scholarly journals Proposal of a Screening MIRU-VNTR Panel for the Preliminary Genotyping ofMycobacterium bovisin Mexico

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Bolado-Martínez ◽  
Iliana Benavides-Dávila ◽  
Maria del Carmen Candia-Plata ◽  
Moisés Navarro-Navarro ◽  
Magali Avilés-Acosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Allelic Variability ◽  
High Discriminatory Power ◽  
Geographic Regions

Mycobacterium bovisis the major causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, one of the most relevant zoonoses in the world, and affects a wide range of wild and domesticated animals. Development of screening panels in mycobacterial genotyping, according to specific geographical regions, is strongly needed. The aim of this study is to select a panel, constituted by highly polymorphic MIRU-VNTRloci, to discriminate clinical isolates ofM. bovisin Mexico. In this study, 65 isolates ofM. bovisobtained from clinical bovine samples proceeding from different geographic regions of Mexico were identified by phenotypic and genotypic tests and subsequently genotyped by a 24-locusMIRU-VNTR panel. The most polymorphiclociwere selected to build a panel with a high discriminatory power similar to the 24-locuspanel results. A panel of seven elements (QUB 11a, MIRU 26, ETR-A, QUB 26, MIRU 16, MIRU 27, and MIRU 39) with the highest allelic diversity showed an appropriate differentiation. The selected MIRU-VNTR elements, according to the regional allelic variability, may be used in the preliminary genotyping ofMycobacterium bovisisolates in Mexico.

scholarly journals Genome Sequences of Five Mycobacterium bovis Strains Isolated from Farmed Animals and Wildlife in Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (15) ◽  
pp. e00258-18
Author(s):  
Olga Andrievskaia ◽  
Marc-Olivier Duceppe ◽  
Dara Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Livestock Industry ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, an infectious disease that affects both animals and humans and thus presents a risk to public health and the livestock industry. Here, we report the genome sequences of five Mycobacterium bovis strains that represent major genotype clusters observed in farmed animals and wildlife in Canada.

scholarly journals Nanotechnology-Based Weapons: A Potential Approach for COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-152
Author(s):  
Fahima Dilnawaz ◽  
Ranjita Misra ◽  
Sarbari Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Potential Approach ◽  
Medical Sector ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World

In the last few decades, viral infections have caused a greater number of health constraints worldwide. This havoc has created challenges for the healthcare system. Since the pandemic began, COVID-19 has killed more than 2.5 million people across the world. We are still witnessing deaths daily due to the deadly virus SARS-CoV-2 which is the causative agent for COVID-19. Thus, there is an increasing concern about finding an apt way to control the spread of this virus. Recently, the application of nanotechnology-based approaches has emerged as a ground-breaking step in the medical sector owing to their potential for accurate diagnosis and specific treatment in a wide range of health problems, including viral diseases. Therefore, the implementation of nanotechnology can be an articulate strategy to confront the rising distress of COVID-19. The present review particularly emphasizes the perception of several nanoformulation-based approaches as an appropriate means to safeguard mankind against COVID-19.

scholarly journals Is Mycobacterium bovis in the environment important for the persistence of bovine tuberculosis?

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Courtenay ◽  
L.A Reilly ◽  
F.P Sweeney ◽  
V Hibberd ◽  
S Bryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Significant Source ◽  
Indirect Transmission ◽  
Route Of Infection ◽  
Environmental Reservoir ◽  
Cattle Farms ◽  
Epidemiological Significance

Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle and wildlife. Direct aerosol contact is thought to be the primary route of infection between conspecifics, whereas indirect transmission via an environmental reservoir of M. bovis is generally perceived not to be a significant source for infection. Here, we report on the application of molecular technology (PCR) to quantify the prevalence of M. bovis in the environment and to explore its epidemiological significance. We show that the detectability of viable M. bovis at badger setts and latrines is strongly linked to the frequency of M. bovis excretion by infected badgers, and that putative M. bovis in the environment is prevalent on a large proportion of endemic cattle farms in Britain. These results raise important questions about the role of an environmental reservoir in bTB persistence.

scholarly journals Genotypic Characterization of Mycobacterium bovis Isolates From Dairy Cattle Diagnosed With Clinical Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Hortêncio de Melo ◽  
Harrison Magdinier Gomes ◽  
Philip Noel Suffys ◽  
Márcia Quinhones Pires Lopes ◽  
Raquel Lima de Figueiredo Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
The State ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Genotypic Characterization ◽  
Epidemiological Tool

Molecular diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis plays an essential role in the epidemiological knowledge of the disease. Bovine tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis represents a risk to human health. This study aimed to perform the genotypic characterization of M. bovis isolated from bovines diagnosed as tuberculosis from dairy herds in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Granulomas from 30 bovines were sent for microbiological culture, and colonies compatible with Mycobacterium spp. were obtained in at least one culture from 17/30 granulomas. All isolates were confirmed to be M. bovis by spoligotyping and 24loci MIRU-VNTR typing. While spoligotyping characterized the isolates as SB0121, SB0295, SB0852, SB0120, and an unclassified genotype, 24loci MIRU-VNTR rendered two clusters of two isolates each and 13 unique profiles. Loci ETR-A showed higher discriminatory power, and loci (ETR-B, ETR-C, MIRU16, MIRU27, and QUB26) showed moderate allelic diversity. This is the first study on the genetic variability of the infectious agent cause of bovine TB in Pernambuco and demonstrates variability of strains in the state. Thus, it corroborates the importance of this microorganism as agent of bovine tuberculosis and its zoonotic potential, this epidemiological tool being a determinant in the rigor of the sanitary practices of disease control in dairy herds.

scholarly journals First isolation of Mycobacterium bovis SIT 482 BOV from beef cattle in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 2279
Author(s):  
M.L. AVSEVER ◽  
C. ÇAVUŞOĞLU ◽  
I. ÇAMKERTEN
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Bcg Vaccine ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

Bovine tuberculosis is a zoonotic disease which should be emphasized in our country as in many countries. A large number of genotypes have been revealed by spoligotyping method of M. bovis in the world. M. bovis SIT 482. BOV is one of these genotypes and it is also M. bovis genotype in which BCG vaccine is administered in humans. The BCG vaccine is obtained through multiple passages of this genotype. However, this genotype, like other genotypes, can cause serious infections in humans and animals. There are data on the isolation of M. bovis SIT 482 BOV from animal and human tuberculosis cases in the world. In our country, the isolation of this genotype has been reported only in humans and no data have been found in the animals. In this study, M. bovis SIT 482. BOV was isolated from the samples of six cattle with internal organ samples obtained from licensed slaughterhouses in Aksaray. While isolation is carried out with BACTEC MGIT 960 liquid media, spoligotyping was carried out according to the manufacturer’s with kit (Isogen LifeScience, The Netherlands). This study aims to report M. bovis SIT 482 BOV from cattle in Turkey for the first time, to draw attention a very limited number reported in M. bovis cases in Turkey, highlight the importance of genotyping of tuberculosis factors and contribute to epidemiological studies. These and similar studies will contribute to the creation of genetic maps for eradication of M. bovis from cattle in our country. The study was also conducted to investigate whether M. bovis SIT 482. BOV isolated from cattle in Aksaray province is BCG strain or another strain giving the same pattern. 

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Alignment of Archaeological Sites

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-35
Author(s):  
Mark J. Carlotto
Keyword(s):  
Google Earth ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Unexpected Finding ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
The World ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Geographic Regions ◽  
Magnetic North

There are hundreds, perhaps thousands of sites of archaeological importance throughout the world. In this study the alignments of over twohundred ancient sites were measured and analyzed. Sites are organized into eight geographic regions: South America, Mesoamerica, North America, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia and the Pacific Ocean. Google Earth imagery and measurement tools were used to estimate the alignment of linear and rectilinear structures at these sites with respect to true (geographic) north. In considering standard celestial and geographic reasons for the alignments, many were found to be oriented to the cardinal directions, in the directions of solstices and other solar events, to lunar standstills, and certain stars. A number of sites in China and Thailand were likely aligned to magnetic north at the time of construction using a compass. Some sites appear to have been aligned to “sacred directions” that include Islamic qibla and Quechua ceques. Site alignment statistics reveal similarities and differences between geographical regions in terms of how sites within regions are aligned. Perhaps the most unexpected finding is that the alignment of about half of the sites could not be explained in terms of any of the reasons considered.

scholarly journals First approach to molecular epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in Colombia

2016 ◽  
pp. 5222-5236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimena Jojoa-Jojoa ◽  
Maira Wintaco M ◽  
Francisco Osorio R ◽  
Gloria Puerto-Castro ◽  
Martha Guerrero-Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Mycobacterium Species ◽  
Molecular Assays ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
The World ◽  
Gross Lesions

ABSTRACT Objective. To investigate the presence of Mycobacterium bovis and other Mycobacterium species in samples of cattle and buffalo in Colombia, to start the molecular characterization of M. bovis in the country. Material and methods. 492 samples were collected from herds identified with the presence of infected animals through the PPD, by the Group of Bovine Tuberculosis ICA Colombian Agricultural Institute in eight departments of Colombia. Lymph nodes of head, thorax and abdomen, gross lesions of tissues with tuberculosis, nasal swabs, milk, blood and fresh cheeses were included. Samples were subjected to detection of Mycobacterium bovis and other mycobacteria by conventional microbiological analysis and PCR-6110 and spoligotyping molecular assays. Results. In the samples analyzed especially in lymph nodes, Mycobacterium bovis was demonstrated with genotypes reported and not previously reported in the world, as well as M. tuberculosis in Antioquia, Cundinamarca, Boyacá and Magdalena departments. Conclusions. In Colombia there are at least 7 genotypes of M. bovis that are infected and sick cattle and buffalo from four different departments becoming serious threat to public health.RESUMEN Objetivo. Investigar la presencia de Mycobacterium bovis y otras especies de Mycobacterium en muestras de ganado bovino y búfalino en Colombia e iniciar la caracterización molecular de M. bovis en el país. Materiales y métodos. 492 muestras fueron recogidas de hatos identificados con presencia de animales infectados a través de la prueba de PPD, por el Grupo de Tuberculosis Bovina del Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario ICA en ocho departamentos de Colombia. Se incluyeron ganglios linfáticos de cabeza, tórax y abdomen, tejidos con lesiones macroscópicas de tuberculosis, hisopos nasales, leche, sangre y quesos frescos. Las muestras se sometieron a investigación de Mycobacterium bovis y otras micobacterias mediante el análisis microbiológico convencional y pruebas moleculares de PCR-IS6110 y spoligotyping. Resultados. En las muestras analizadas especialmente en los ganglios linfáticos, se evidenció Mycobacterium bovis con genotipos reportados y no reportados previamente en el mundo, así como M. tuberculosis en los departamentos de Antioquia, Cundinamarca, Magdalena y Boyacá. Conclusiones. En Colombia existen al menos 7 genotipos de M. bovis que se encuentran infectando y enfermando a bovinos y bufalinos de cuatro diferentes departamentos del país constituyéndose en seria amenaza para la salud pública.

Creative Strategy Used in Electronic Advertising

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 597-606
Author(s):  
Dr. Maha Mustafa Omer Abdalaziz
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Creative Strategy ◽  
Electronic Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Electronic Advertising

The study aims at the technological developments that are taking place in the world and have impacted on all sectors and fields and imposed on the business organizations and commercial companies to carry out their marketing and promotional activities within the electronic environment. The most prominent of these developments is the emergence of the concept of electronic advertising which opened a wide range of companies and businessmen to advertise And to promote their products and their work easily through the Internet, which has become full of electronic advertising, and in light of that will discuss the creative strategy used in electronic advertising;

ARTISTIC ASSIMILATION OF THE WORLD IN THE ESSAY PROSE OF M. G. ATAMANOV (BASED ON THE BOOK “I AM UDMURT. WHY DOES IT HURT?”)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-464
Author(s):  
Alevtina Vasilevna Kamitova ◽  
Tatyana Ivanovna Zaitseva
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
National Identity ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Topographic Features ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Individual Style

The paper reflects the specificity of the fundamental ideas of the artistic world of M. G. Atamanov, which includes a wide range of literary facts from the content level of the text of the works to their poetics. A particularly important role in the works of M. G. Atamanov is played by cross-cutting themes and images that reflect the author's individual style and his idea of national-ethnic identity. The subject of the research is the book of essays “Mon - Udmurt. Maly mynym vös’?” (“I am Udmurt. Why does it hurt?”), which most vividly reflected the main spiritual and artistic searches of M. G. Atamanov, associated with his ideas about the Udmurt people. The main motives and plots of the works included in the book under consideration are accumulated around the concept of “Udmurtness”. The comprehension of “Udmurtness” is modeled in his essays through specific leit themes: native language, Udmurt people, national culture, mentality, geographic and topographic features of the Udmurt people’ places of residence, the Orthodox idea. The “Udmurt theme” is recognized and comprehended by the writer through the prism of national identity.

Potential Triazole-based Molecules for the Treatment of Neglected Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 4403-4434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susimaire Pedersoli Mantoani ◽  
Peterson de Andrade ◽  
Talita Perez Cantuaria Chierrito ◽  
Andreza Silva Figueredo ◽  
Ivone Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Neglected Diseases ◽  
Triazole Derivatives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
The Moment

Neglected Diseases (NDs) affect million of people, especially the poorest population around the world. Several efforts to an effective treatment have proved insufficient at the moment. In this context, triazole derivatives have shown great relevance in medicinal chemistry due to a wide range of biological activities. This review aims to describe some of the most relevant and recent research focused on 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazolebased molecules targeting four expressive NDs: Chagas disease, Malaria, Tuberculosis and Leishmaniasis.

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