scholarly journals The Use of a Hypoallergenic Dermal Matrix for Wrapping in Peripheral Nerve Lesions Regeneration: Functional and Quantitative Morphological Analysis in an Experimental Animal Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Rosario Colonna ◽  
Antonina Fazio ◽  
Alfio Luca Costa ◽  
Franco Galletti ◽  
Roberto Lo Giudice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dermal Matrix ◽  
Injured Nerve ◽  
Group A ◽  
G Ratio

Introduction. The aim of this research was to test, in an animal model, the nerve regeneration technique with a hypoallergenic acellular dermal matrix used to wrap the microsurgical neural suture. Materials and Methods. Two groups of rats received the cut of limb right median nerves. The regeneration technique considers for both groups an end-to-end nerve suture. In the experimental group (A) was used also a wrapping protocol by a conduit of collagen matrix currently used in oral surgery. The animals underwent functional grasping tests (at 1, 3, 5, and 7 months) and a histological and quantitative analysis of distal nerve was performed at the end of experimental time. Result. After seven months, the grasping test reveals functional recovery in each tested animal; this improvement is more evident in Group A. The fibers appear well organized with restored myelin sheaths in both groups. Group A showed a great quantity of connective tissue surrounding the nerve. The quantitative morphology analysis in both groups shows a similar fibers density, fiber diameter, and myelin thickness. The differences between the groups in axon mean diameter are significant. In Group A M/d, D/d, and g-ratio is significantly higher compared to control group. Conclusions. Histological and functional assessments show a functional recovery of the injured nerve in the test groups, stressed by the results of the grasping tests and the meaningful increasing in fiber diameter and higher g-ratio. Moreover, a connective tissue cuff distinguishes the distal portion of the injured nerve. Considering the easy availability and handling of the material used in this study we can conclude that this experimental technique can be considered as a valid alternative to protect nerves in nerve wrap surgery.

scholarly journals Functional and electron-microscopic changes after differential traction injury in the sciatic nerve of a rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Hwan Byun ◽  
Kang-Min Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Traction Injury ◽  
Fiber Number ◽  
Group A ◽  
Myelin Thickness ◽  
Group B ◽  
G Ratio

Abstract Background During maxillofacial trauma or oral cancer surgery, peripheral nerve might be damaged by traction injury. The purpose of this study was to evaluate functional and histomorphometric changes after traction nerve injury in the sciatic nerve of a rat model. Methods A total of 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into three groups: unstretched (sham/control, group A), stretched with 0.7N (group B) and 1.5N (group C). Traction injury was performed for 10 min in B and C groups. Functional recovery of the sciatic nerve was evaluated by walking track analysis, toe spread test, and pinprick test 2 weeks after injury. The weight of gastrocnemius muscles of both sides was measured to evaluate weight ratio (ipsilateral/contralateral). Total number of axons, axon fiber size, myelin thickness, G-ratio, axon number/mm2, diameter of fiber, changes of longitudinal width, and formation of the edema and hematoma were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. Results The sciatic function indexes were −11.48±4.0, −15.11±14.84, and −49.12±35.42 for groups A, B, and C, respectively. Pinprick test showed 3.0, 2.86±0.38, and 1.38±0.52 for A, B, and group C. Muscle weight ratios were 0.98±0.13 for group A, 0.70±0.10 for group B, and 0.54±0.05 for group C. There were significant differences in toe spread test, pinprick test, and muscle weight ratio between control group and experimental group (p<0.001). In the experimental group, fiber number, fiber size, G-ratio, fiber number/mm2, myelin thickness, diameter of fiber, and longitudinal width were decreased with statistical significance. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that the nerve traction injury in the rat sciatic nerve damaged the motor and sensory function and axonal integrity. The amount of functional nerve damage was proportional to the amount of traction power and dependent on the initial tensile strengths (0.7N and 1.5N).

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF TRIMETAZIDINE METABOLIC THERAPY ON CONNECTIVE TISSUE METABOLISM IN EXPERIMENTAL DIFFUSE ISCHEMIC NECROTIC CARDIOSCLEROSIS IN RATS WITH DIFFERENT RATES OF HYPOXIA RESISTANCE

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Saturska ◽  
Yu. I. Bondarenko ◽  
U. V. Saturska
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resistance To Hypoxia ◽  
Metabolic Therapy ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Medium Resistance ◽  
Group A ◽  
Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride

<p>Background. The change in metabolism of the connective tissue elements of heart is the central chain in<br />pathogenesis of diffuse ischemic necrotic cardiosclerosis (DINC), which occurs after repeated epinephrine injury<br />of myocardial tissues.<br />Objective. This study proves that trimetazidine (TM) metabolic therapy has a protective effect on the<br />development of DINC in rats with different rates of hypoxia resistance.<br />Methods. Male white rats were divided into three groups due to the different rates of hypoxia resistance by<br />means of the method of hypobaric hypoxia: rats with low, middle and high rates of hypoxia resistance. Each<br />group was divided into equal subgroups: a control group, a DINC group (injections of epinephrine hydrotartrate<br />(0,5 mg/kg of body weight) and calcium gluconate (5 mg/kg of body weight) two times), a control group administrated<br />with trimetazidine dihydrochloride (10 mg/kg of body weight), a DINC group treated with TM every day<br />(10 mg/kg of body weight) for all period of observation. Concentration of protein-bound oxyproline in blood<br />serum was evaluated on the 7th, 14th and 30th days after the pathology simulation. Histological examination of<br />Masson trichrome staining of myocardium was performed on the 30th days after the pathology simulation.<br />Results. DINC increased the concentration of protein-bound oxyproline in blood serum on the 7th, 14th and<br />30th days after the pathology simulation, and followed by metabolic imbalances in diffuse connective tissue elements,<br />which are rich in collagens. DINC+TM increased the concentration of protein-bound oxyproline in blood<br />serum less intensively.<br />Conclusions. The intensity of metabolic imbalances in diffuse connective tissue elements is the highest in<br />the low resistant animals to hypoxia. Those results are confirmed by histological examination of the myocardium<br />of rats with different resistance to hypoxia. Fibrotic regions in myocardium are rich in collagens. It has been<br />revealed that the most pronounced therapeutic effect of TM is observed in animals with low resistance to hypoxia,<br />slight – in animals with medium resistance to hypoxia, and the lowest – in animals with high resistance to<br />hypoxia.<br />KEY WORDS: hypoxia, heart, diffuse cardiosclerosis, trimetazidine, oxyproline.</p>

scholarly journals Clinical and Histological Differences between Guided Tissue Regeneration with Acellular Dermal Matrix of Porcine Origin and Autologous Connective Tissue: An Animal Study

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Javier Aragoneses ◽  
Ana Suárez ◽  
Cinthia Rodríguez ◽  
Juan Manuel Aragoneses
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Acellular Dermal Matrix ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dermal Matrix ◽  
A Value ◽  
Keratinized Tissue ◽  
Sus Scrofa Domestica ◽  
Acellular Dermal ◽  
Porcine Origin ◽  
Keratin Layer

This research aims to evaluate the clinical and histological parametric differences concerning keratinized tissue that result from two regeneration techniques, the subepithelial autologous connective tissue graft (ACTG) and the acellular dermal matrix (MD) of porcine origin, performed on surgical beds on edentulous spaces in an animal model. The parameters of the MD and ACTG groups were compared with samples of the control group (CG) after 15, 45, and 90 days. Nine female white pigs (Sus scrofa domestica) were used, and each animal provided 20 study areas (12 MD and 8 ACTG). At 15 days, the keratin layer thickness in the MD group was greater than those of the ACTG (25.27 vs. 19.95 μm) and the CG (21.2 μm). After 45 days, the MD and ACTG thickness values decreased but were higher than the CG. At 90 days, MD (19.46 μm) obtained a value close to that of CG, and the ACTG decreased to CG (15.53 μm, p < 0.001). The use of an MD may be a viable alternative to the ACTG because of its ability to provide increased keratinized tissue in comparison to the ACTG.

scholarly journals Morphological features of histogenic differon cells in connective tissue of guinea pigs’ lungs after sensitization with ovalbumin

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-225
Author(s):  
S. S. Popko ◽  
V. M. Yevtushenko
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Experimental Sensitization ◽  
Pulmonary Connective Tissue

An urgent issue of modern morphology is establishing a number of patterns of morphological changes and reactivity of connective tissue components of lungs in case of experimental sensitization with allergens. The aim is to estimate morphological features of histogenic differon cells in connective tissue of guinea pigs’ lungs after sensitization with ovalbumin. Materials and methods. Using morphometric and histological method, we have estimated the lung connective tissue of 48 male guinea pigs with experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation, simulated by subcutaneous sensitization and aeroallergization with ovalbumin. The number of fibrocytes, fibroblasts per 5000 μm2 and their ratio – fibroblast/fibrocyte coefficient were determined. Results. We have established the regularity of morphological changes dynamics in the cellular elements of pulmonary connective tissue. Experimental sensitization and inhalated allergization with ovalbumin leads to a statistically significant increase in the average number of fibroblasts and fibrocytes throughout the observation period in all experimental groups. It has been proved that the dynamics of cells has a multidirectional character, demonstrated by indicators of the fibroblast/fibrocyte coefficient, which shows the disproportion in the fibroblast/fibrocyte ratio and proves the tendency to the development of fibrosis in guinea pigs’ pulmonary connective tissue in case of experimental sensitization with ovalbumin. Conclusions. A gradual increase in the number of fibrocytes, against the background of a decrease in the number of fibroblasts is observed from the 23rd day to the completion of experimental sensitization with ovalbumin in the lungs of guinea pigs, compared with control group. A decrease of fibroblast/fibrocyte coefficient from 1.37 ± 0.03 in the early period to 0.82 ± 0.03 in the late period of the allergic inflammation demonstrates multidirectional nature of the dynamics in the number of connective tissue cells and indicates a tendency towards the development of fibrosis in pulmonary connective tissue.

scholarly journals Delayed (6h) Intracarotid Treatment with TNK-tPA Improves Neurological Functional Recovery after Embolic Stroke in the Unanesthetized Rat

Stroke ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
Ruilan Zhang ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Anton Goussev ◽  
Michael Chopp
Keyword(s):  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Animal Body ◽  
Mca Occlusion ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Adhesive Removal

P76 We tested the hypothesis that delayed intra-arterial administration of TNK-tPA increases functional recovery in a model of focal cerebral embolic ischemia in the unanesthetized rat. Male unanesthetized Wistar rats (n=22) were subjected to middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion using a single fibrin rich clot. TNK-tPA (1.5 mg/kg) was administered intraarterially via an internal carotid catheter at 2 h (n=4), 4 h (n=6) or 6 h (n=6) after MCA occlusion. Non-treated ischemic rats (n=6) were used as a control group. A battery of tests (1. Rotarod test, 2. Adhesive-removal test and 3. Footfault test) was used to evaluate neurological function. Animal body weights were measured before and after MCA occlusion. All rats were sacrificed 28 days after ischemia. Infract volume and gross hemorrhage was measured. Intra-arterial treatment with TNK-tPA at 2h after ischemia significantly (p<0.01) reduced infarct volume (18.6“2.6 % of the contralateral hemisphere) and improved neurological functional recovery compared with the control rats (37.5 ”0.7%). Although infarct volumes were not significantly reduced for rats treated with intra-arterial TNK-tPA at 4h (31.2“3.1 %) and at 6h (32.9”3.1 %) after ischemia, significant (p<0.05) improvements on sensorimotor functions (adhesive removal test at 4, 14, 21, and 28 d ) and significant increases in animal body weight (7 d) were detected in rats treated with TNK-tPA at 4 h and 6h. Gross hemorrhage was 25% (2h), 33% (4h) and 33% (6h), which was not significantly different from gross hemorrhage in the control group (17 %). This study demonstrates that intra-carotid treatment with TNK-tPA even at 6h of the onset of stroke improves neurological functional recovery from brain damage without significantly increasing the incidence of intra-cerebral hemorrhage in the unanesthetized ischemic rat.

scholarly journals An effect of hyaluronan as abdominal post-operative anti-adhesive in dogs, macroscopic, laparoscopic and histopathological study

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Shatha M. Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

     The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of hyaluronan as abdominal anti-adhesive. Sixteen healthy adult local breed dogs, aged between (1-2 years) and weighed (15-20) kg were used. They were divided into two equal groups. First group is considered as a control group (A), the second group is the hyaluronic acid group (B); both groups underwent celiotomy under the effect of general anesthesia (combination of ketamine-xylazine at the dose rate of 15mg /kg and 5mg/kg B.W, respectively). Three sero-muscular incisions were 3cm long created at anti-mesenteric border in the descending colon and sutured with simple continuous suture using4-0chromic cat gut, abdominal wall closed in routine manner, in control group. The same procedure was performed in group B but 2 ml of 1%sodium hyaluronate was applied intra peritoneally prior to abdominal closure. Evaluation of the results was based on macroscopic, laparoscopic and microscopic examinations. Macroscopic examination showed severe adhesions in all animals in both 7th, 30thpost operative days with high grade scores (grade 3-4), except in one animal there was no adhesion in group A. While in group B, all dogs had developed mild adhesion formation at 7thpost operative day in low grade score (grade, 1). By 30thpost operative day there was no adhesion (grade, zero) except mild adhesion, in one case between omentum and abdominal wall (grade, 1). Histopathological examination showed dense fibrous connective tissue with congested blood vessels and irregular collagen fibersin group A. While in group B there were fine bundles of cellular connective tissue, granulation tissue with mononuclear cells infiltration. There were significant differences (P<0.05) between group B (1.00±0.00) and group A (3.50±0.28) at 7th, also at 30thpost operation a significant difference (P<0.05) was found between group B (*0.25±0.25) and group A (2.75±0.94) macroscopically. Histopathological examination also revealed a significant difference (P < 0.05) between group B(*1.00±0.81)and group A(2.75±0.50) at 7th and 30thpost operative days group B(*1.00±0.81) and group A(2.25±0.95).The study revealed, the effectiveness of hyaluronan in reducing intra-abdominal adhesions that occurred after abdominal surgery in dogs, in comparison with control group.

ZINC IN THE RATIONS OF CALVES

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Zinc Compounds ◽  
Entire Duration ◽  
Zinc Salts ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hair Cortex

According to the Tambovagrochemcenter data, zinc deficiency in animal rations exceeds 33%. To de-termine the efficiency of ration additives 3 groups of calves were formed, one of which was control and received regular feed, first test group received additional Zinc Sulphate, and second test group received additional Zinc Bioplex. To assess the results, we take into account the following values: chemical com-position and nutritional values of the feed, body mass value, amount of immunoglobulins in blood, bio-chemical and hematological values of blood, morphological values of fur and skin. Noticeable results were achieved in 4 months, with first and second test groups receiving accordingly 3,15% and 6,13% more body mass increase over the control group. A tendency towards higher albumin concentration in both test groups was noted, and calves of the second test group had higher amounts of hemoglobin and higher concentrations of it per erythrocyte. In samples of epidermis and hairs of the second test group the papillary layer was well developed, with the amount of hair and hair follicles exceeding 7 in the field of view, with the thickness of hairs being at least 70 μm. Inner papilla of hair contained 6 to 8 layers of hair, thickness of awn hairs reaching 80-90 μm, down hairs reaching 40 μm, with the hair cortex making up more than 80% of the hair thickness. Thus, introducing zinc salts and chelated zinc compounds to the milk-fed calves’ ration, has resulted in monetary profit increases over the control group by 255,0 and 612,0 roubles accordingly. By all researched values, the highest results were reached from adding zinc bioplex with approximately 360 mg added per animal for the entire duration of the growth process.

Maximum Temperature Through a Yttrium Stabilized Zirconia Ceramic After Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Irradiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel Stringer ◽  
Sarah Malley ◽  
Darrell M. Hutto ◽  
Jason A. Griggs ◽  
Susana M. Salazar Marocho
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Zirconia Ceramic ◽  
Tooth Pulp ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stabilized Zirconia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Power Setting ◽  
Group A

Background: The most common approach to remove yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) fixed-dental prostheses (FDPs) is by means of diamond burs attached to a high-speed handpiece. This process is time-consuming and destructive. The use of lasers over mechanical instrumentation for removal of FDPs can lead to efficient and predictable restoration retrievability. However, the heat produced might damage the tooth pulp (>42˚C). Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the maximum temperature (T) reached during the use of different settings of the erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet Er,Cr:YSGG laser through a YSZ ceramic. Methods: YSZ slices (1 mm thick) were assigned into 7 groups. For the control group, a diamond bur was used to cut a 1 mm groove into the YSZ slices. For the 6 experimental groups, the laser was operated at a constant combination of 33% water and 66% air during 30 s with two different power settings (W) at three frequencies (PPS), as follows (W/PPS): 2.5/20, 2.5/30, 2.5/45, 4.5/20, 4.5/30, 4.5/45. The T through the YSZ slice was recorded in degrees Celsius by using a digital thermometer with a K thermocouple. Results: The median T of the control group was 26.5˚C. The use of 4.5 W resulted in the median T (˚C) of 44.2 at 20 PPS, 53.3 at 30 PPS, and 58.9 at 45 PPS, while 2.5 W showed 34.6, 31.6, and 25.0 at 20, 30, and 45 PPS, respectively. KruskalWallis one-way ANOVA showed that within each power setting, the T was similar. The high power and lowest frequency (4.5/20) showed no significant difference from the 2.5 W settings and the control group. Conclusion: The lower power setting (2.5 W) is a potential method for the use of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser to debond YSZ structures. The higher power (4.5 W) with high frequencies (30 and 45 PPS) is unsuitable.

Clinical effect of Suvarna Bindu Prashan

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patil Aniket ◽  
Dindore Pallavi ◽  
Arbar Aziz ◽  
Kadam Avinash ◽  
Saroch Vikas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inform Consent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Immune Booster ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The quest for excellence in mental and physical health is not new. We find various references and formulations in Ayurvedic classics meant for promoting mental and physical health of a child. Suvarna Prashan is one of the formulations explained in age old Ayurvedic classic Kashyap Samhita. This formulation is very widely used now days as a memory and immune booster for children. But there is very little systematic documented study which can be used to evaluate the efficacy of the formulation. Suvarna Bhasma was prepared in Ayurved Rasayani Pharmacy, Pune. Madhu and Ghrita were collected from KLE Ayurveda Pharmacy, Belgaum. Suvarna Bindu Prashan was prepared in KLE Ayurved pharmacy, Belgaum. It contains Suvarna Bhasma, Ghrita and Madhu. Twenty apparently healthy male and female children with age group of three to four years were ready to sign inform consent form were selected into two groups each. Subjects in Group A received Suvarna Bindu Prashan where as Group B (Control group) did not receive any treatment. Both the groups were observed for six months. Children in Suvarna Bindu Prashan group showed significant reduction in the scores of eating habits, behavior, mood, temperament and scores of event of illness. However there was no significant difference in the score of sleeping habit. There was significant increase in IQ percentage.

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