scholarly journals Bacteriuria in Pregnancy in a Danish Contemporary Cohort of Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Vinnie H. Greve ◽  
Thomas Greve ◽  
Rikke B. Helmig
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
Fetal Medicine ◽  
Uropathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Mixed Ethnicity ◽  
In Pregnancy

Introduction. The purpose of this study is to describe bacteriuria with regard to the uropathogens found in relation to the frequency of urine culture tests in a contemporary cohort of pregnant Danish women. Methods. A historical cohort study of 24,817 pregnant women registered in the Danish Fetal Medicine Database at Aarhus University Hospital, from 2010 to 2014. Social security numbers were linked to the microbiological database with the registration of 17,233 urine cultures in 8,807 women. Bacteriuria was defined as 1×105 CFU/ml, with a maximum of two urinary pathogens. Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) was included with 1×104 CFU/ml. Data are presented as numbers and proportions in percent. Logistic regression on predictors are presented as crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORc/ORa) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results. 42% had a urine sample culture test at the hospital—the majority only once during pregnancy. 96% of all urine culture tests were negative. The bacteriuria incidence was 5.6%. The most frequent uropathogenic bacteria isolated were Escherichia coli (49%), GBS (29%), and Enterococci (10%). We identified subgroups of women with increased likelihood of bacteriuria during pregnancy: age<25 years, ORa 1.60 (CI 1.26 to 2.02, p<0.001); age>34 years, ORa 1.28 (CI 1.01 to 1.61, p=0.040); Afro-Caribbean origin, ORa 1.872 (CI 1.13 to 3.07, p=0.014); Asian origin, ORa 2.07 (CI 1.29 to 3.32, p=0.002); and mixed ethnicity ORa 2.34 (CI 1.23 to 4.46, p=0.010). Women delivering preterm were more likely to have an episode of bacteriuria during pregnancy OR 2.05 (CI 1.36 to 3.09, p=0.001). Conclusions. 96% of urine culture tests in pregnant women are negative. Optimized urine sampling may change this. Escherichia coli and GBS are predominant uropathogens. Younger and elder women, certain ethnical groups, and women delivering preterm seem more likely to have bacteriuria during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Vaginal Colonization by Escherichia coli in Pregnant Women at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Taghreed J. Jamal ◽  
Hassan El-Banna A. Younus ◽  
Hassan S. Abduljabbar ◽  
Asif A. Jiman-Fatani ◽  
Amal F. Makled
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Vaginal Colonization ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Automated Technology ◽  
King Abdulaziz University ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Maternal and neonatal infections by Escherichia coli remain a challenging problem for obstetricians and pediatricians. This study aims to determine the prevalence of vaginal colonization by Escherichia coli among pregnant women attending the Antenatal Clinics at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah- Saudi Arabia, and to investigate the susceptibility of isolated Escherichia coli to the most commonly used antimicrobials. In this study, 100 pregnant women in the last trimester and 25 non-pregnant women were screened for vaginal colonization of Escherichia coli. The suspected colonies were identified by conventional methods and were confirmed by automated technology "Vitek 2 System". Also, antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done by the same methods". Escherichia coli isolates were serotyped to detect the presence of K1 antigen. Out of 100 pregnant women in the last trimester; twenty-one (21%) were Escherichia coli positive. Also, out of 25 non-pregnant women; four (16%) were Escherichia coli-positive. All of the isolated Escherichia coli were susceptible to most antimicrobial agents. The percentage of vaginal Escherichia coli resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin and piperacillin ranged from 38.1% to 42.9%. The virulence factor K1 antigen was demonstrated in 42.9% of Escherichia coli -positive pregnant women.

scholarly journals A study of prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women from rural areas attending to Obstetric Department in Akash Hospital, Karnataka, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2845
Author(s):  
Rohini N. S. ◽  
Ravishankar S. N. ◽  
Kala K. ◽  
Rakshith N. R.
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in pregnancy is a significant risk factor for developing upper urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis which is associated with significant maternal and fetal risks. The aim of this study was to know the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy, to identify the organisms and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns and to formulate a single or combined rapid screening method as an acceptable alternative to urine culture.Methods: A total of 375 pregnant women aged between 18 to 45 years were included in this study. Clean catch mid-stream urine samples were collected. Screening tests done were gram staining of uncentrifuged urine, pus cell count, nitrite test and leukocyte esterase test. Identification of pathogens and antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed as per standard urine culture and sensitivity methods.Results: Out of the 375 pregnant women, 31 (8.4%) had significant bacteriuria. High percentage of women with ASB were primigravidas (51.38%) and in 2nd trimester (43.86%). The most common organism isolated was E.coli (56.14%). In screening tests, gram staining of uncentrifuged urine had a sensitivity of 85.71%. Sensitivity of 71.42% was found in Nitrite and leucocyte esterase tests. However, the combination of these two tests, with either test positive, showed sensitivity and negative predictive value of 90.47% and 99.09% respectively.Conclusions: Early detection and treatment of ASB in pregnancy can prevent complications. ASB can be identified by simple and combined rapid screening methods and urine culture along with antibiogram. Therefore, screening and treatment of ASB may be incorporated as routine antenatal care for safe motherhood and healthy newborn.

scholarly journals Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among low risk pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic in tertiary hospital: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2742
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Abbas ◽  
Moustafa Kamel ◽  
Mohammed Z. Abdelrahman ◽  
Ahmed A. Youssef ◽  
Mohammed A. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Clinic

Background: The current study aims to identify the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among low-risk pregnant women attending the antenatal care clinic of tertiary University Hospital and to detect the most common causative organisms.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary University Hospital in the period between 1st November 2017 and 31st June 2018. All eligible women attending the outpatient clinic for antenatal care were approached to participate in the study. The recruited women were assessed through detailed history and clinical examination. Urine samples were taken for culture and sensitivity within two hours, in order to avoid bacterial multiplication. Urine culture and antibiotic sensitivity test were done.Results: The study included 250 women. The mean age of included women was 25.89±5.49 (18-42 years). The urine analysis results showed that 32% of cases had pus cells >5 per high power field and 10.4% of cases have protein (+). Casts were present in 0.8% of cases. RBCs >5 per high power field were present in 4.8% of cases. ASB is defined as urine culture with more than 100,000 colony forming unit; this was present in 30 cases. This indicates that the prevalence of ASB among studied cases was 12%. Enterococcus was the most prevalent organism as it was present in 36.7% among positive cases. Antibiotic sensitivity test was performed to the growing organisms indicated that teicoplanin, imipenem, cefoxitin, cefotaxime + clavulanic acid, Entrapenem, and trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole are the most effective antibiotics against the most common organisms causing asymptomatic bacteriuria.Conclusions: The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among low-risk pregnant women is about 12%. Urine culture for asymptomatic bacteriuria should be the standard of care for evaluation of pregnant patient during antenatal care as regard presence or absence of UTI.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Pregnant Women

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (192) ◽  
Author(s):  
Achala Thakur ◽  
Ratna Baral ◽  
Pritha Basnet ◽  
Rubina Rai ◽  
Ajay Agrawal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Acinetobacter Species ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Culture Sensitivity ◽  
Pregnancy Urine ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
In Pregnancy

Introduction: Asymptomatic bacteriuria is the significant presence of bacteria in urine of an individual without symptoms. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of asymptomaticbacteriuria in pregnant women. Methods: This study was a prospective study conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. The duration of the study was six monthsfrom January to June 2012. A total of 600 pregnant women were enrolled. All women were clinically identified to have no signs and symptoms of UTI. Clean catch midstream urine sample was collectedfrom each patient into a sterile vial. The urine samples were examined for microscopic and culture sensitivity test. Results: Out of 600 pregnant women, 52 were positive for significant bacteriuria with a prevalence rate of 8.7%. There was a significant difference in prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria withrespect to trimester (p=0.005). Age did not show any significant difference in the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (p=0.807). There was not any significant difference in the prevalence ofasymptomatic bacteriuria with respect to parity (p=0.864) and booking status (p=0.397). Escherichia coli (35%), Acinetobacter species (15%), Enterococcus species (12%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10%)were the common isolates. Most of the isolates were sensitive either to Nitrofurantoin, Norfloxacin or Amikacin. Conclusions: Asymptomatic bacteriuria is common in pregnancy. Urine culture sensitivity should be carried out routinely on all pregnant patients in order to prevent the dangerous complicationsassociated with it. Keywords: asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy; urine culture and sensitivity.

scholarly journals Malaria in pregnancy complications in Southern Venezuela

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariestéfany Romero ◽  
Elízabeth Leiba ◽  
Fhabián S. Carrión-Nessi ◽  
Diana C. Freitas-De Nobrega ◽  
Serris Kaid-Bay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Malaria In Pregnancy ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Mosquito Net ◽  
Malaria Burden ◽  
Fetal Complications ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to malaria infections, increasing the risk of maternal–fetal complications, mainly in high-endemicity areas. However, few studies of malaria in pregnancy (MiP) have been carried out in Latin America, a region with low endemicity and transmission of both, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Despite the high malaria burden in Venezuela in the last years, no recent studies of MiP have been conducted. Hence, epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pregnant women with malaria in southern Venezuela are described herein. Methods A retrospective study in pregnant women attending at the “Ruíz y Páez” University Hospital Complex, Bolivar state, Venezuela, was carried out between February and October, 2019. Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory information was analysed. Results Thirty-seven out of 52 pregnant women analysed were infected with P. vivax. Age ranged between 15 and 39 years, and adolescent pregnancies were common. Malaria infection was diagnosed mainly during the third trimester of pregnancy (63.4%). The distribution of symptoms and signs as well as clinical laboratory values was similar among Plasmodium spp. Although uncomplicated malaria was most frequent, 30% (13/52) had severe anaemia. A high proportion of studied women (44%) presented at least one complication during the pregnancy or delivery. Spontaneous abortion was recorded in four women, and three fetal deaths were observed. Six women had preterm delivery without any further complication. Conclusions A high prevalence of maternal–fetal complications was found in the studied population, highlighting the requirement for a careful medical follow up during the prenatal check-ups, which should include routinary malaria tests. Preventive measures as distribution of insecticide-treated mosquito net for pregnant women at risk should also be implemented. Those measures can help to reduce the negative impact of malaria on the newborn and mother.

scholarly journals Prevalência e perfil de sensibilidade de bactérias isoladas da urina de gestantes atendidas no serviço de obstetrícia de um hospital terciário

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 24071
Author(s):  
Fernanda Aguirre Carvalho ◽  
Mônica De Abreu Rodrigues ◽  
Angelita Bottega ◽  
Rosmari Hörner
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Positive Urine ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
The University ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Sensitivity Profile

Aims: To evaluate the prevalence of bacteria in urine cultures of pregnant women seen at the outpatient clinic of the Department of Obstetrics at the University Hospital of Santa Maria, Brazil, and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity profile of these bacteria.Methods: The reports issued by the Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University Hospital of Santa Maria were retrospectively analyzed. All positive urine cultures of pregnant women seen at the Department of Obstetrics from January to December 2014 were included in the study. The tests for the identification of bacterial isolates and their sensitivity profiles were assessed by an automated system.Results: A total of 423 positive urine cultures were detected in the pregnant women. Gram-negative Escherichia coli was the most prevalent microorganism (46.50%). Gram-positive Staphylococcus saprophyticus was the second most prevalent bacterium (6.2%). Candida spp. was isolated from 94 (21.8%) urine samples. Nitrofurantoin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid showed the lowest antimicrobial resistance against E. coli (91.33% and 90.77%, respectively). Ampicillin had the highest sensitivity among prevalent Gram-positive bacteria.Conclusions: The sensitivity profile found in this study allows us to suggest nitrofurantoin and/or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid for the treatment of urinary tract infection caused by Gram-negative bacteria during pregnancy. Given the prevalence rates detected in this study, these antimicrobials can be initiated empirically before the urine culture results are known, in the cases of symptomatic urinary tract infection. This study underscores the importance of urine culture in the prenatal period and in the third trimester because of the different microorganisms identified and the different sensitivity to the antimicrobials tested.

scholarly journals Predominance of fetal malformations among pregnant women: A multi-centric observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 055-059
Author(s):  
Sayed Sayed Mohamed ◽  
Khalifa Ahmed Khedr ◽  
Abd Allah Shehata Nesreen Abd El Fattah ◽  
AM Eweis Mohamed ◽  
M Shawky Sherwet
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Past History ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Fetal Anomalies ◽  
Fetal Medicine ◽  
Fetal Malformations ◽  
History Of

Objective: To observe the predominance of fetal anomalies in pregnant women in a multi-centric setting. Methods: This prospective observational study included 20225 pregnant women who came for antenatal care in University Hospital and fetal medicine units from 2016 to 2019. Fetal anatomical scanning was done for all participants. Results: One hundred eighty-three cases had fetal congenital anomalies, yielding a prevalence of around 0.9%. Third of cases had positive consanguinity, this increased in cases of skeletal and thoracic anomalies. The presence of past history of anomalies was evident in 8.2% mostly with skeletal and heart anomalies. History of drug intake was only verified in 1.6% of cases. Sixty-three women out of 183 (34.4%) were diagnosed to have anomalies in fetal nervous system. Conclusion: Prenatal diagnosis are recommended for early detection of congenital anomalies and counselling.

scholarly journals A Case Series of Third-Trimester Raltegravir Initiation: Impact on Maternal HIV-1 Viral Load and Obstetrical Outcomes

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Boucoiran ◽  
K Tulloch ◽  
N Pick ◽  
F Kakkar ◽  
J van Schalkwyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Perinatal Transmission ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Perinatal Hiv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
In Pregnancy

OBJECTIVE: To describe the impact of initiating raltegravir (RAL)-containing combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) regimens on HIV viral load (VL) in pregnant women who have high or suboptimal VL suppression late in pregnancy.METHODS: HIV-infected pregnant women who started RAL-containing cART after 28 weeks’ gestation from 2007 to 2013 were identified in two university hospital centres.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Eleven HIV-infected women started RAL at a median gestational age of 35.7 weeks (range 31.1 to 38.0 weeks). Indications for RAL initiation were late presentation in pregnancy (n=4) and suboptimal VL suppression secondary to poor adherence or viral resistance (n=7). Mean VL at the time of RAL initiation was 73,959 copies/mL (range <40 to 523,975 copies/mL). Patients received RAL for a median of 20 days (range one to 71 days). The mean decline in VL from the time of RAL initiation to delivery was 1.93 log, excluding one patient who received only one RAL dose and one patient with undetectable VL at the time of RAL initiation. After eight days on RAL, 50% of the women achieved a VL <1000 copies/mL (the threshold for recommended Caesarean section to reduce the risk for perinatal transmission). There were no cases of perinatal HIV transmission.CONCLUSION: The present study provides preliminary data to support the use of RAL-containing cART to expedite HIV-1 VL reduction in women who have a high VL or suboptimal VL suppression late in pregnancy, and to decrease the risk of HIV perinatal transmission while avoiding Caesarean section. Further assessment of RAL safety during pregnancy is warranted.

scholarly journals Epidemiological, bacteriological profile and bacterial resistance of urinary tract infections at pregnant woman in prenatal consultation in African setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 461
Author(s):  
Koffi Abdoul Koffi ◽  
Edèle Kacou Aka ◽  
Horo Apollinaire ◽  
Alice Mlan Britoh ◽  
Jean Marie Perel Konan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infection is a common pathology during pregnancy due to hormonal and morphological changes. Objective of this study was to improve management of urinary tract infection during prenatal care.Methods: A total of 987 pregnant women who have been in prenatal care have freely accepted to participate in cross-sectional study carried out from 1st May 2016 to 30th April 2017 at Yopougon University Hospital (Abidjan Côte d’Ivoire) were included. Patients were submitted to questionnaire by one of investigators for epidemiological component and then physical examination was carried out by her attending physician for clinical component. Then at laboratory urine was taken for culture after dipstick test.Results: Of the 987 patients included 9.4% had a urinary tract infection of which 81.7% were asymptomatic. Significant risk factors retained were existence of a history of urinary tract infection (OR=0.46; p=0,038) and gestational age of pregnancy (OR=0.44; p=0.05). Urine culture isolated germs were mainly Escherichia Coli (51.6%) and Klebsiella pneumoniaie (23.6%). These germs were all susceptible to cephalosporins. They had resistances of more than 50% to penicillins.Conclusions: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are most common germs of urinary tract infections in pregnant women. Escherichia coli is not susceptible to penicillins with a resistance of 70% for penicillins except for clavulanic acid amoxicillin. It appears as first choice antibiotic for our prescriptions in case of probabilistic antibiotic therapy.

scholarly journals Maternity Log study: a longitudinal lifelog monitoring and multiomics analysis for the early prediction of complicated pregnancy

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e025939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichi Sugawara ◽  
Daisuke Ochi ◽  
Riu Yamashita ◽  
Takafumi Yamauchi ◽  
Daisuke Saigusa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Home Healthcare ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Early Prediction ◽  
In Pregnancy

PurposeA prospective cohort study for pregnant women, the Maternity Log study, was designed to construct a time-course high-resolution reference catalogue of bioinformatic data in pregnancy and explore the associations between genomic and environmental factors and the onset of pregnancy complications, such as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus and preterm labour, using continuous lifestyle monitoring combined with multiomics data on the genome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome and microbiome.ParticipantsPregnant women were recruited at the timing of first routine antenatal visits at Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan, between September 2015 and November 2016. Of the eligible women who were invited, 65.4% agreed to participate, and a total of 302 women were enrolled. The inclusion criteria were age ≥20 years and the ability to access the internet using a smartphone in the Japanese language.Findings to dateStudy participants uploaded daily general health information including quality of sleep, condition of bowel movements and the presence of nausea, pain and uterine contractions. Participants also collected physiological data, such as body weight, blood pressure, heart rate and body temperature, using multiple home healthcare devices. The mean upload rate for each lifelog item was ranging from 67.4% (fetal movement) to 85.3% (physical activity), and the total number of data points was over 6 million. Biospecimens, including maternal plasma, serum, urine, saliva, dental plaque and cord blood, were collected for multiomics analysis.Future plansLifelog and multiomics data will be used to construct a time-course high-resolution reference catalogue of pregnancy. The reference catalogue will allow us to discover relationships among multidimensional phenotypes and novel risk markers in pregnancy for the future personalised early prediction of pregnancy complications.

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