scholarly journals Predictive Value of Gut Microbiome for Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Shourong Lu ◽  
Lin Shao ◽  
Yunyun Zhang ◽  
Ying Yang ◽  
Zhuo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Bile Secretion ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disease ◽  
Kegg Analysis

A connection exists between hypertension (HTN) and cognitive impairment (CI) or gut microbiota (GM) and neuropsychiatric disease. However, the link between GM and HTNCI has not been illustrated. This study endeavoured to profile the landscape of GM in HTNCI patients and evaluate the value of GM as HTNCI biomarkers. We recruited 128 patients with hypertension and assigned them to two groups of different MoCA scores. Clinical and biological data were recorded. GM composition was illustrated with 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing, and the dominant species were identified by linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe). It showed higher abundance of TM7 and lower abundances of Veillonella and Peptoniphilus in the HTNCI group than in the HTN without cognitive impairment (HTNnCI) group. We next clarified the link between GM and MoCA scores or HTNCI factors. KEGG analysis revealed the involvement of decreased bile secretion. An evident correlation showed up between HTNCI and Veillonella abundance ( P = 0.0340 ). We concluded that some representative GM species, especially Veillonella, could predict cognitive impairment in hypertension patients, making them potential benchmarks of HTNCI.

scholarly journals Dietary lactoferrin has differential effects on gut microbiota in young versus middle-aged APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice but no effects on cognitive function

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan-Huan Zhou ◽  
Guiping Wang ◽  
Lan Luo ◽  
Wei Ding ◽  
Jia-Ying Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Tau Pathology ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Neuro Inflammation

Background: Existing evidence suggest that lactoferrin might be beneficial for Alzheimer’s disease, while precise mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Objective: To determine the effects of lactoferrin intervention on cognitive function from APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice, and potential mechanisms involved. Design: Both the young and middle-aged male APP/PS1 mice were divided into the control and lactoferrin intervention groups with 16 weeks’ intervention. Results: Lactoferrin had no effects on cognitive function for both the young and middle-aged mice, and no key markers involved in Aβ, tau pathology, neuro-inflammation and synaptic plasticity were altered after lactoferrin intervention. With regards to gut microbiota profiles, in the young APP/PS1 mice, lactoferrin elevated the α diversity index including ACE and Chao 1, and reduced the relative abundance of the genera Bacteroides and Alistipes and elevated Oscillibacter; in addition, Oscillibacter, Anaerotruncus, EF096579_g, EU454405_g, Mollicutes_RF39, EU474361_g, EU774448_g, and EF096976_g were specifically abundant via linear discriminant analysis with effect size (LEfSe) analysis. In the middle-aged APP/PS1 mice, the relative abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria, as well as the genera Oscillospira, Coprococcus, and Ruminococcus was significantly reduced post lactoferrin; additionally, S24_7, Bacteroidia, Bacteroidetes, and Methylobacterium were specific via LEfSe analysis in the lactoferrin group. Conclusions: Dietary lactoferrin might be beneficial for gut microbiota homeostasis although it might have no effects on cognition.

scholarly journals Deviations in the Gut Microbiota of Neonates Affected by Maternal Group B Streptococcus Infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue-feng Li ◽  
Xue-lei Gong ◽  
Su-xiang Chen ◽  
Ke-jian Wang ◽  
Yan-hua Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Gut Colonization ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection is the leading cause of septicemia, meningitis, and pneumonia in neonates. Aberrant gut colonization in early life may predispose children to various diseases in adulthood. However, the associations between gut microbial changes and GBS infection is still unclear.Methods: We adopted a new microarray-based technique on neonatal meconium samples collected from 13 participants with mother’s GBS infection/colonization in vaginas and 73 uninfected controls.Results: The composition and diversity of meconium microbiota in GBS group were similar to that of healthy controls. However, we identified several specific taxa that were differentially abundant between the two groups (linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe): p<0.05, LDA>2.0). Particularly, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus paracasei was significantly reduced, indicating a role in GBS infection.Conclusions: Our study presented a series of bacterial species affected by GBS, thus providing novel evidence in support of initial intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in the neonates with mother’s GBS infection/colonization.

scholarly journals The Composition of Gut Microbiota in Patients Bearing Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis with Euthyroidism and Hypothyroidism

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Simo Liu ◽  
Yaxin An ◽  
Bin Cao ◽  
Rongxin Sun ◽  
Jing Ke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
16S Rna ◽  
Environmental Information Processing

Aims. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), a type of autoimmune disease, occurs due to genetic predisposition and environmental factors. It is well known that thyroid function may affect the gut microbiota. However, the composition of gut microbiota in HT patients with different thyroid function status has been less highlighted. Therefore, we focused on the alterations in the composition of gut microbiota in HT patients with euthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Methods. We performed a cross-sectional study, including 45 HT patients with euthyroidism, 18 HT patients with hypothyroidism, and 34 healthy controls. Fecal samples were collected, and microbiota was examined by using 16S RNA ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Then, we analyzed the possible pathways in relation to the enriched bacteria by linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe). Results. Compared with the controls, bacterial richness and diversity were significantly lower in patients with HT, especially in hypothyroidism. Moreover, Lachnospiraceae_incertae_sedis, Lactonifactor, Alistipes, and Subdoligranulum were more enriched in HT patients with euthyroidism, while Phascolarctobacterium was more abundant in those with hypothyroidism. Further analysis suggested that Phascolarctobacterium was negatively related to several pathways, including environmental information processing and metabolism. Conclusion. In summary, our study demonstrated the altered composition of gut microbiota in HT patients with different thyroid function status. Moreover, Phascolarctobacterium may be involved in the development of HT.

P1144ODORIBACTER AND ANAEROTRUNCUS: GUT MICROBIOME SIGNATURE MIGHT BE RELATED TO COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN PATIENTS ON PERITONEAL DIALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola Martin del Campo ◽  
Natali Vega Magaña ◽  
Noe A Salazar-Félix ◽  
Marcela Peña Rodríguez ◽  
María de Lourdes Romo-Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Uremic Toxin ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Illumina Platform ◽  
Dialysis Adequacy ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Dialysis Vintage

Abstract Background and Aims Cognitive impairment is very common in dialysis patients, with negative effects on quality of life and mortality. In neurodegenerative conditions (Alzheimer, Parkinson) a gut-brain axis has been identified; however, there is no information about the relationship of gut microbiota alterations and presence of cognitive impairment in chronic kidney disease. The aim was to associate the gut microbiota profile with the cognitive function in patients on automated peritoneal dialysis (APD). Method Cross-sectional study in 39 APD patients; those with visual or mental disabilities, psychiatric or neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory causes of ESRD, with active infections (including peritonitis), on anti-inflammatory drugs or antibiotics, were excluded. All patients had a clinical, biochemical, nutritional and dialysis adequacy evaluation, and were classified according to the presence of cognitive impairment using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. Fecal samples were collected and immediately stored at -80 ºC. DNA extraction was performed with Quick-DNA Fecal/Soil Microbe Miniprep Kit (Zymo Research). Subsequently, V3 and V4 regions of 16S rRNA were sequenced using illumina platform. Statistical analysis: Student t test and χ2 were used to compare quantitative and qualitative variables, respectively. Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) pipeline and Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) were employed for bioinformatic analysis. Results Eighty-two percent of subjects were male, mean age 47 ± 24 years, and dialysis vintage 11 (7-48) months. Sixty-four percent of patients had cognitive impairment. Patients with cognitive impairment were significantly older (53 ± 16 vs 38 ± 14, p=0.006), had higher frequency of diabetes mellitus (56% vs 21%, p=0.04), and had lower creatinine concentrations (11.3 ± 3.7 vs 14.9 ± 5.4, p=0.02) compared to patients with normal cognitive function. No differences were found in other biochemical, nutritional or dialysis adequacy variables. A total of 38,083 sequences per patient were obtained after the microbiome analysis. LEfSe analysis showed a preponderance of S24_7, Rikenellaceae, Odoribacteraceae, Odoribacter, and Anaerotruncus in patients with cognitive impairment. In contrast, patients without cognitive impairment were characterized by Dorea, Ruminococcus, Sutterella and Fusobacteria (LDA score (Log10) &gt; 2.5; p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion Cognitive impairment was present in two-thirds of these APD patients. Odoribacter and Anaerotruncus were significantly more abundant in patients with cognitive impairment than in those with normal function. Such gut bacteria might enhance cognitive impairment as have been described to increase the uremic toxin production and activation of inflammatory pathways in the central nervous system. This is the first study providing evidence than brain and behavior might be influenced by the gut-brain axis in dialysis patients.

Structural Change of Gut Microbiota in Patients with Post-Stroke Comorbid Cognitive Impairment and Depression and Its Correlation with Clinical Features

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 1595-1608
Author(s):  
Yi Ling ◽  
Qilu Gu ◽  
Junmei Zhang ◽  
Tianyu Gong ◽  
Xiongpeng Weng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

Background: Post-stroke comorbid cognitive impairment and depression (PSCCID) is a severe neuropsychiatric complication after acute stroke. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with many psychiatric disorders. Alterations in the composition of gut microbiota may serve as a critical role in patients with PSCCID. Objective: We aimed to characterize the microbial profiles of patients with PSCCID. Method: A total of 175 stroke patients were recruited in the study. The composition of gut bacterial communities of patients was determined by 16S ribosomal RNA Miseq sequencing, and Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States was used to demonstrate the functional alterations of gut microbiota. We further identified the characteristic gut microbiota of PSCCID using linear discriminant analysis effect size. Results: Patients with PSCCID exhibited an increased abundance of Proteobacteria, including Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacteriales, and Enterobacteriaceae, and a decreased abundance of several short-chain fatty acids-producing bacteria compared with non-PSCCID patients. The abundance of Gammaproteobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae showed negative correlations with the MoCA score. Moreover, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes results demonstrated the enriched orthologs of glycan biosynthesis and metabolism and decreased orthologs of amino acid metabolism in PSCCID patients. Importantly, the characteristic gut microbiota was identified and achieved an area under the curve of 0.847 between the two groups. Conclusion: In this study, we characterized the gut microbiota of PSCCID patients, and revealed the correlations of the altered gut microbiota with clinical parameters, which took a further step towards non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for PSCCID from fecal samples.

scholarly journals Diversity analysis of gut microbiota in osteoporosis and osteopenia patients

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihan Wang ◽  
Yangyang Wang ◽  
Wenjie Gao ◽  
Biao Wang ◽  
Heping Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Primary Osteoporosis ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Normal Controls

Some evidence suggests that bone health can be regulated by gut microbiota. To better understand this, we performed 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing to analyze the intestinal microbial diversity in primary osteoporosis (OP) patients, osteopenia (ON) patients and normal controls (NC). We observed an inverse correlation between the number of bacterial taxa and the value of bone mineral density. The diversity estimators in the OP and ON groups were increased compared with those in the NC group. Beta diversity analyses based on hierarchical clustering and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) could discriminate the NC samples from OP and ON samples. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria constituted the four dominant phyla in all samples. Proportion of Firmicutes was significantly higher and Bacteroidetes was significantly lower in OP samples than that in NC samples (p < 0.05), Gemmatimonadetes and Chloroflexi were significantly different between OP and NC group as well as between ON and NC group (p < 0.01). A total of 21 genera with proportions above 1% were detected and Bacteroides accounted for the largest proportion in all samples. The Blautia, Parabacteroides and Ruminococcaceae genera differed significantly between the OP and NC group (p < 0.05). Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) results showed one phylum community and seven phylum communities were enriched in ON and OP, respectively. Thirty-five genus communities, five genus communities and two genus communities were enriched in OP, ON and NC, respectively. The results of this study indicate that gut microbiota may be a critical factor in osteoporosis development, which can further help us search for novel biomarkers of gut microbiota in OP and understand the interaction between gut microbiota and bone health.

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