scholarly journals Antidermatophytic Activity of Ethanolic Extract fromCroton tiglium

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Chien Lin ◽  
Yu-Liang Kuo ◽  
Wen-Ju Lee ◽  
Hui-Yi Yap ◽  
Shao-Hung Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Epidermophyton Floccosum ◽  
Croton Tiglium ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Antidermatophytic Activity

Dermatophytosis, which is caused mainly by genera ofTrichophyton,Epidermophyton, andMicrosporum, is a frequent dermatological problem in tropical and subtropical countries. Investigations were carried out in this study to evaluate the antidermatophytic activity of the stems, leaves, and seeds ofCroton tiglium, one of the traditional medicine plants indigenous to Asia. Ethanolic extracts of the stems, leaves, and seeds ofC. tigliumwere prepared by cold soak or heat reflux methods. The antidermatophytic activities of the extracts were evaluated by disc diffusion and microdilution susceptibility assays againstTrichophyton mentagrophytes,T. rubrum, andEpidermophyton floccosum. The active components in the extracts were analyzed and identified by GC-MS. All ethanolic extracts ofC. tigliumshowed some antifungal activities against the three dermatophytes. The ethanolic stem extract had the greatest inhibitory activities againstT. mentagrophytesandE. floccosumwith MICs at 0.16 mg/mL and had a lower activity againstT. rubrum(MIC: 0.31 mg/mL). Oleic acid and hexadecanoic acid were found to be the major constituents in the stem extract that demonstrated strong antidermatophytic activities. The ethanolic extracts of stem or seed ofC. tigliumexhibit strong antidermatophytic activities and, thus, could be considered for application on treating skin fungal infections after appropriate processing.

scholarly journals In vitro activity of Indian almond (Terminalia catappa) leaf crude extracts against selected dermatophytes

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Roxanne Joy Colendres ◽  
Carl Leonard Pradera
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽  
Terminalia Catappa ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

Fungal infections caused by Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Aspergillus fumigatus , and Malassezia pachydermatis are among the major contributors to multisystemic health problems such as dermatitis, otitis, and respiratory disorders among humans and animals. This study was conducted to determine the in vitro antifungal activity of Terminalia catappa leaf crude aqueous and ethanolic extracts against these fungal pathogens by measuring the zone of inhibition (ZI) using the agar well diffusion technique. Qualitative phytochemical screening tests were also performed to determine bioactive compounds present in the plant extract. Results show that the plant’s crude aqueous (CAE) and ethanolic extracts (CEE) were found to be effective against all test fungi. M. pachydermatis showed susceptibility towards CAE and CEE from T1 (100%), T2 (75%), T3 (50%) and T4 (25%), with the highest mean ZI of 18.33mm and 13.33, respectively. On the other hand, T. mentagrophytes was inhibited by CAE and CEE at T1 (100%), T2 (75%) and T3 (50%) with the highest mean ZI of 9.67mm and 10.33mm, respectively. At the same time, it was observed that A. fumigatus had reactive sensitivity towards CAE and CEE at T1 (100%) and T2 (75%), with the highest mean ZI of 9.33mm and 10.33mm, respectively. Moreover, phytochemical tests showed that the plant’s leaf crude extracts contain alkaloids, saponins, and tannins, which could potentially inhibit fungal growth.

1998 William J. Stickel Bronze Award. Antifungal activity of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea-tree) oil against various pathogenic organisms

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 489-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Concha ◽  
LS Moore ◽  
WJ Holloway
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Penicillium Species ◽  
Epidermophyton Floccosum ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Tea-tree oil (oil of Melaleuca alternifolia) has recently received much attention as a natural remedy for bacterial and fungal infections of the skin and mucosa. As with most naturally occurring agents, claims of effectiveness have been only anecdotal; however, several published studies have recently demonstrated tea-tree oil's antibacterial activity. This study was conducted to determine the activity of tea-tree oil against 58 clinical isolates: Candida albicans (n = 10), Trichophyton rubrum (n = 8), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (n = 9), Trichophyton tonsurans (n = 10), Aspergillus niger (n = 9), Penicillium species (n = 9), Epidermophyton floccosum (n = 2), and Microsporum gypsum (n = 1). Tea-tree oil showed inhibitory activity against all isolates tested except one strain of E floccosum. These in vitro results suggest that tea-tree oil may be useful in the treatment of yeast and fungal mucosal and skin infections.

scholarly journals Anticancer effects of the combined Thai noni juice ethanolic extracts and 5-fluorouracil against cholangiocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeerati Prompipak ◽  
Thanaset Senawong ◽  
Banchob Sripa ◽  
Albert J. Ketterman ◽  
Suppawit Utaiwat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nude Mice ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Model Combination ◽  
Mouse Xenograft Model ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

AbstractApplication of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is limited by adverse side effects and chemoresistance. Therefore, the combination therapy of 5-FU with other substances, especially natural products may provide a new strategy for CCA treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combination effects of 5-FU and two ethanolic extracts of Thai noni juice (TNJ) products on CCA cell lines and nude mice xenografts. The results of antiproliferative assay showed the combination treatment of 5-FU and each TNJ ethanolic extract exerted more cytotoxicity on CCA cells than either single agent treatment. Synergistic effects of drug combinations can enable the dose reduction of 5-FU. The mechanism underlying a combination treatment was apoptosis induction through an activation of p53 and Bax proteins. In the nude mouse xenograft model, combination treatments of 5-FU with each TNJ ethanolic extract suppressed the growth of CCA cells implanted mice more than single agent treatments with no effects on mouse body weight, kidney, and spleen. Moreover, low doses of TNJ ethanolic extracts reduced the hepatotoxicity of 5-FU in nude mice. Taken together, these data suggested that the ethanolic extracts of TNJ products can enhance the anti-CCA effect and reduce toxicity of 5-FU.

scholarly journals Betel (Piper betle L.) leaf ethanolic extracts dechlorophyllized using different methods: antioxidant and antibacterial activities, and application for shelf-life extension of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fillets

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (29) ◽  
pp. 17630-17641
Author(s):  
Mohamed Tagrida ◽  
Soottawat Benjakul
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Refrigerated Storage ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

Betel leaf ethanolic extract dechlorophyllized using sedimentation (BLEE-SED) exhibited enhanced antioxidant and antibacterial activities. BLEE-SED could extend the shelf-life of Nile tilapia fillets during refrigerated storage (4 °C) up to 9 days.

scholarly journals Changes in Human Erythrocyte Membrane Exposed to Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts from Uncaria tomentosa

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3189
Author(s):  
Piotr Duchnowicz ◽  
Radosław Pilarski ◽  
Jaromir Michałowicz ◽  
Bożena Bukowska
Keyword(s):  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Human Erythrocyte ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Blood Purification ◽  
Human Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Uncaria Tomentosa ◽  
Erythrocyte Shape ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Erythrocyte Membrane Fluidity ◽  
Erythrocyte Plasma Membrane

Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC is a woody climber species originating from South and Central America that has been used in the therapy of asthma, rheumatism, hypertension, and blood purification. Our previous study showed that U. tomentosa extracts altered human erythrocyte shape, which could be due to incorporation of the compounds contained in extracts into the erythrocyte membrane. The aim of the present study was to determine how the compounds contained in U. tomentosa extracts incorporate into the human erythrocyte membrane. The study has assessed the effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts from leaves and bark of U. tomentosa on the osmotic resistance of the human erythrocyte, the viscosity of erythrocyte interior, and the fluidity of erythrocyte plasma membrane. Human erythrocytes were incubated with the studied extracts in the concentrations of 100, 250, and 500 µg/mL for 2, 5, and 24 h. All extracts tested caused a decrease in erythrocyte membrane fluidity and increased erythrocyte osmotic sensitivity. The ethanolic extracts from the bark and leaves increased viscosity of the erythrocytes. The largest changes in the studied parameters were observed in the cells incubated with bark ethanolic extract. We consider that the compounds from U. tomentosa extracts mainly build into the outer, hydrophilic monolayer of the erythrocyte membrane, thus protecting the erythrocytes against the adverse effects of oxidative stress.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIHYPERGLYCAEMIC EFFECT OF BUTEA MONOSPERMA LEAF EXTRACT ON ADRENALIN INDUCED AND HIGH GLUCOSE FEED ANIMAL MODEL

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Biswaranjan Ray ◽  
Santosh Kumar Mahapatra ◽  
Pradipta Kumar Behera ◽  
Ashok K Panigrahi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Butea Monosperma

Objective: As per the ethnopharmacological information has Butea monosperma been used to treat diabetes mellitus by the tribal people of tropical and subtropical areas. However, there is no much more scientific report available about the antidiabetic property of the leaves of the plant. Hence, the study was undertaken to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of ethanolic extract of B. monosperma on blood levels of adrenaline-induced and glucose feed diabetic rabbits.Methods: The three different doses of the extracts (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) were administered orally to an experimental animal. The animals were induced diabetics by adrenaline and high glucose diet. Blood glucose level was measured accordingly. For antidiabetic activity, photocolorimeter was used to monitoring the blood glucose level with crest kit box (GOP-POD method).Results: The extracts showed considerable dose-dependent activity. However, the dose 400 mg/kg showed considerable lower of blood glucose level. p<0.01 indicates the significance result. 8 hrs reading 182.5±3.83 for 400 mg does is most effective for reducing blood sugar.Conclusion: The study indicates that the ethanolic extract of B. monosperma leaves possesses antidiabetic properties which suggest the presence of biologically active components.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity and mechanism of heat-transformed ginsenosides from notoginseng against Epidermophyton floccosum, Trichophyton rubrum, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 10939-10946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Xue ◽  
Xiushi Yang ◽  
Xiaoyan Sun ◽  
Guixing Ren
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Epidermophyton Floccosum ◽  
Heat Transformation

The improved antifungal activity of notoginseng can be attributed to the formation of less polar ginsenosides by heat transformation.

scholarly journals In-Vitro Activity of Nano Fluconazole and Conventional Flucon-azole against Clinically Important Dermatophytes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najmossadat MUSAVI BAFRUI ◽  
Seyed Jamal HASHEMI HAZAVEH ◽  
Mansour BAYAT
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Particle Structure ◽  
Epidermophyton Floccosum ◽  
Dermatophyte Species ◽  
Better Than

Background: Dermatophytosis is one of the most common fungal infections in humans. Antifungals such as fluconazole are effectively used for treating dermatophytosis; however, drug resistance was observed in many cases. Therefore, a newer treatment strategy is essential. Methods: This study (Conducted in the Laboratory of the School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran in 2018) evaluated the antifungal susceptibility of nano fluconazole compared to conventional fluconazole on dermatophyte isolates using CLSI M38-A2guidelines. Dermatophyte species isolated from clinical cases of dermatophytosis were identified using PCR sequencing techniques. Zeta potential and size of the nano particles containing fluconazole were measured; scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to determine nano particle structure. Results: The size of liposomal fluconazole obtained was 88.9  12.14 nm with –20.12  3.8 mV for zeta potential. The encapsulation rate for fluconazole was 75.1  4.2%. MIC50 for the three tested species was 32, 16, and 8 μg/ml for Trichophyton interdigitale, T. rubrum, and Epidermophyton floccosum isolates, respectively. The corresponding values for nano fluconazole were 8 μg/ml for the three tested species. Conclusion: MIC value for nano-fluconazole was lower than conventional fluconazole in all dermatophytes species tested; therefore, nano-fluconazole could inhibit the growth of dermatophytes better than fluconazole at a lower concentration of the drug.

scholarly journals Motilitas Ascaridia galli Dewasa dalam Larutan Ekstrak Etanol Biji Palem Putri (Veitchia merrillii)

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Ummu Balqis ◽  
Darmawi Darmawi ◽  
Maryam Maryam ◽  
Muslina Muslina ◽  
Abdullah Hamzah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Fourth Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Aqueous Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Normal Controls

ABSTRAK. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui motilitas Ascaridia galli dewasa dalam ekstrak etanol biji Veitchia merrillii. Ekstrak etanol V. merrillii dianalisis fitokimia. Sebanyak 16 ekor cacing A. galli dewasa dibagi kedalam empat kelompok. Cacing pada kelompok pertama adalah kelompok tanpa perlakuan. Cacing pada kelompok kedua diberi 0,6 mg/ml levamisole. Cacing pada masing-masing kelompok ketiga dan keempat diberi 50 dan 100 mg/ml crude ekstrak biji V. merrillii. Motilitas A. galli ditentukan dalam skor persentase setelah 12, 24, 36 jam dengan menggunakan kriteria: 3 (badan bergerak), 2 (hanya sebagian badan bergerak), 1 (tidak bergerak tetapi masih hidup), 0 (mati). Hasil fitokimia V. merrillii mengandung alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids. Ekstrak biji V. merrillii dosis 100 mg/ml secara in vitro dapat mempersingkat selama 12 jam waktu motilitas cacing A. galli dewasa. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan potensi anthelmintik berbasis herbal untuk pengendalian A. galli.  (Motility of Ascaridia galli adult worms in vitro in ethanolic extracts of Nuts Veitchia merrillii) ABSTRACT. The purpose of this research was to know the motility of Ascaridia galli adult worms in aqueous ethanolic extracts of nuts Veitchia merrillii. The ethanolic extract of the V. merrillii was analyzed. Amount of sixteen head A. galli adult worms were divided into four groups. The first group, worms were left as un-treated normal controls. The second group, worms were treated with concentrations of 0,6 mg/ml levamisole. The third and fourth group, worms were treated with crude aqueous ethanolic extract of 50 and 100 mg/ml concentrations nuts of the V. merrillii, respectively. Motility of A. galli were determined after 12, 24, 36 hour by mean of persentage scored using the following criteria: 3 (moving whole body), 2 (moving only parts of the body), 1 (immobile but alive), and 0 (died). The result of phytochemical V. merrillii contains alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids. V. merrillii nuts extract concentrations of 100 mg/ml in vitro can shorten the time motility A. galli adult worms for 12 hours. The study indicated the potential for developing herbal-based anthelmintics to control A. galli.

scholarly journals Frecuencia de dermatomicosis y factores asociados en población vulnerable de la ciudad de Manizales. Colombia. 2011

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 953
Author(s):  
Gloria Ines Estrada Salazar ◽  
José A. Chacón-Cardona
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Microsporum Gypseum ◽  
Epidermophyton Floccosum ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Cutaneous Mycosis

Resumen:Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de las dermatomicosis en personas de diferentes instituciones de atención social en la ciudad de Manizales durante el año 2011. Método: Mediante la toma de muestras de los sitios que presentaban algún tipo de lesión sospechosa de ser una micosis cutánea, se hizo un análisis directo con KOH y cultivo en medios de Saboureaud y Mycosel. Se aplicó un instrumento de recolección de información para establecer  factores asociados con la presencia de estos microorganismos.Resultados: Los hongos levaduriformes encontrados con mayor frecuencia fueron: Candida albicans, Trichosporon sp, y los mohos saprofitos Penicillium sp, fusarium sp; seguido de hongos dermatofitos como: Trichophyton mentagrophites, Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum y Microsporum gypseum. Las lesiones secas y descamativas se encontraron con mayor frecuencia. El compartir baños y vivir en hacinamiento y el uso de elementos comunes fueron los factores asociados más importantes en este estudio.Conclusiones. Las dermatomicosis son frecuentes en poblaciones vulnerables y se asocian a diferentes factores muy similares a los encontrados en otros estudios de igual naturaleza.    Palabras clave: dermatomicosis, onicomicosis, jóvenes, ancianos, factores asociados. Summary:Objective: To determine the frequency of ringworm in people of different social care institutions in the city of Manizales in 2011.Method: Using the sampling sites that had some kind of suspicious lesion from a cutaneous mycosis, direct analysis with KOH and culture media was Saboureaud and Mycosel. An instrument of data collection was used to establish factors associated with the presence of these microorganisms.Results: The yeast found most frequently were: Candida albicans, Trichosporon sp and Penicillium molds saprophytes sp, Fusarium sp, followed by dermatophyte fungi such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum and Microsporum gypseum. Dry scaly lesions were found more frequently. The shared bathrooms and living in overcrowded and the use of common elements were the most important in this study associated factors.Conclusions: Dermatomycoses are common in vulnerable populations and are associated with different very similar to those found in other studies of the same nature factors. Keywords: ringworm, onychomycosis, young, old, associated factors.

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