Prevalence of Depression and Associated Factors among Diabetic Patients in an Outpatient Diabetes Clinic

Despite adequate treatment for diabetes, it is estimated that 15%- 20% of people with diabetes are struggling with a moderate to severe form of depression daily. Little is known about depression in diabetes in East Africa, particularly in Tanzania. The study is aimed at determining the prevalence of depression and associated factors among patients with diabetes. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at the diabetes clinic of Muhimbili National Hospital. The 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ 9) scale was used to assess presence of depressive symptoms among diabetes patients at the clinic. In addition, patient’s sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were obtained and analysed for their association with depression. A total of 353 participants were recruited, of whom 229 (64.9%) patients were female and 156 (44.2%) were aged between 41 and 60 years. The overall prevalence of depression among diabetes patients at the diabetes clinic was 87%. Most (56.7%) had minimal depression, 22.1% had mild depression, and 8.2% had moderate depression. None had severe depression. Factors independently associated with a diagnosis of mild to moderate depression were being on insulin therapy and being a current smoker. There was a high prevalence of depression in this diabetic population. Majority of patients had minimal depression but about 30% had either mild or moderate depression. A holistic approach that focuses on the identification and management of depression among patients with diabetes is recommended.

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression among Patients with Diabetes at Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Psychiatry Journal ◽

10.1155/2019/6160927 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jnadi M. Madkhali ◽

Ammar A. Hakami ◽

Ali H. Dallak ◽

Ramzi M. Hakami ◽

Abdullah A. Yatimi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Patients With Diabetes

Context. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a poorer quality of life when compared with patients without DM. In fact, one in every five diabetic patients suffers from comorbid depression, which can lead to poor management, poor compliance with treatment, and low quality of life. Therefore, we assessed the prevalence of depression and identified its associated factors among diabetic patients at Jazan Province, KSA. Methods and Materials. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 diabetic patients attending a diabetic center in addition to four primary healthcare centers. We used a simple Arabic translation of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II) tool to evaluate the depression level among the subjects. We also evaluated the frequencies of certain sociodemographic characteristics and clinical information. Moreover, we performed univariate and multivariate analyses to identify the potential risk factors using adjusted odds ratios (AORs). Results. The prevalence of depression among DM patients was 20.6%. The majority of patients showed no depression (N = 285, 59.4%), one-fifth had mild depression (N = 96, 20.0%), some (N = 55, 11.4%) had moderate depression, and some had severe depression (N = 44, 9.2%). Depression was significantly more prevalent among uneducated patients (N = 27, 31.8%) (X2 = 17.627, P = 0.001) and patients with low monthly income (< 2500 SR/month) (N = 33, 22.8%) (X2 = 9.920, P = 0.019). Hypertension (AOR = 2.531, 95% CI [1.454, 4.406]) and ischemic heart diseases (AOR = 3.892, 95% CI [1.995, 7.593]) were considered as risk factors for depression among diabetic patients. Conclusions. Almost one in every five patients with DM is affected by depression coexisting with cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, screening for psychological problems, proper treatment, and educating patients with diabetes about DM self-management should be routine components of DM care.

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Diabetes Distress and Associated Factors in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in South East Nigeria

Dubai Diabetes and Endocrinology Journal ◽

10.1159/000508706 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 31-37

Author(s):

Belonwu M. Onyenekwe ◽

Ekenechukwu E. Young ◽

Chidimma B. Nwatu ◽

Christian I. Okafor ◽

Chidiebere V. Ugwueze

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Insulin Injection ◽

Diabetes Distress ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Diabetes Clinic ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Interpersonal Distress ◽

Younger Age ◽

Patients With Diabetes

Background: Diabetes distress (DD) is a common worldwide problem in diabetic patients irrespective of age and type of treatment. In the DAWN 2 study (Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes, and Needs), DD was reported by 44.6% of participants. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and level of DD and its associated factors among adult diabetic patients in South East Nigeria. Methods: The present study was cross-sectional and descriptive. Patients attending the adult diabetes clinic were enrolled. The questionnaire was administered by the investigators. All patients were eligible. Their demographic and clinical data were obtained. They were screened for DD using the DD Scale (DDS)-2 and DDS-17. Data were tabulated and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: There were 110 subjects (38 males and 72 females), aged 36–85 years (60.5 ± 10.0). Only 9 (8.2%) had diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1, while the rest had type 2 DM. Twenty-five subjects (22.7%) were on insulin injection. Hypertension was coexistent in 72%, and they were prescribed 3–10 medications (5.9 ± 1.5) at the time of assessment. The male and female subjects were comparable. Moderate to severe DD was present in 51.9% (DDS-17). The average scores were for DDS-2, 3.1; DDS-17, 2.3; emotional burden, 2.9; physician-related distress, 1.4; regimen-related distress, 2.5, and interpersonal distress, 2.2. Distress was significantly associated with a younger age, T1DM, longer duration of diabetes, use of insulin injection, and HbA1C level. Conclusion: DD is a common consequence of living with diabetes and impairs diabetes self-care behavior and glycemic control. Active screening for DD should be an integral part of diabetes care. Diabetes self-management education and support should be implemented at diagnosis and as needed thereafter, especially when DD is diagnosed.

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Depression among patients with diabetes mellitus in a Nigerian teaching hospital

South African Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v16i2.232 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 4 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bawo Onesirosan James ◽

Joyce Ohiole Omoaregba ◽

George Eze ◽

Olufemi Morakinyo

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Control Group ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Depression Symptom ◽

Treatment Goals ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Diabetes Patients

Objectives. Depression is associated with diabetes mellitus and affects treatment goals negatively. We aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and identify its socio-demographic or clinical correlates among patients with diabetes mellitus attending an out-patient clinic in Nigeria.Methods. Two hundred consecutively recruited diabetes patients (index group) were compared with a similar number of apparently healthy controls in a cross-sectional survey. In both groups, in addition to obtaining socio-demographic details, depression was diagnosed using the Schedule for the Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN), while the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to assess depression symptom severity. Results. Sixty (30%) diabetes patients met a SCAN diagnosis for clinical depression, compared with 19 (9.5%) in the control group. Having a smaller income and more children were significantly correlated with higher depression symptoms on the BDI.Conclusion. Depression is highly co-morbid with diabetes mellitus. The care of individuals with diabetes mellitus should include the screening and possible treatment for depression in order to achieve and sustain treatment goals.

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Hypoglycemia Prevention Practice and Associated Factors Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Following at Public Hospitals of Central Zone, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2018

10.21203/rs.2.11704/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Gebrewahd Bezabh Gebremichael ◽

Teklewoini Mariye Zemichael

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Central Zone ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

P Value ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

At Home

Abstract Background Hypoglycemia is an acute medical situation that occurs when blood sugar falls below the recommended level. Even though, hypoglycemia prevention practice in the management of diabetes mellitus is one cornerstone in controlling the effect of hypoglycemia, hypoglycemia prevention practice among patients with diabetes mellitus is insufficiently studied. Moreover, the existed scarce literature in Ethiopia revealed hypoglycemia prevention practice is inadequate. Thus, this study tried to assess hypoglycemia prevention practices and associated factors among diabetic patients. Methods Hospital-based, cross-sectional study design was employed from April one to March one 2018 in Central Zone of Tigray Regional state of Ethiopia. A total of 272 diabetes mellitus patients were selected by systematic random sampling method from study area. The collected data was checked for its completeness and then entered into Epi data version 3.1 then cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Binary logistic regression model (AOR, 95% CI and p-value < 0.05) was used to determine the predictors of hypoglycemia prevention practice. Results the mean age of respondents was 52.19 years and about 100 (63.2%) had good hypoglycemia prevention practice. Knowledge regarding hypoglycemia [AOR = 10.34; 95% CI [5.41, 19.89]], having a glucometer at home [AOR=3. 02; 95% CI [1.12, 8.12]], attitude regarding diabetes mellitus [AOR = 2.36 CI [1.26, 4.39]], being governmental employee [AOR=5. 19, 95% CI [1.63, 16.58]] and being divorced [AOR = 0.13, 95% CI [0.32, 0.53]] were found significantly associated with good hypoglycemia prevention practice. Conclusion Around two third of the study participants were found to have good hypoglycemia prevention practice. Good knowledge and favorable attitude toward diabetes mellitus, having glucometer at home, being governmental employee and divorced were found to be the predictors of good hypoglycemia prevention practice.

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Depression, anxiety, and associated factors in patients with diabetes: evidence from the Anxiety, Depression, and Personality Traits in Diabetes Mellitus (ADAPT-DM) study

10.21203/rs.2.20390/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Farris Iman Leong Bin Abdullah ◽

Sy-Cherng Luke Woon ◽

Hatta Sidi ◽

Arun Ravindran ◽

Paula Junggar Gosse ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Health Related Qol ◽

Health Related ◽

Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background Depression and anxiety are common psychiatric complications affecting patients with diabetes mellitus. However, data on the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and associated factors among Malaysian diabetic patients is scarce. The Anxiety, Depression, and Personality Traits in Diabetes Mellitus (ADAPT-DM) study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and anxiety, and their associated factors in the Malaysian diabetic population. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited 300 diabetic patients via convenience sampling from the Endocrine outpatient clinic of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, a tertiary referral healthcare facility in Kuala Lumpur. Socio-demographic characteristics and clinical history were obtained from each participant. The Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) was administered to assess anxiety symptoms, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to assess depressive symptoms, the Big Five Inventory (BFI) to evaluate personality traits, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) to measure quality of life (QOL). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between various factors, and depression and anxiety. Results The prevalence of depression was 20% (n = 60) while anxiety was 9% (n = 27). Co-morbid depression (adjusted OR = 24.91, 95% CI = 5.67–109.42, p < 0.001), neuroticism (adjusted OR = 9.24, 95% CI = 2.03–42.03, p = 0.004), and greater physical health-related QOL (adjusted OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.07–2.59, p = 0.024) increased the odds of developing anxiety, while psychological QOL (adjusted OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.21–0.79, p = 0.008) was protective. Co-morbid anxiety (adjusted OR = 20.06, 95% CI = 4.70–85.57, p < 0.001) increased the odds of depression, while older age (adjusted OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.92–0.99, p = 0.012), regular religious practice (adjusted OR= 0.08, 95% CI= 0.01-0.56, p= 0.011) and physical health-related QOL (adjusted OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.59–0.89, p = 0.002) were protective. Conclusions The study findings signify the need to screen for co-morbid depression and anxiety, as well as personality traits and QOL, and to include psychosocial interventions when planning a multidisciplinary approach to managing diabetes.

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PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION IN MEDICAL STUDENTS AT RAWAL INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES, ISLAMABAD

Pakistan Journal of Public Health ◽

10.32413/pjph.v8i1.139 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 43-47

Author(s):

Uzma Hassan ◽

Naila Azam ◽

Ayesha Farooq ◽

Najm US Saqib Khan

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Common Mental Disorder ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Health Sciences ◽

Female Students ◽

Medical Institute ◽

Mild Depression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Moderate Depression ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

Background: Depression is a common mental disorder, a reason of disability and can lead to suicidal tendency. It is a major contributor to the global burden of disease, causing more than 350 million, all age people suffering from depression. Medical Institute is a stressful and competitive atmosphere so the medical students have to make a lot of personal and social sacrifice to retain respectable educational grades. This pressure may result in an extensive range of psychological ailments like depression, tension and anxiety. Objective: To determine the prevalence of depression in medical students at Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over six months using the non-probability convenience method of sampling. Total 100 students from different classes of 1st to 5th year MBBS were included. A close ended questionnaire was used by interview method and response was noted against thirteen study variables related to symptoms of depression. The prevalence of depression in students was calculated based on the ICD-10 criteria; according to which they were categorized as "no depression" having less than four symptoms, "mild depression" having four symptoms, "moderate depression" having four to six symptoms and "severe depression" having seven or more symptoms. Results: Out of 100 students 55% students were suffering from depression: among which 15 % were having mild depression, 23 % had moderate depression and 17 % had severe depression. It was more common among female students, residing in hostels. Conclusion: The results depicted that there is high prevalence of depression in medical students, more among female students. This study sets an important groundwork for more elaborate and extensive future studies. It is recommended that the Institutes should have comprehensive educational programs, regarding preventive measures about mental health syndromes, and implementation of rehabilitative approaches in this regard.

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Musculoskeletal Disorders in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.1155/2018/3839872 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. Majjad ◽

Y. Errahali ◽

H. Toufik ◽

J. H Djossou ◽

M. A. Ghassem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Vascular Complications ◽

Female Gender ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patients With Diabetes

Introduction. A variety of musculoskeletal disorders (MS) have been associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed at assessing the prevalence and associated factors of MS disorders in Moroccan diabetic patients. Methods. A cross-sectional study enrolled consecutive patients with DM. We recorded demographic features of patients and characteristics of DM. MS disorders and vascular complications were assessed by clinical examinations and investigations. Associated factors of MS disorders were assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses. Result. 376 subjects were included; 84.6% had type 2 DM. The participants’ median age was 54 years [45–62]; 41% had one or more vascular complications. 34.4% had one or more MS disorders. Osteoarthritis was present in 19.4% of patients. Hand disorders were seen in 14.4%. Shoulder capsulitis was present in 12.5%. Long duration of diabetes and dyslipidemia were associated with increased prevalence of hand abnormalities (P=0.017; P=0.019, respectively). Age and dyslipidemia were associated with shoulder capsulitis (P=0.019; P=0.047, respectively). Female gender, overweight, and nephropathy were associated with increased odds of osteoarthritis (P=0.009, P=0.004, and P=0.032, respectively). Conclusion. MS disorders are frequent in this population and associated with various factors. HbA1c level does not appear to be associated with development of MS disorders.

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Prevalence and associated factors of uncontrolled hyperlipidemia among Thai patients with diabetes and clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases: a cross-sectional study

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-021-05535-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Teeraboon Lertwanichwattana ◽

Ram Rangsin ◽

Boonsub Sakboonyarat

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Community Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

History Of ◽

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases

Abstract Objectives The research aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of uncontrolled hyperlipidemia among Thai patients with the disease and Clinical ASCVD. Results A total of 1,527 Thai diabetic patients with a history of ASCVD were included in the study. Uncontrolled hyperlipidemia was detected among 1,216 patients (79.6%; 95% CI 77.6–81.7). The independent factors associated with uncontrolled hyperlipidemia included being female (adjusted odds ratio (AORs); 1.5, 95% CI 1.2–2.0), using thiazolidinedione (AORs; 1.7, 95% CI 1.1–2.7), community hospital (AORs; 4.3, 95% CI 1.0–18.0) and BMI level at 18.5–22.9 kg/m2 (AORs; 2.2, 95% CI 1.2–4.0), 23.0–24.9 kg/m2 (AORs; 1.8 95% CI 0.9–3.3), 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 (AORs; 2.3 95% CI 1.3–4.3) and ≥ 30 kg/m2 (AORs; 2.5 95% CI 1.3–4.9).

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Prevalence, Patterns, and Factors Associated with Peripheral Neuropathies among Diabetic Patients at Tertiary Hospital in the Kilimanjaro Region: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study from North-Eastern Tanzania

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2019/5404781 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ahlam A. Amour ◽

Nyasatu Chamba ◽

Johnstone Kayandabila ◽

Isaack A. Lyaruu ◽

Dekker Marieke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Medical Center ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Severe Form ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Diabetes Clinic ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Duration Of Diabetes

Objective. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and may progress to diabetic foot, which frequently leads to amputation and/or disability and death. Data is scanty on the burden of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Tanzania. The aim of this study was to assess the burden of peripheral neuropathy, its severity, and the associated factors. Methods. The study was a cross-sectional hospital-based study and was carried out from October 2017 to March 2018 among adolescent and adult patients attending Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center (KCMC) diabetes clinic. Results. A total of 327 diabetic patients, females n=215 (65.7%) and males n=121 (34.3%), were included in the study. The mean age was 57.2 yrs. A total of 238 (72%) had type 2 and 89 (27.2%) had type1 DM. The prevalence of peripheral neuropathy was 72.2% of whom 55% were severe, 19% were moderate, and 26% were mild. The severity of neuropathy increased with the increase in age >40 years (p < 0.001) and increase in body mass index (p<0.001) and duration of diabetes; duration >7 years (p <0.006). The main associated factors were age >40 years, OR 2.8 (1.0-7.7), >60 years, OR 6.4 (2.3-18.2), obesity, OR 6.7 (0.9-27.7), and hypertension, OR 4.3 (2.2-8.2). Conclusion. More than half of the patients included in this study were found to have neuropathy, nearly half of whom presented with the severe form. The main risk factors were increasing age, increasing duration of diabetes, obesity, and hypertension. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is underdiagnosed in northern Tanzania where screening for neuropathy is not routinely done.

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