scholarly journals Test on the Stabilization of Oil-Contaminated Wenzhou Clay by Cement

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuang Yu ◽  
Raoping Liao ◽  
Chaopeng Zhu ◽  
Xiaoqing Cai ◽  
Jianjun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
Scanning Electron

Oil-contaminated soils have been paid much attention due to the reclamation of industrial lands in coastal cities of China. As known, oil-contaminated soils are inapplicable for construction due to their weak engineering properties, thus leading to the requirement of remediation and reclamation for oil-contaminated sites. This study presents an experimental investigation on the stabilization of contaminated soils with Portland cement. Investigations including the Atterberg limits, unconfined compressive strength, direct shear strength, and microstructure of cement-stabilized soils have been carried out, verifying the suitability of applying cement to improve engineering properties. Experimental results show that the geotechnical properties of contaminated soil are very poor. With the application of cement, the liquid limit and plasticity index of contaminated soil samples decrease dramatically, and the strength of treated soils has been improved. Experimental results from scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicate that cement-stabilized oil-contaminated soil is featured with a stable supporting microstructure, owing to the cementation between soil particles. This also confirms the applicability of cement to be served as an additive to treat oil-contaminated soils.

scholarly journals Study on Strength Characteristics of Solidified Contaminated Soil under Freeze-Thaw Cycle Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Jinyang Cui
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Thaw Cycle ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Freeze Thaw Cycle ◽  
Microcosmic Mechanism ◽  
Scanning Electron

Cement solidification/stabilization is a commonly used method for the remediation of contaminated soils. The stability characteristics of solidified/stabilized contaminated soils under freeze-thaw cycle are very important. A series of tests, which include unconfined compressive strength tests, freeze-thaw cycle tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests, are performed to study the variation law of strength characteristics and microstructure. It aims at revealing the microcosmic mechanism of solidified/stabilized Pb2+ contaminated soils with cement under freeze-thaw cycle. The results show that the unconfined compressive strength of the contaminated soils significantly improved with the increase of the cement content. The unconfined compressive strength of stabilized contaminated soils first increases with the increase of times of freeze-thaw cycle, and after reaching the peak, it decreases with the increase of times of freeze-thaw cycle. The results of the scanning electron microscopy tests are consistent with those of the unconfined compressive strength tests. This paper also reveals the microcosmic mechanism of the changes in engineering of the stabilized contaminated soils under freeze-thaw cycle.

scholarly journals Investigations on Engineering Properties of Solidified/Stabilized Pb-Contaminated Soil Based on Alkaline Residue

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fusheng Zha ◽  
Dongdong Pan ◽  
Long Xu ◽  
Bo Kang ◽  
Chengbin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hydration Products ◽  
Microstructure Characteristics

Solidification/stabilization (S/S) has been considered as one of the most effective techniques for remediation of the heavy metal-contaminated sites. Among various binders adopted in S/S, alkaline residue (AR) could be considered as a new binder to treat heavy metal-contaminated soil due to its strong adsorptive capacity for heavy metal ions. So in this paper, the strength, leaching, and microstructure characteristics of the solidified/stabilized Pb-contaminated soil by using alkaline residue are systematically investigated. Test results present that the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the treated soil will increase, while the leached Pb2+ concentration will decrease, with the increase of the alkaline residue content in the specimen. The UCS increases significantly with the curing time increasing during the initial 28 days, after which the UCS of the specimen becomes stable. The leached Pb2+ concentration decreases significantly at the initial 28 days followed by a stable trend with curing time increasing. The UCS decreases and the leached Pb2+ concentration increases with the increase of the initial Pb2+ concentration in the specimen. The microstructural analysis performed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that the increase of the alkaline residue content and curing time will result in more hydration products and densified microstructure, which could effectively improve the engineering properties of the specimen.

scholarly journals Appraisal of Geotechnical Characteristics of Ormara Soil, Baluchistan, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Abdul Jabbar Khan ◽  
Naveed Ahsan ◽  
Muhammad Sanaullah ◽  
Gulraiz Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Triaxial Compression ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Clay Layer ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Geotechnical Characteristics ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Construction Plans ◽  
Triaxial Compression Tests

Ormara is located 240 km west of Karachi which is a coastal and port city (25° 16' 29N, 64° 35' 10E) ofPakistan. Present study evaluates engineering properties of soils of Ormara for future construction plans and possibleexpansions in the area. Fifty bore holes were done in study area at depths of 20m, 40m and some (10 bore holes) were60m deep. The study area was divided into three major zones i.e. Foot hills, on-shore and off-shore. Groundwater wasencountered at depths of 2.75m on onshore and offshore zones and at 3.65m depth in foothill zone. Laboratory testingi.e. moisture content (12 to 38 %), liquid limit (from 26 to 34), plasticity index (10 to 18) of soil samples indicate thatsoils are low plastic to moderate plastic in nature. Soil samples of granular soils indicate angles of internal friction (ø)varying from 260- 36ºin upper sand layers while 260 to 30º in lower silt layers (encountered after the clay layer) andCohesion ranges 0 to 0.04kg/cm2 in all three zones. Further, unconsolidated undrained triaxial compression tests on aclayey soil sample indicated an undrained cohesion value of 28 kPa. Density values ranges from 1.6 to 2.05gm/cm3.Consolidation (Cv = 0.20 to 0.40 cm2/minute, Cc = 0.149 to 0.17) has been calculated for clay layer. Chemical testscarried out on soil samples indicated that soil and water both are reactive aggressively and may cause corrosion to steeland concrete disintegration.

Health Risk Assessment and Quantitative Calculation of Typical Cr Contaminated Sites

2011 ◽  
Vol 414 ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Song Sun ◽  
Hang Zhou ◽  
Xiao Nan Sun ◽  
An Ping Liu ◽  
Jian Ming Sun
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Quantitative Calculation ◽  
Chemical Factory

Select the former site of a chemical factory in Chongqing, China as the typical Cr contaminated site. According to “Technical guidelines for risk assessment of contaminated sites” and “Standard of Soil Quality Assessment for Exhibition Sites (Interim)” (HJ-350-2007), this paper conducts health risk assessment for the site, and provide a basis for contaminated soil remediation. At the same time, according to the contaminated condition, used the Golden Software Surfer 8 to draw the boundary of contaminated soils and thus calculate the volume of contaminated soil. By estimation the volume is about 3122.3 m3, which provide detailed data for the later remediation engineering.

scholarly journals Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil: Assessment of Compost Manure and Organic Soap

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary Uguru ◽  
Akpokodje, O. I.
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Compost Manure

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of compost manure and organic soap on hydrocarbon degradation in petroleum products contaminated soil. 10 kg of top soil collected at a depth of 0-20 cm, air dried and sieved, were poured into plastic containers. The soil samples were was pounded with 1 L of spent engine oil, 1 L of kerosene, 1 L of petrol and 1 L of diesel daily for five days. The containers were placed under natural environmental conditions for three weeks to enable full acclimatization of the petroleum products with the soil. A completely randomized design comprising T1 (Polluted soil without treatment ‘control’); T2 (10 kg contaminated soil + 500 g organic soap); T3 (10 kg contaminated soil + 500 g compost manure); and T4 (10 kg contaminated soil + 500 g compost manure + 500 g organic soap) was used for this study. Some physical characteristics (soil porosity and specific gravity) and Total Hydrocarbon Content (THC) of the soil samples were tested for, after the full acclimatization of the soil samples, and at the end of the 10 week experimental period, in accordance with standard methods. Results of the study showed that addition of the compost manure and organic soap the contaminated soil samples significantly (p ≤0.05) degraded the THC, and improved the soil physical characteristics. The result showed that the combination of compost manure and organic soap gave the best remediation result (from 957.21 mg/kg to 154.36 mg/kg), followed by organic soap (from 957.21mg/kg to 203.61 mg/kg), and then compost manure (from 957.21 mg/kg to 262.03 mg/kg). At the end of the experimental period, vegetative growth was observed in the treated soil samples; whereas,  in the control soil samples vegetative growth was absent. Results obtained from this study have shown that amending petroleum products contaminated soils with compost manure and organic soap will enhance remediation of petroleum products contaminated sites.

Phyto-Availability of Potentially Toxic Metals in Curcubita ficifolia Grown on Contaminated and Non-Contaminated Soils

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Conrad K. Enenebeaku ◽  
Chidozie N. Anyanwu ◽  
Nnaemeka J. Okorocha ◽  
Uchechi E. Enenebeaku ◽  
Emmanuel Nzediegwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Potentially Toxic Metals ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Before And After

In order to estimate plant available fraction of metals in two soil samples-contaminated soil (A) and non-contaminated soil (B), a vegetable crop,Curcubita ficifoliawas grown on both soil samples. The matured leaf was harvested and analyzed for its metal concentration after three (3) months of growth. The soil samples were collected before and after planting, digested with acid and analyzed to determine the pseudo total metal concentration and quantification was done using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). To correlate metal accumulation by the vegetable with potential bioavailability of metals in soils, sequential extraction (SE) using the modified BCR technique was performed on the soils. Soil sample B was used for quality control. It was observed that each metal differed considerably in uptake. And theC. ficifoliacultivated on soil sample A had tissue concentrations of Zn, Mn and Cu as follows: 39.6mgkg-1, 18.3mgkg-1and 26.3mgkg-1respectively. Also,C. ficifoliacultivated on soil sample B had a lower absorption of Zn, Mn and Cu with concentrations of 10.21mgkg-1, 9.11mgkg-1, and 7.6mgkg-1respectively. Results of sequential extraction showed that Zn for soil sample A, and Fe for sample B were mostly present in the acid exchangeable and reducible fractions where these metals were mostly taken up.

Toxicity Assessment of some Crude Oil Contaminated Soils in the Niger Delta

2009 ◽  
Vol 62-64 ◽  
pp. 451-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.A. Aisien ◽  
J.C. Chiadikobi ◽  
E.T. Aisien
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Physiochemical Parameters

This paper considered the toxicity assessment of some crude oil contaminated soils in Niger Delta areas. The soil samples were collected from different horizontal distances, vertical depths and contaminated soil of different ages. The heavy metals in the contaminated soils were digested and extracted using di-acid digested and DTPA extraction methods respectively. The physiochemical parameters (moisture content, pH, N, P and heavy metals (Ni, Pb and Cd) were analysed with APHA method. The heavy metals concentration was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The results show that the metals concentration decreased with the age of the contaminated soil and with increased vertical depths. However, the metals concentrations were almost constant at different horizontal distances. Similar trend was observed for the moisture content, pH, N, P and K.

scholarly journals Molecular Diversity of Plasmids Bearing Genes That Encode Toluene and Xylene Metabolism in Pseudomonas Strains Isolated from Different Contaminated Sites in Belarus

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 2842-2852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir S. Sentchilo ◽  
Alexander N. Perebituk ◽  
Alexander J. B. Zehnder ◽  
Jan Roelof van der Meer
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Common Ancestry ◽  
Catabolic Genes ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

ABSTRACT Twenty different Pseudomonas strains utilizingm-toluate were isolated from oil-contaminated soil samples near Minsk, Belarus. Seventeen of these isolates carried plasmids ranging in size from 78 to about 200 kb (assigned pSVS plasmids) and encoding the meta cleavage pathway for toluene metabolism. Most plasmids were conjugative but of unknown incompatibility groups, except for one, which belonged to the IncP9 group. The organization of the genes for toluene catabolism was determined by restriction analysis and hybridization with xyl gene probes of pWW0. The majority of the plasmids carried xyl-type genes highly homologous to those of pWW53 and organized in a similar manner (M. T. Gallegos, P. A. Williams, and J. L. Ramos, J. Bacteriol. 179:5024–5029, 1997), with two distinguishable metapathway operons, one upper pathway operon, and threexylS-homologous regions. All of these plasmids also possessed large areas of homologous DNA outside the catabolic genes, suggesting a common ancestry. Two other pSVS plasmids carried only onemeta pathway operon, one upper pathway operon, and one copy each of xylS and xylR. The backbones of these two plasmids differed greatly from those of the others. Whereas these parts of the plasmids, carrying the xyl genes, were mostly conserved between plasmids of each group, the noncatabolic parts had undergone intensive DNA rearrangements. DNA sequencing of specific regions near and within the xylTE and xylAgenes of the pSVS plasmids confirmed the strong homologies to thexyl genes of pWW53 and pWW0. However, several recombinations were discovered within the upper pathway operons of the pSVS plasmids and pWW0. The main genetic mechanisms which are thought to have resulted in the present-day configuration of thexyl operons are discussed in light of the diversity analysis carried out on the pSVS plasmids.

Performance of Raft Foundation under Static Vertical Loading in Contaminated Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 234-242
Author(s):  
Mahmoud S. Abdul Kareem ◽  
Mustafa A. Kadhem ◽  
Halah K.T. AL-Nealy ◽  
Lina H.A. AL-Midhatee
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Permanent Settlement ◽  
Intact Soil ◽  
Properties Of Soil

This study focuses on studying the impacts of residues oil on the geotechnical properties of soil and the performance of raft footing rested on oil contaminated soil and subjected to vertical loads. The contaminant used in the present study is residues oil, which is by product disposed of diesel engine oils. The soil samples are contaminated artificially by soaking with two percentage of disposed engine oil of contaminant consist of (disposed engine oil and gasoline) of 20% weight of dried of intact soil samples to obtain different concentrations of contaminant absorbed by soil samples for 30 days to complete the saturation. The mechanical model manufactured to investigate the behavior of raft footing under vertical static loading rested on intact and contaminated soils. The obtained results detected contaminant content have notable impacts on the physical soil characteristics such as the fine particles, specific gravity, plasticity index, and maximum dry unit weight decreased with the increase of contaminant content than that of intact soil. The mechanical soil properties of soil indicated the increase of the compressibility of soil with increase of residues oil percentage, but the soil strength and stiffness are decreased notably. In addition, the total and permanent settlement of raft footing constructed in contaminated soil samples increased by (27-43) % and by (41-58) % than that of an intact soil sample, respectively.

EVALUATION OF SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTY AS A DETERMINING FACTOR OF EROSION: A CASE STUDY OF BEHIND NIGERIA INSTITUTE OF LEATHER AND SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY, ZARIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
H. S. Garuba ◽  
M. K. Mukhtar ◽  
G. N. Ugama ◽  
A. Jamilu ◽  
M. K. Aliyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Soil Physical Property ◽  
Soil Sediment ◽  
Determining Factor

Soil Erosion is the detachment, transportation and deposition of soil sediment from one place to another. This has led to loss of lives and infrastructure in many parts of Nigeria. Soil properties play a role in it vulnerability and extent to erosion. This study aims to evaluate selected physical properties as they interact to cause erosion in the study area.  The study was conducted in 2012 in a gully site in relation to its potential to erodibility of gully channel. This was done by collection of various soil samples at different depth followed by laboratory analysis to determine the plastic limit, moisture content and other engineering properties. The Results indicated that the soil samples have Atterberg limit that might be considered low, while liquid limit (LL) ranged from 25 – 30, the plasticity index (PI) ranged from 1 – 5%, which suggested that the soils are slightly plastic. Moisture content was moderate. The soil properties investigated played a major role in exacerbating the gully erosion in the area, therefore, the existing culvert should be redesigned and reconstructed taking appropriate consideration of the underlying soil properties

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