Morphological features of histogenic differon cells in connective tissue of guinea pigs’ lungs after sensitization with ovalbumin

An urgent issue of modern morphology is establishing a number of patterns of morphological changes and reactivity of connective tissue components of lungs in case of experimental sensitization with allergens. The aim is to estimate morphological features of histogenic differon cells in connective tissue of guinea pigs’ lungs after sensitization with ovalbumin. Materials and methods. Using morphometric and histological method, we have estimated the lung connective tissue of 48 male guinea pigs with experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation, simulated by subcutaneous sensitization and aeroallergization with ovalbumin. The number of fibrocytes, fibroblasts per 5000 μm2 and their ratio – fibroblast/fibrocyte coefficient were determined. Results. We have established the regularity of morphological changes dynamics in the cellular elements of pulmonary connective tissue. Experimental sensitization and inhalated allergization with ovalbumin leads to a statistically significant increase in the average number of fibroblasts and fibrocytes throughout the observation period in all experimental groups. It has been proved that the dynamics of cells has a multidirectional character, demonstrated by indicators of the fibroblast/fibrocyte coefficient, which shows the disproportion in the fibroblast/fibrocyte ratio and proves the tendency to the development of fibrosis in guinea pigs’ pulmonary connective tissue in case of experimental sensitization with ovalbumin. Conclusions. A gradual increase in the number of fibrocytes, against the background of a decrease in the number of fibroblasts is observed from the 23rd day to the completion of experimental sensitization with ovalbumin in the lungs of guinea pigs, compared with control group. A decrease of fibroblast/fibrocyte coefficient from 1.37 ± 0.03 in the early period to 0.82 ± 0.03 in the late period of the allergic inflammation demonstrates multidirectional nature of the dynamics in the number of connective tissue cells and indicates a tendency towards the development of fibrosis in pulmonary connective tissue.

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Morphfological changes in the membranes of the trachea of guinea pigs in experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation of the airways.

Morphologia ◽

10.26641/1997-9665.2021.1.22-27 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 22-27

Author(s):

M.V. Aksamytieva ◽

S.S. Popko ◽

V.M. Evtushenko

Keyword(s):

Guinea Pigs ◽

Inflammatory Process ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Early Period ◽

Allergic Inflammation ◽

Control Group ◽

Late Period ◽

Tracheal Mucosa ◽

Intact Group ◽

Chicken Egg

Background. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of allergic diseases of the respiratory organs, especially in children. The predictor of the further development of bronchial asthma is sensitizing at an early age to the allergens of chicken egg. The use of new knowledge about the allergenic components of the chicken egg will predict the risks and clinical features of the disease. Despite the importance, the problem of morphogenesis of allergic inflammation of the wall of the trachea is not sufficiently studied, so far many issues are not found in morphology and require further research. Objective.The aim of the study is to establish morphological changes in the tracheal membranes in experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation of the airways of guinea pigs. Methods. The thickness of tracheal wall of 48 male guinea pigs was investigated by histological, morphometric, statistical methods on the twenty-third, thirty-sixth, thirty-sixth and forty-fourth days after the initiation of the experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation of the airways. Results. We have found, that maximum statistically significant thickening is shown in the late period of tracheal mucosa in 2 times on the 44th day of observation and tracheal submucosa in the 3rd experimental group on the 36th day of observation (increasing coefficient 2) compared to the control. However, the thinning of tracheal submucosa is observed in the early period of the inflammatory process on the 23rd and 30th day of observation. It has been proved, that the allergic inflammation of the tissues of the trachea caused by the sensitization and allergization of ovalbumin leads to the change in the thickness of layers of trachea in the chronobiological aspect. Conclusion. On the 23rd and 30th days of the experiment, thinning of tracheal mucosais observed due to damage of epithelial cells. Thickening of tracheal mucosa and submucosa was found in the third and fourth groups of observation (late period of allergic inflammation) compared with animals of the intact group and the control group due to an increase in the area of loose connective tissue, which is a consequence of the continuation of the allergic inflammatory process in the trachea after the end of the experiment.

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Morphological features of the corneal endothelium in patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma

Ophthalmology journal ◽

10.17816/ov11431-44 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 31-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Inessa S. Beletskaya ◽

Sergey Yu. Astakhov ◽

Natalya V. Tkachenko

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cell ◽

Cell Density ◽

Corneal Endothelium ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Endothelial Cell Density ◽

Control Group ◽

Eye Drops ◽

Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma

Purpose. To study the main morphological features of the corneal endothelium in patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEG). Methods. We included 193 subjects aged from 55 to 75 years. The main study group (PEG) included 96 patients (192 eyes), the primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) group included 36 patients (72 eyes) with POAG, the PEX group included 31 patients (62 eyes) with pseudoexfoliation syndrome without glaucoma. The control group consisted of 30 healthy subjects (60 eyes). Main corneal endothelium parameters were evaluated using a non-contact endothelial microscope EM-935 (Haag Streit, Switzerland). Data were analyzed by STATISTICA 9 software for Windows. Results. The patients with PEG had lower endothelial cell density (ECD) in comparison to the control group (p < 0.01), and PEX group (p < 0.05). The polymegatism level in patients with PEG and POAG was higher than in the control group (p < 0.001, and p < 0.01, correspondingly). In patients with moderate and advanced PEG, the ECD was significantly lower (p < 0.01), and the polymegatism level was significantly higher (p < 0.01) than the same parameters in patients with early PEG. The lowest ECD and the highest polymegatism percentage were observed in PEG patients with more pronounced PEX manifestations, p < 0.05. No effect of IOP-lowering eye drops on the corneal endothelium parameters was revealed, p < 0.05. Conclusions. Significant morphological changes of the corneal endothelium (decreased endothelial cell density, increased polymegatism percentage) were revealed in patients with PEG. It was established that the severity of these changes is associated with the PEG and PEX severity. No effect of IOP-lowering eye drops on the corneal endothelium parameters was detected.

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Features of the morphological structure of the placenta in pregnant women with preeclampsia

Biomedical update ◽

10.52739/bio-up.2.2021.10-15 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 10-15

Author(s):

Volodymyr I. Chermak ◽

Ihor I. Chermak ◽

Chukwuanyinonso O. Ikeotuonye ◽

Anatolii Ya. Senchuk

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

High Frequency ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Morphological Structure ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Placental Insufficiency ◽

Control Group ◽

Basic Group ◽

Adaptive Reactions

To study morphological features of the placenta in women in labor, pregnancy which complicated by preeclampsia we studied 26 placentae, of which 17 were from pregnant women with mild to moderate preeclampsia (basic group) and 9 from healthy women (control group). Histologically the study was conducted with methodically recommendations of T.D. Zadorozhnaya et al. for light microscopy. During the study of morphological features of the placenta in women in labor with preeclampsia were installed morphological changes in the placenta, which reflect a tendency to develop compensatory-adaptive reactions following their stress and exhaustion, which is a sign of placental insufficiency. Received data allow claiming a high frequency of development placental insufficiency in pregnant women with risk factors such as chronic salpingo-oophoritis, anemia, late preeclampsia, and inflammation diseases kidney.

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Morphological features and the functional state of connective tissue of the uterine rudiments in reproductive age patients with Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser syndrome

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MORPHOLOGY ◽

10.31088/cem2020.9.4.24-30 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 24-30

Author(s):

A.V. Asaturova ◽

◽

N.M. Faizullina ◽

M.V. Bobkova ◽

A.S. Arakelyan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Connective Tissue ◽

Collagen Type ◽

Tissue Remodeling ◽

Collagen Type I ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Control Group ◽

Type I ◽

Variable Degree ◽

Collagen Iii ◽

Connective Tissue Remodeling

Introduction. Female patients with Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser syndrome (MRKH) have high stigma scores; the condition severely affects the reproductive system. The study aimed at specification of morphological features and assessment of the maturity of connective tissues of the uterine rudiments in MRKH. Patients and methods. The study included 42 patients with vaginal and uterine aplasia having functioning uterine rudiments and 47 patients of the control group without genital malformations. Age of the patients was 20-24 years in 67.2% of the cases, and 31.2% of the patients were aged ≤ 19, inclusive. Immunohistochemi-cal assay was applied to determine expression levels of collagen I, collagen III, ММР2, ММР9, TIMP1, fibronectin and laminin proteins within the functioning uterine rudiments in comparison with levels of the same proteins in normally developed uterine tissues. Results. Decreased expression of collagen type I and elevated levels of MMP2 and MMP9 proteins in uterine tissues were observed for the group of patients with MRKH. Conclusions. 1) Uterine rudiments in patients with MRKH show variable degree of morphological similarity with the normally developed uterus; 2) The functioning uterine rudiments are subject to the same pathological processes as the normally developed uterus (myoma, endometriosis). 3) The functioning uterine rudiments in patients with MRKH show altered patterns of connective tissue remodeling, with decreased expression of collagen type I and increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases MMP2 and MMP9. Keywords: Müllerian aplasia, uterine rudiments, metalloproteinases, connective tissue remodeling, ММР2, ММР9

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Ultrasound Assessment of Changes in Nails in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/8251097 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Magdalena Krajewska-Włodarczyk ◽

Agnieszka Owczarczyk-Saczonek ◽

Waldemar Placek ◽

Maja Wojtkiewicz ◽

Andrzej Wiktorowicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psoriatic Arthritis ◽

Ultrasound Examination ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Nail Plate ◽

Control Group ◽

Dorsal Plate ◽

Nail Bed ◽

The Matrix ◽

Group A ◽

Ultrasound Assessment

Aim of the Study. The aim of the study was to conduct an ultrasound (US) assessment of changes in fingernails in psoriatic patients with nail involvement. Material. A total of 69 patients with psoriatic changes in nails participated in the study, including 38 patients with psoriasis (Ps) and 31 with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and 30 people in the control group. A total of 988 nails were examined. Results. The thickness of the nail plate, nail bed, and matrix as shown in an ultrasound examination increased with the mNAPSI index (r=0.328, p=0.021; r=0.219, p=0.036; and r=0.422, p=0.011, respectively). The thickness of nail plate, bed, and matrix in patients with onycholysis and hyperkeratosis-type changes (concomitant or present separately) was significantly greater than when only pitting-type changes occurred (p=0.007, p=0.035, and p=0.023, respectively). An examination of nails with only pitting-type changes showed an increase in the matrix thickness compared to the control group (p=0.018). The focal hyperechoic involvement of the dorsal plate (80%) was the change most often observed in an US examination in Ps patients, whereas loosening of the borders of the ventral plate was most often observed in PsA patients. The thickness of nail bed in PsA patients increased with the duration of arthritis (r=0.399, p=0.022) and was correlated with the number of swollen digits (r=0.278, p=0.041). Conclusions. The findings of this study may indicate an association of an inflammation in the nail bed with PsA development. Apart from a direct assessment of the described morphological changes of nails, a US examination could prove useful in an assessment of intensity of a local inflammation as a prognostic factor for PsA development.

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Elemental and morphological analysis of enamel following the application of two bleaching systems with amorphous calcium phosphate: effect on enamel erosion susceptibility

Bulletin of the National Research Centre ◽

10.1186/s42269-021-00527-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shaymaa M. Nagi ◽

Shahinaz H. Nabil ◽

Mohamed H. Zaazou

Keyword(s):

Calcium Phosphate ◽

Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Enamel Surface ◽

Control Group ◽

Bleaching Agent ◽

Bleaching Procedure ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Abstract Background Using remineralizing agents during and after bleaching procedures could maintain enamel surface, decreasing its erosive susceptibility. This study evaluated the efficacy of an in-office and at-home bleaching materials with amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) on the susceptibility of the enamel to erosion. Forty-five bovine specimens were separated into three groups. Group A: no bleaching (control). Group B: Zoom 2 bleaching followed by ACP application. Group C: Nite White ACP. All specimens in all groups were subjected to an erosive challenge for five days. Using Energy Dispersive X-ray all specimens were subjected to elemental analysis and were examined for morphological changes under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Results Group B showed the highest mean calcium, phosphorus and sodium weight percent (wt%). Both Groups B and C showed statistically significant difference. While, there was no statistically significant difference between both Groups A and B.The sodium mean wt% showed a statistically significant difference in all groups. The magnesium mean wt% showed no statistically significant difference in all groups. SEM photomicrograph revealed hollowing of prism cores with intact prisms peripheries for group A. Group B showed relativity smooth surface with minor pores, while Group C showed an increase in the depth of surface irregularities and depressions. Conclusions Enamel susceptibility to erosion after bleaching procedure was material dependent. Zoom 2 bleaching agent followed by ACP application did not increase the susceptibility of the enamel surface to erosion. Adding ACP to Nite White bleaching agent had no benefit on reducing enamel susceptibility to erosion.

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MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GUINEA PIGS BRONCHUS ASSOCIATED LYMPHOID TISSUE IN THE DYNAMICS OF EXPERIMENTAL OVALBUMIN-INDUCED ALLERGIC INFLAMMATION

Здобутки клінічної і експериментальної медицини ◽

10.11603/1811-2471.2021.v.i3.12507 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 47-51

Author(s):

S. S. Popko

Keyword(s):

Guinea Pigs ◽

Lymphoid Tissue ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Allergic Inflammation ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Modern Medicine ◽

Late Period ◽

Structural Reorganization ◽

Actual Problem ◽

Lymphoid Nodules

The actual problem of modern medicine is the reaction of Bronchus associated lymphoid tissue in airways chronic allergic diseases, because the full functioning of the respiratory system depends on the state of its local immune system. The aim – to study morphological changes in Bronchus associated lymphoid tissue of guinea pigs in the dynamics of experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation. Material and Methods. We have studied the lung of 48 guinea pigs, using histological and morphometric methods, under conditions of experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation. To assess the structural and functional rearrangement of pulmonary lymphoid nodules, their diameter and number were determined. Results. We have shown that sensitization and allergization with ovalbumin leads to a significant structural and functional rearrangement of Bronchus associated lymphoid tissue of guinea pigs in the form of the elevation in their number and diameter. We found more pronounced morphological changes in the late period of development of allergic inflammation in peribronchial lymphoid nodules, confirmed by the maximum magnification factor – 2.6 (p*/**<0.001) of the diameter of peribronchial lymphoid nodules in the 4th experimental group compared to the control. Conclusions. Sensitization and inhalation with ovalbumin leads to structural reorganization of Bronchus associated lymphoid tissue of guinea pigs in the form of the elevation in their number and diameter, had the unidirectional staged character depending on localization of lymphoid nodules and the duration of the experiment and claimed proliferative changes in the cellular adaptive link of local lung immunity of guinea pigs in late period of allergic inflammatory process.

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COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTIC OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES AND PHENOTYPIC MARKERS OF DISPLASIA OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE IN CHILDREN WITH VARIOUS UROLOGICAL AND ANDROLOGICAL PATHOLOGY

Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery ◽

10.18821/1560-9510-2018-22-3-120-123 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 120-123

Author(s):

Sergey M. Sharkov ◽

I. G. Vasileva ◽

A. I. Strelnikov ◽

V. V. Polozov

Keyword(s):

Connective Tissue ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Comparative Characteristic ◽

Elastic Fibers ◽

Control Group ◽

Phenotypic Markers ◽

Surgical Interventions ◽

Main Observation ◽

Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽

Tissue Structures

The increase in the number of urological and andrological diseases associated with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia dictates the need to study this problem in childhood. The present study was aimed at analyzing the phenotypic manifestations of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia, as well as the severity of the morphological changes in its structures in children with various urological and andrological pathology, that constituted the main observation group. As a control group, children with a similar pathology of the genitourinary system without signs of mesenchymal insufficiency were examined. Comparative analysis of the detection of the number of phenotypic markers as one of the indicators of connective tissue dysplasia in children with various nosological forms from the urological department made it possible to determine the prevalence rate of the number of phenotypes in patients with hypospadia, varicocele and congenital edema of the testicle, and in the highest percentage of cases - in patients with hypospadias. Craniocephalic anomalies and small anomalies of the oral cavity were diagnosed most frequently. In a smaller percentage of cases, stigmata of the auricles and the osteoarticular system were identified. Phenotypic manifestations of dysplasia in the form of eye anomalies, pathology of the skin and its appendages - were noted even less often. The morphological confirmation of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia in the examined patients was the detection of dystrophy of collagen and elastic fibers, detected by means of microscopy. At the same time, a characteristic sign of dysplasia was the chaotic arrangement of collagen fibers, their thickening and discontinuity. Staining for elastin allowed detecting the uneven arrangement, curvature or fragmentation of elastic fibers. In the work, there was made a study of the features of morphological changes in connective tissue structures, depending on the nosological form. With this aim, we divided various histological signs of mesenchymal insufficiency, revealed during microscopy, in three degrees of the severity. Histological studies of connective tissue structures confirmed the predominance of more pronounced morphological manifestations of dysplasia in patients with hypospadias. They had severe dystrophic changes in 70% of cases, while such abnormalities in children operated for varicocele, were noted in every fourth biopsy, and in hydrops patients - only in 15% of cases. The study of collagen and elastic fibers of dermal preparations resected during surgical interventions in children with phimosis against the background of dysplasia syndrome showed no significant pathological changes. In biopsies of this group of patients, there were only minimal manifestations of mesenchymal insufficiency. In children with urological and andrological pathology without signs of undifferentiated dysplasia, morphological disturbances in structural components of connective tissue corresponding to mild severity were noted. Thus, the performed analysis of manifestations of connective tissue dysplasia in children with various urological and andrological pathology showed the prevalence of the number of phenotypic markers and the severity of morphological changes in children with hypospadias. Less severe manifestations of dysplasia were noted in patients with varicocele and hydrocele. The study of signs of connective tissue insufficiency in the group of patients with phimosis showed their minimal manifestations.

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INFLUENCE OF TRIMETAZIDINE METABOLIC THERAPY ON CONNECTIVE TISSUE METABOLISM IN EXPERIMENTAL DIFFUSE ISCHEMIC NECROTIC CARDIOSCLEROSIS IN RATS WITH DIFFERENT RATES OF HYPOXIA RESISTANCE

International Journal of Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.11603/ijmmr.2413-6077.2016.1.6383 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

H. S. Saturska ◽

Yu. I. Bondarenko ◽

U. V. Saturska

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Connective Tissue ◽

Histological Examination ◽

Control Group ◽

Resistance To Hypoxia ◽

Metabolic Therapy ◽

White Rats ◽

Medium Resistance ◽

Group A ◽

Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride

Background. The change in metabolism of the connective tissue elements of heart is the central chain in pathogenesis of diffuse ischemic necrotic cardiosclerosis (DINC), which occurs after repeated epinephrine injury of myocardial tissues. Objective. This study proves that trimetazidine (TM) metabolic therapy has a protective effect on the development of DINC in rats with different rates of hypoxia resistance. Methods. Male white rats were divided into three groups due to the different rates of hypoxia resistance by means of the method of hypobaric hypoxia: rats with low, middle and high rates of hypoxia resistance. Each group was divided into equal subgroups: a control group, a DINC group (injections of epinephrine hydrotartrate (0,5 mg/kg of body weight) and calcium gluconate (5 mg/kg of body weight) two times), a control group administrated with trimetazidine dihydrochloride (10 mg/kg of body weight), a DINC group treated with TM every day (10 mg/kg of body weight) for all period of observation. Concentration of protein-bound oxyproline in blood serum was evaluated on the 7th, 14th and 30th days after the pathology simulation. Histological examination of Masson trichrome staining of myocardium was performed on the 30th days after the pathology simulation. Results. DINC increased the concentration of protein-bound oxyproline in blood serum on the 7th, 14th and 30th days after the pathology simulation, and followed by metabolic imbalances in diffuse connective tissue elements, which are rich in collagens. DINC+TM increased the concentration of protein-bound oxyproline in blood serum less intensively. Conclusions. The intensity of metabolic imbalances in diffuse connective tissue elements is the highest in the low resistant animals to hypoxia. Those results are confirmed by histological examination of the myocardium of rats with different resistance to hypoxia. Fibrotic regions in myocardium are rich in collagens. It has been revealed that the most pronounced therapeutic effect of TM is observed in animals with low resistance to hypoxia, slight – in animals with medium resistance to hypoxia, and the lowest – in animals with high resistance to hypoxia. KEY WORDS: hypoxia, heart, diffuse cardiosclerosis, trimetazidine, oxyproline.

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The Use of a Hypoallergenic Dermal Matrix for Wrapping in Peripheral Nerve Lesions Regeneration: Functional and Quantitative Morphological Analysis in an Experimental Animal Model

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/4750624 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michele Rosario Colonna ◽

Antonina Fazio ◽

Alfio Luca Costa ◽

Franco Galletti ◽

Roberto Lo Giudice ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Connective Tissue ◽

Functional Recovery ◽

Oral Surgery ◽

Fiber Diameter ◽

Control Group ◽

Dermal Matrix ◽

Injured Nerve ◽

Group A ◽

G Ratio

Introduction. The aim of this research was to test, in an animal model, the nerve regeneration technique with a hypoallergenic acellular dermal matrix used to wrap the microsurgical neural suture. Materials and Methods. Two groups of rats received the cut of limb right median nerves. The regeneration technique considers for both groups an end-to-end nerve suture. In the experimental group (A) was used also a wrapping protocol by a conduit of collagen matrix currently used in oral surgery. The animals underwent functional grasping tests (at 1, 3, 5, and 7 months) and a histological and quantitative analysis of distal nerve was performed at the end of experimental time. Result. After seven months, the grasping test reveals functional recovery in each tested animal; this improvement is more evident in Group A. The fibers appear well organized with restored myelin sheaths in both groups. Group A showed a great quantity of connective tissue surrounding the nerve. The quantitative morphology analysis in both groups shows a similar fibers density, fiber diameter, and myelin thickness. The differences between the groups in axon mean diameter are significant. In Group A M/d, D/d, and g-ratio is significantly higher compared to control group. Conclusions. Histological and functional assessments show a functional recovery of the injured nerve in the test groups, stressed by the results of the grasping tests and the meaningful increasing in fiber diameter and higher g-ratio. Moreover, a connective tissue cuff distinguishes the distal portion of the injured nerve. Considering the easy availability and handling of the material used in this study we can conclude that this experimental technique can be considered as a valid alternative to protect nerves in nerve wrap surgery.

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