Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Effects of Antimalarial Herbal Mixtures

Many developing countries depend on herbal mixtures as the first line and cost-effective therapy for malaria. These mixtures with such curative tendencies may also be a source of toxicity to host cells. On the other hand, these mixtures may have anticancer potential activity characterized by cytotoxicity to cancer cells. The aim of the study was to determine the cytotoxic and antioxidant effects of five different antimalarial herbal mixtures. Five antimalarial herbal mixtures commonly used in Ghana (coded as STF, SMH, SMM, SGM, and STT) were purchased and freeze-dried. The dried samples were tested on human acute T-cell leukemia (Jurkat) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the tetrazolium-based colorimetric (MTT) assay while antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH free-radical scavenging assay. Among the mixtures, SMM and SGM exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity towards Jurkat cells (IC50 values 59.17 μg/ml and 49.57 μg/ml, respectively), whereas STT showed the weakest cytotoxicity (IC50 = 244.94 μg/ml). Cytotoxic effect of SMM was also strongest towards MCF-7 cells whilst the least cytotoxic sample was SGM (IC50 > 1000 μg/ml). SMM had the highest antioxidant percentage (EC50 = 1.05 mg/ml). The increasing order of antioxidant percentage among the five herbal mixtures is SMM > SMH > STT > STF > SGM. The herbal mixtures may be potential sources of toxic agents to host cells. Therefore, further toxicity studies must be performed to safeguard health of the public. Interestingly, cytotoxicities exhibited by SMM and SGM suggest the presence of anticancer constituents in them which warrant further studies.

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Effects of Cooking and Processing Methods on Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant and Anti-Proliferative Activities of Broccoli Florets

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10050641 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 641

Author(s):

Hee Young Kim ◽

Meran Keshawa Ediriweera ◽

Kyung-Hwan Boo ◽

Chang Sook Kim ◽

Somi Kim Cho

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

High Performance ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Steam Treatment ◽

Drying Methods ◽

Processing Methods ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Hot Air ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

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We investigated the effects of cooking (steaming and microwaving) and processing (freeze-drying and hot-air-drying) methods on the antioxidant activity of broccoli florets. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•), 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS•), and alkyl• free radical scavenging assays were employed to assess anti-oxidant potentials. The cytoprotective effect against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 was studied using hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. Anti-proliferative effects were assessed in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. L-sulforaphane in broccoli extracts was quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Steam and microwave treatments caused increases in total polyphenol content (TPC), whereas the total flavonoid content (TFC) decreased following steam treatment. A slight increase in TFC was observed in the microwaved samples. Extracts of all broccoli samples showed almost identical radical scavenging and cytoprotective effects. HPLC demonstrated that steamed (3 min)-freeze-dried (F-S3) and microwaved (2 min)-freeze-dried (F-M2) samples exhibited elevated levels of L-sulforaphane. In addition, the F-S3 and F-M2 extracts displayed strong anti-proliferative effects in MCF-7 cells, which correlated with L-sulforaphane content. As we observed no significant decrease in the antioxidant activity of broccoli florets, the cooking and processing methods and conditions studied here are recommended for broccoli.

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The Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of 1,2,3-Triazolyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Derivatives

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20194735 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (19) ◽

pp. 4735 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anja Harej ◽

Andrijana Meščić Macan ◽

Višnja Stepanić ◽

Marko Klobučar ◽

Krešimir Pavelić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Hydrogen Atom Transfer ◽

Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Activity Data ◽

Oh Groups ◽

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The novel 4-substituted 1,2,3-triazole L-ascorbic acid (L-ASA) conjugates with hydroxyethylene spacer as well as their conformationally restricted 4,5-unsaturated analogues were synthesized as potential antioxidant and antiproliferative agents. An evaluation of the antioxidant activity of novel compounds showed that the majority of the 4,5-unsaturated L-ASA derivatives showed a better antioxidant activity compared to their saturated counterparts. m-Hydroxyphenyl (7j), p-pentylphenyl (7k) and 2-hydroxyethyl (7q) substituted 4,5-unsaturated 1,2,3-triazole L-ASA derivatives exhibited very efficient and rapid (within 5 min) 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical scavenging activity (7j, 7k: IC50 = 0.06 mM; 7q: IC50 = 0.07 mM). In vitro scavenging activity data were supported by in silico quantum-chemical modelling. Thermodynamic parameters for hydrogen-atom transfer and electron-transfer radical scavenging pathways of anions deprotonated at C2-OH or C3-OH groups of L-ASA fragments were calculated. The structure activity analysis (SAR) through principal component analysis indicated radical scavenging activity by the participation of OH group with favorable reaction parameters: the C3-OH group of saturated C4-C5(OH) derivatives and the C2-OH group of their unsaturated C4=C5 analogues. The antiproliferative evaluation showed that p-bromophenyl (4e: IC50 = 6.72 μM) and p-pentylphenyl-substituted 1,2,3-triazole L-ASA conjugate (4k: IC50 = 26.91 μM) had a selective cytotoxic effect on breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells. Moreover, compound 4e did not inhibit the growth of foreskin fibroblasts (IC50 > 100 μM). In MCF-7 cells treated with 4e, a significant increase of hydroxylated hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) expression and decreased expression of nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) were observed, suggesting the involvement of 4e in the HIF-1α signaling pathway for its strong growth-inhibition effect on MCF-7 cells.

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Antioxidant and Anticancer Roles of a Novel Strain ofBacillus anthracisIsolated from Vermicompost Prepared from Paper Mill Sludge

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/1073687 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ram Kumar Ganguly ◽

Sujoy Midya ◽

Susanta Kumar Chakraborty

Keyword(s):

Radical Scavenging ◽

Paper Mill ◽

Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Scavenging Effect ◽

Crude Extracts ◽

Metabolic Products ◽

Programed Cell Death ◽

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Mass production of vermicompost using suitable species of earthworms and selecting target organic waste materials has appeared to be a great development in the realm of biotechnological research for the sustainable eco-management. Although, for the bioconversion of organic wastes to vermicompost, suitable earthworm species play major roles, a hoard of bacterial assemblages by virtue of production of different enzymes facilitate the process of vermicomposting. The present study has documented the roles of vermicompost associated bacteria in combating, preventing, and controlling of cancer so as to open a new vista not only in the field of vermitechnology but also on biomedical research. Earthworms’ associated bacterial metabolic products having their unique physicochemical excellence have gained importance due to their roles as a facilitator of apoptosis (programed cell death in a MCF-7 cell line). The antioxidant and anticancer activities of ethyl acetate extracts’ of vermicompost associated bacteriumBacillus anthraciswere undertaken by antioxidant assay which revealed maximum DPPH radical scavenging effect (75.79 ± 5.41%) of the extracts’ at 9 00 μg ml-1. Furthermore, the crude extracts obtained from the same bacteria were found to decrease the activity of SOD (superoxide dismutase) with the increase in doses. MTT assay showed potent cytotoxic activity against human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7) with the IC50 value of 46.64 ± 0.79 μg ml-1. It was further confirmed through Hoechst 33258 staining of nuclear fragmentation assay and DNA fragmentation analysis. Western blotting test has confirmed a downregulation of Akt upon application of crude extracts. Increase of SOD activity along with decrease of Akt level reflects that the mode of action is entirely PI-3K dependent. This study tends to indicate thatB.anthracisisolated from vermicompost could be potentially explored for the development of new therapeutic agents, especially against cancer.

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Platinum and vanadate Bioactive Complexes of Glycoside Naringin and Phenolates

Open Chemistry ◽

10.1515/chem-2017-0022 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 189-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ahmed E. Fazary ◽

Yi-Hsu Ju ◽

Ayed S. Al-Shihri ◽

Mutasem Z. Bani-Fwaz ◽

Mohammad Y. Alfaifi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Acids ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Platinum Metal ◽

Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽

Vanadium Complexes ◽

Cytotoxic Activities ◽

Binary And Ternary Complexes ◽

Line Drawings ◽

Free Radical Scavenging Assay

AbstractPlatinum(II) and vanadium(V) solid binary and ternary complexes involving naringin, a flavanone glycoside in found in grapefruit, and some phenolic acids were synthesized and fully characterized using detailed structural and spectroscopic analysis techniques such as IR, NMR, and SEM techniques. The magnetic susceptibility results as well line drawings of the platinum and vanadium complexes showed four-coordinate square-planar and remarkable low-spin diamagnetic species; which is in agreement with the structures proposed. The cytotoxic activities of the binary and ternary vanadium and platinum metal complexes of phenolic acids and naringin were tested and evaluated against HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma), MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma), and HCT116 (human colorectal carcinoma) tumor cell lines. Also, their antioxidant activities were examined by free radical scavenging assay. The relationship between the chemical structure of the synthesized complexes and their biological influence was studied and evaluated.

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Novel 2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives: synthesis and evaluation of its antibacterial and antioxidant activities

Mediterranean Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.13171/mjc63/01704032355-elghoul ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 77-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Latifa El Ouasif ◽

Abdelhakim Bouyahya ◽

Rachid Zniber ◽

Mostafa El Ghoul ◽

Redouane Achour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Biological Evaluation ◽

Hydrocarbon Chains ◽

Free Radical Scavenging Assay ◽

First Time ◽

Diffusion Assay ◽

Antioxidant Effects

In the present study, a series of novel 2-mercapto-benzimidazolium were synthesized from 2-mercapto-benzimidazole with hydrocarbon chains. All compounds obtained are reported for the first time, and the structures of these compounds were confirmed by means of 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectrometry. The newly synthesized compounds were subjected to in vitro biological evaluation. The antibacterial activity was evaluated will diffusion assay and density optic method. The antioxidant activity was carried out using DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The result indicated that some compounds show convincing antibacterial activities against two microorganisms: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. While, these molecules have not shown interesting antioxidant effects.

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Characterization and Prospective Applications of the Exopolysaccharides Produced by Rhodosporidium babjevae

Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin ◽

10.34172/apb.2020.030 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 254-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rasool Mirzaei Seveiri ◽

Masoud Hamidi ◽

Cédric Delattre ◽

Hamid Sedighian ◽

Guillaume Pierre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Lines ◽

Mdck Cell ◽

Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽

Emulsifying Activity ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

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Purpose: Due to the potential industrial and therapeutic applications of the yeast exopolysaccharides (EPSs), there has been an increasing demand to assess these biopolymers with improved characteristics. This study aimed to characterize the EPSs from Rhodosporidium babjevae (ATCC 90942 and IBRC-M 30088) as well as to evaluate their possible antioxidant, emulsifying and antiproliferative activities. Methods: Rhodosporidium babjevae was cultured for 5 days and following isolation of supernatant, EPSs precipitated with adding of cold absolute ethanol and freeze-dried. The EPSs chemical structure was determined by FT-IR, SEM, HPLC-SEC and GC-MS. Additionally the solubility, water holding capacity and emulsifying activity of EPSs were evaluated. In vitro, antioxidant activity was investigated against DPPH, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Finally the EPSs consequence on the cell proliferation of human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell lines was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. Results: R. babjevae excreted 1.6±0.2 g/L of the EPSs. The EPSs had three fractions with molecular weights of 1.02 ×106 , 5×105 and 2×105 Da. Mannose and glucose were found as the main monosaccharides of the EPSs (84:16 mol%, respectively). The EPSs exhibited emulsifying activity on sun flower oil. The scavenging activities were found to be dose-dependent and higher than hyaluronic acid. Significant difference among the EPSs treatments on the proliferation of MCF-7 and MDCK cell lines was not observed (P>0.05). Conclusion: These results show the interesting potential of the EPSs from R. babjevae as biocompatible compounds for using in food and pharmaceutical fields.

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Antioxidative Activity and Phenols Content in Five Tropical Lamiaceae Plants

Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science (JTRSS) ◽

10.47253/jtrss.v1i2.641 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 49-54

Author(s):

M.S. Azman Abdul Rahim ◽

Jailani Salihon ◽

Mashitah Mohd Yusoff ◽

M. Rizal Martua Damanik

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Functional Food ◽

Antioxidative Activity ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenols ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

Pogostemon Cablin ◽

Free Radical Scavenging Assay

The total antioxidants content in five Lamiaceae plants were examined. Fresh Plecranthus amboinicus Lour. Indonesia leaves were collected from Jakarta, Indonesia and leaves of Plecranthus amboinicus Lour. Malaysia, Pogostemon cablin Benth., Solenostemon scutellariodes Red and Solenostemon scutellariodes Mix Colour were collected from Kuantan, Malaysia. Leaves were freeze-dried, ground and extracted using methanol. The extracted leaves were determined the scavenging activity of the stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. Results showed that the P. cablin Benth. leaves exhibited the significant (p<0.05) highest degree of antioxidant activity (63.18%). It was followed by S. scutellariodes Red (54.81%) and S. scutellariodes Mix Colour (50.44%) which both showed significant differences (p<0.05). Both of the P. amboinicus Lour. Malaysia and P. amboinicus Lour. Indonesia displayed the lowest degree of antioxidant activity (p>0.05), i.e 47.07% and 45.38%, respectively. The P. cablin Benth. showed the total phenols (7.64 mg/g fw) but insignificant with the P. amboinicus Lour. Indonesia (7.42 mg/g fw), S. scutellariodes Red (7.32 mg/g fw) and P. amboinicus Lour. Malaysia (7.23 mg/g fw). Only the S. scutellariodes Mix Colour showed significantly (p?0.05) compared total phenols (5.64 mg/g fw). This research provided a chemical basis for some of the health benefits claimed for in folk medicine and warrant further studies to develop it as a natural functional food.

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Carum copticum L. essential oils as natural antimicrobial and antioxidant

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v44i4.38564 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 515-520

Author(s):

M Kazemi

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Dpph Radical ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Carum Copticum ◽

Microbial Strains ◽

Pharmaceutical Industries ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽

Antioxidant Effects

Carum copticum L. comprises several relevant species for food, cosmetic, perfumery and pharmaceutical industries. GC/MS analysis of the enential oil of C. copticum revealed γ- terpinene as a major component of C. copticum, with its contribution of 33.85%. Essential oils (EOs) exhibited a significant antimicrobial activity against all tested microbial strains. In addition, the C. copticum oil demonstrated the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity. These results clearly show the antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of the plant essential oil.

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