before lunch. Children who had drunk less than 250 ml of water during breakfast or less than 400 ml of water during breakfast and second breakfast had a urine osmolarity of 910 and 850 mmol / kg respectively just before lunch. In school children, the proportion of sugars received from sweetened beverages accounted for 19.1% of their total calorie intake. 10% of the children in groups c) and d) had this value higher than 28.2 and 30.4% respectively. The results based on full-day diet show that sweetened drinks account for 79% of fluids consumed by children at school, whereas only for 72% at home.The results of our studies have identified the areas where it is necessary to provide education regarding nutrition of children, to raise awareness of the importance of fluid intake, particularly focusing on the systematic approach and the choice of appropriate beverages ensuring adequate fluid intake.

scholarly journals Hydration in Children: What Do We Know and Why Does it Matter?

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (Suppl. 3) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne H. Bottin ◽  
Clémentine Morin ◽  
Isabelle Guelinckx ◽  
Erica T. Perrier
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Urine Concentration ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Total Fluid Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Adequate Hydration

In children, maintaining adequate fluid intake and hydration is important for physiological reasons and for the adoption of healthy, sustainable drinking habits. In the Liq.In7 cross-sectional surveys involving 6,469 children (4–17 years) from 13 countries, 60% of children did not meet the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) adequate intake for water from fluids. Beyond fluid quantity, the quality of what children drink is important for health. In these surveys, the contribution of sugar-sweetened beverages and fruit juices to total fluid intake (TFI) in children exceeded that of water in 6 out of 13 countries. To assess the adequacy of children’s fluid intake, urinary biomarkers of hydration such as urine osmolality, urine specific gravity, and urine color may be used. To date, while there are no widely accepted specific threshold values for urine concentration to define adequate hydration in children, the available literature suggests that many children have highly concentrated urine, indicating insufficient fluid intake. This is worrisome since studies have demonstrated a relationship between low fluid intake or insufficient hydration and cognitive performance in children. Furthermore, results of the Liq.In7 surveys showed that at school – where children spend a significant amount of time and require optimal cognitive performance – children drink only 14% of their TFI. Consequently, it is pertinent to better understand the barriers to drinking water at school and encourage the promotion of water intake through multicomponent interventions that combine educational, environmental, and behavioral aspects to support adequate hydration as well as optimal cognition in children.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document