scholarly journals Identification of Extended-Spectrumβ-LactamasesEscherichia coliStrains Isolated from Market Garden Products and Irrigation Water in Benin

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wassiyath Moussé ◽  
Haziz Sina ◽  
Farid Baba-Moussa ◽  
Pacôme A. Noumavo ◽  
Nadège A. Agbodjato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Horticultural Products

The present study aimed at biochemical and molecular characterization ofEscherichia colistrains isolated from horticultural products and irrigation water of Cotonou. The samples were collected from 12 market gardeners of 4 different sites. Rapid’E. colimedium was used for identification ofE. colistrains and the antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by the agar disk diffusion method. Theβ-lactamases production was sought by the liquid acidimetric method. The genes coding forβ-lactamases and toxins were identified by PCR method. The results revealed that about 34.95% of the analyzed samples were contaminated byE. coli. Cabbages were the most contaminated byE. coli(28.26%) in dry season. All isolated strains were resistant to amoxicillin. The penicillinase producingE. colicarriedblaTEM(67.50%),blaSHV(10%), andblaCTX-M(22.50%) genes. The study revealed that the resistance genes such as SLTI (35.71%), SLTII (35.71%), ETEC (7.15%), and VTEC (21.43%) were carried. Openly to the found results and considering the importance of horticultural products in Beninese food habits, it is important to put several strategies aiming at a sanitary security by surveillance and sensitization of all the actors on the risks of some practices.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia coli from Raw Meats, Ready-to-Eat Meats, and Their Related Samples in One Health Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Frederick Adzitey ◽  
Nurul Huda ◽  
Amir Husni Mohd Shariff
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Raw Meats

Meat is an important food source that can provide a significant amount of protein for human development. The occurrence of bacteria that are resistant to antimicrobials in meat poses a public health risk. This study evaluated the occurrence and antimicrobial resistance of E. coli (Escherichia coli) isolated from raw meats, ready-to-eat (RTE) meats and their related samples in Ghana. E. coli was isolated using the USA-FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual and phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by the disk diffusion method. Of the 200 examined meats and their related samples, 38% were positive for E. coli. Notably, E. coli was highest in raw beef (80%) and lowest in RTE pork (0%). The 45 E. coli isolates were resistant ≥ 50% to amoxicillin, trimethoprim and tetracycline. They were susceptible to azithromycin (87.1%), chloramphenicol (81.3%), imipenem (74.8%), gentamicin (72.0%) and ciprofloxacin (69.5%). A relatively high intermediate resistance of 33.0% was observed for ceftriaxone. E. coli from raw meats, RTE meats, hands of meat sellers and working tools showed some differences and similarities in their phenotypic antimicrobial resistance patterns. Half (51.1%) of the E. coli isolates exhibited multidrug resistance. The E. coli isolates showed twenty-two different resistant patterns, with a multiple antibiotic resistance index of 0.0 to 0.7. The resistant pattern amoxicillin (A, n = 6 isolates) and amoxicillin-trimethoprim (A-TM, n = 6 isolates) were the most common. This study documents that raw meats, RTE meats and their related samples in Ghana are potential sources of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli and pose a risk for the transfer of resistant bacteria to the food chain, environment and humans.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic groups and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of uropathogenic Escherichia coli clinical isolates from patients at Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Katongole ◽  
Daniel Bulwadda Kisawuzi ◽  
Henry Kyobe Bbosa ◽  
David Patrick Kateete ◽  
Christine Florence Najjuka
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Phylogenetic Group ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Introduction: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) remains the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs). They account for over 80-90% of all community-acquired and 30-50% of all hospital-acquired UTIs. E. coli strains have been found to belong to evolutionary origins known as phylogenetic groups. In 2013, Clermont classified E. coli strains into eight phylogenetic groups using the quadruplex PCR method. The aim of this study was to identify the phylogenetic groups of UPEC strains in Uganda using Clermont’s quadruplex PCR method and to assess their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in Uganda. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 140 stored uropathogenic E. coli isolates from the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences Makerere University were subjected to phylogenetic typing by a quadruplex PCR method. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method according to Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Phenotypic detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, AmpC and carbapenemases was done according to CLSI guidelines and Laboratory SOPs. Results: Phylogenetic group B2 (40%) was the most predominant, followed by A (6.23%), clade I and II (5%), D and E (each 2.14%), B1 (1.43%) and F and C (each 0.71%). The most common resistant antibiotic was trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (90.71%) and the least was imipenem (1.43%). In total, 73.57% of isolates were multi-drug resistant (MDR). Antibiotic resistance was mainly detected in phylogenetic group B2 (54%). Conclusions: Our findings showed the high prevalence of MDR E. coli isolates, with the dominance of phylogenetic group B2. About 9% of E. coli isolates belonged to the newly described phylogroups C, E, F, and clade I and II.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of β-Lactamase Producing Genes and Integrons in Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli From Diarrheal Children Less Than Five Years of Age in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rene Dembele ◽  
Wendpoulomdé A.D. Kaboré ◽  
Issiaka Soulama ◽  
Oumar Traoré ◽  
Nafissatou Ouédraogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to determine the resistance of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains to β-lactams antibiotics and to perform the molecular characterization of Extended Spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and integrons genes. Methods This study was carried out from August 2013 to October 2015 and involved 31 DEC strains isolated from diarrheal stools samples collected from children less than five years of age. The identification and characterization of DEC strains was done through the standard biochemical tests those were confirmed using API 20E and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The determination of antimicrobial resistance was realized by the disk diffusion method then an amplification of the β-lactamase resistance genes and integrons by PCR was done. Results Out of the 419 E. coli strains identified, 31 isolates (7.4%) harbored the DEC virulence genes. From these DEC, 21 (67.7%) were ESBL-producing E. coli. Susceptibility to ESBL-producing E. coli showed that the majority of isolates were highly resistant to amoxicillin (77.4%), amoxicillin clavulanic acid (77.4%) and piperacillin (64.5%). The following antibiotic resistance genes and integron were identified from the 31 DEC isolates: blaTEM (6.5%), blaSHV (19.4%), blaOXA (38.7%) blaCTX−M (9.7%), Int1 (58.1%) and Int3 (19.4%). No class 2 integrons (Int2) was characterized. Conclusions Because of the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant ESBL organisms found in this study among pediatric patients, there is a need of stringent pediatric infection control measures.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Carbapenemase-Producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella in children with diarrhea in rural Burkina Faso.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rene DEMBELE ◽  
Ali Konaté ◽  
Issiaka Soulama ◽  
Wendpoulomdé A. D. Kaboré ◽  
Assèta Kagambèga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae Carbapenemase ◽  
Encoding Genes

Abstract Background In recent years, Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) resistance to antibiotics has dramatically increased leading to limitations of their treatment options. In the present study, we investigated the occurrence of carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella in rural Burkina Faso, using bacterial strains obtained from previous studies. Results Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) strains was identified using 16-plex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), whereas antibiotic susceptibility was realized using the disk diffusion method. Furthermore, multiplex PCR assays were used to characterize bla KPC, bla VIM and bla IMP genes in carbapenemase-producing E . coli and Salmonella . The study highlighted high resistance rates of the identified bacteria to common antibiotics. Likewise, two strains of E . coli were imipenem resistant with Carbapenemase-encoding genes. The genes detected were Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), Verona integrin-encoded metallo-β-lactamase (VIM) and Imipenemase (IMP-2) reaching a rate of 40% each. However, no Carbapenemase-encoding genes were detected in Salmonella isolates. Conclusions This study showed that for a real-time infection control and prompt application of antimicrobial chemotherapy, characterization of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in patients is crucial.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Retail Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in Addis Ababa City: Magnitude of Contamination and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aklilu Feleke Haile ◽  
Silvia Alonso ◽  
Nega Berhe ◽  
Tizeta Bekele Atoma ◽  
Prosper N. Boyaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an important foodborne pathogen but largely under investigated in Africa. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence and pattern of antimicrobial resistance of E. coli O157:H7 in lettuce in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A total of 390 retail lettuce samples were collected across the 10 subcities of Addis Ababa. E. coli O157:H7 was isolated and identified following ISO-16654:2001 standard. The isolates were further tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to 13 antimicrobials using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. Out of the 390 lettuce samples examined, two (0.51%) carried E. coli O157:H7. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of strains showed resistance to ampicillin (100%) and tetracycline (50.0%). One of the two isolates was multidrug resistant to two antimicrobials tested. The results of this study demonstrate the presence of drug-resistant E. coli O157:H7 in lettuce in markets in Addis Ababa. Despite the low prevalence, its presence in a product that is eaten raw highlights potential public health risk in the area associated with this pathogen.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF ENTEROAGGREGATIVE ESCHERICHIA COLI AMONG DIARRHEAL CHILDRENIN WESTERN BRAZILIAN AMAZON

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Lafontaine Mesquita TABORDA ◽  
Luiz Antônio da SILVA ◽  
Patricia Puccinelli ORLANDI ◽  
Flávia Serrano BATISTA ◽  
Renata Santos RODRIGUES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Porto Velho

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is one of the main acute and chronic diarrhea causes both in children and adults, mainly in developing countries. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to characterize EAEC strains isolated from faecal samples and to identify genes potentially contributing to virulence, biofilm production and antimicrobial resistance in children admitted to a pediatric hospital in Porto Velho, Rondônia State. METHODS: The total of 1,625 E. coli specimens were isolated from 591 children in the age group 6 years or younger who were hospitalized in Cosme and Damião Children Hospital in Porto Velho, between February 2010 and February 2012, with acute gastroenteritis. Colonies suggestive of E. coli were subjected to polymerase chain reaction testing in order to identify the virulence factors. The in vitro adhesion assays using HEp-2 adherence were tests. Biofilm detection through spectrophotometry and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted in the disk diffusion method. RESULTS: The mentioned study examined 591 stool samples from children with diarrhea. Diarrheogenic E. coli was found in 27.4% (162/591) of the children. EAEC was the diarreagenic E. coli most frequently associated with diarrhea 52.4% (85/162), which was followed by enteropathogenic E. coli 43.8% (71/162), enterotoxigenic E. coli 2.4% (4/162), and enterohemorrhagic E. coli 1.2% (2/162). The aggR gene was detected in 63.5% (54/85) of EAEC isolates; moreover, statistically significant correlation was observed among typical EAEC (aggR) and aatA (P<0.0001), irp2 (P=0.0357) and shf (P=0.0328). It was recorded that 69% (59/85) of the 85 analyzed EAEC strains were biofilm producers; 73% (43/59) of the biofilm producers carried the aggR gene versus 42.3% (11/26) of non-producers (P=0.0135). In addition, there was association between the aatA gene and biofilm production; 61% (36/59) of the samples presented producer strains, versus 19.2% (5/26) of non-producers (P<0.0004). Antibiotic sensitivity test evidenced that most EAEC were ampicillin 70.6% (60/85), sulfamethoxazole 60% (51/85), tetracycline 44.7% (38/85) and cefotaxime 22.4% (19/85) resistant. CONCLUSION: As far as it is known, the present study is pioneer in Northern Brazil to investigate EAEC virulence factors and to show the antimicrobial susceptibility of EAEC strains isolated from children with diarrhea.

Concentrations of Escherichia coli and Genetic Diversity and Antibiotic Resistance Profiling of Salmonella Isolated from Irrigation Water, Packing Shed Equipment, and Fresh Produce in Texas

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. DUFFY ◽  
L. M. LUCIA ◽  
J. M. KELLS ◽  
A. CASTILLO ◽  
S. D. PILLAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Fresh Produce ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Element Sequence

Fresh produce has been repeatedly implicated as a vehicle in the transmission of foodborne gastroenteritis. In an effort to assess the risk factors involved in the contamination of fresh produce with pathogenic bacteria, a total of 1,257 samples were collected from cantaloupe, oranges, and parsley (both in the field and after processing) and from the environment (i.e., irrigation water, soil, equipment, etc.). Samples were collected twice per season from two production farms per commodity and analyzed for the presence of Salmonella and Escherichia coli. E. coli was detected on all types of commodities (cantaloupe, oranges, and parsley), in irrigation water, and on equipment surfaces. A total of 25 Salmonella isolates were found: 16 from irrigation water, 6 from packing shed equipment, and 3 from washed cantaloupes. Salmonella was not detected on oranges or parsley. Serotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and repetitive element sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) assays were applied to all Salmonella isolates to evaluate the genetic diversity of the isolates and to determine relationships between sources of contamination. Using PFGE, Salmonella isolates obtained from irrigation water and equipment were determined to be different from cantaloupe isolates; however, DNA fingerprinting did not conclusively define relationships between contamination sources. All Salmonella isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the disk diffusion method, and 20% (5 of 25) of the isolates had intermediate sensitivity to streptomycin. One Salmonella isolate from cantaloupe was resistant to streptomycin.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales in Children with Diarrhea in Rural Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
René Dembélé ◽  
Issiaka Soulama ◽  
Wendpoulomdé Aimé Désiré Kaboré ◽  
Ali Konaté ◽  
Assèta Kagambèga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae Carbapenemase ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Encoding Genes

Background and objective: In recent years, carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) resistance to antibiotics has dramatically increased leading to limitations of their treatment options. In the present study, we investigated the occurrence of carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella in rural Burkina Faso.Materials and methods: Salmonella isolates were serotyped according to the Kauffman White scheme. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) strains was identified using 16-plex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), whereas antibiotic susceptibility was realized using the disk diffusion method. Furthermore, multiplex PCR assays were carried out using oligonucleotides to detect the presence of genes of the blaKPC, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA and blaCTX-M types in all E. coli and Salmonella strains.Results: The study highlighted high resistance rates of the identified bacteria to common antibiotics. Likewise, two strains of E. coli were imipenem resistant with carbapenemase-encoding genes. The genes detected were Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), Verona integrin-encoded metallo-β-lactamase (VIM) and Imipenemase (IMP-2) reaching a rate of 40% each in E. coli strains. However, no Salmonella carbapenemases blaKPC, blaVIM or blaIMP were detected.Conclusion: This study showed that for a real-time infection control and prompt application of antimicrobial chemotherapy, characterization of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in patients is crucial.Keywords: Antibiotics, Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales, children, Burkina Faso

scholarly journals Evaluation of extended spectrum beta lactamase enzymes prevalence in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Ronak Bakhtiari ◽  
Jalil Fallah Mehrabadi ◽  
Hedroosha Molla Agamirzaei ◽  
Ailar Sabbaghi ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Resistance to b-lactam antibiotics by gramnegative bacteria, especially <em>Escherichia coli (E. coli)</em>, is a major public health issue worldwide. The predominant resistance mechanism in gram negative bacteria particularly <em>E. coli </em>is via the production of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBLs) enzymes. In recent years, the prevalence of b-lactamase producing organisms is increased and identification of these isolates by using disk diffusion method and no-one else is not satisfactory. So, this investigation focused on evaluating the prevalence of ESBL enzymes by disk diffusion method and confirmatory test (Combined Disk). Five hundred clinical samples were collected and 200 <em>E. coli </em>isolates were detected by standard biochemical tests. To performing initial screening of ESBLs was used from Disk diffusion method on <em>E. coli </em>isolates. A confirmation test (Combined Disk method) was performed on isolates of resistant to cephalosporin's indicators. Up to 70% isolates exhibited the Multi Drug Resistance phenotype. In Disk diffusion method, 128(64%) <em>E. coli </em>isolates which resistant to ceftazidime and cefotaxime while in Combined Disk, among 128 screened isolates, 115 (89.8%) isolates were detected as ESBLs producers. This survey indicate beta lactamase enzymes are playing a significant role in antibiotic resistance and correct detection of them in phenotypic test by using disk diffusion and combined Disk is essential for accurate recognition of ESBLs.

scholarly journals Occurrence of toxigenic Escherichia coli in raw milk cheese in Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 508-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.R. Paneto ◽  
R.P. Schocken-Iturrino ◽  
C. Macedo ◽  
E. Santo ◽  
J.M. Marin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Raw Milk Cheese

The occurrence of toxigenic Escherichia coli in raw milk cheese was surveyed in Middle Western Brazil. Fifty samples of cheese from different supermarkets were analyzed for E.coli. The isolates were serotyped and screened for the presence of verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC) and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The susceptibility to thirteen antimicrobial agents was evaluated by the disk diffusion method. E.coli were recovered from 48 (96.0%) of the samples. The serogroups identified were O125 (6.0%), O111 (4.0%), O55 (2.0%) and O119 (2.0%). Three (6.0%) and 1(2.0%) of the E.coli isolates were VTEC and ETEC, respectively. Most frequent resistance was observed to the following antimicrobials: cephalothin (60.0%), nalidixic acid (40.0%), doxycyclin (33.0%), tetracycline (31.0%) and ampicillin (29.0%).

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