Hemoglobin Precipitation: An Index of In Vitro Vasoconstrictive Activities of Methanol Leaf Extracts of Croton megalocarpus Hutch and Lantana camara Linn

The function of innate hemostasis aids the body in bleeding control, preventing the loss of excessive amounts of blood following low-degree injuries. However, injuries of a higher degree may require extrinsic intervention to stop life-threatening blood loss. Astringent agents’ actions result in mechanical constriction of small blood vessels and shrinkage of body tissues, thereby stopping blood loss. This enhances the primary phase of hemostasis, where vasoconstriction is the main mechanism at play during the initial response to injury. The effects of plant extracts on protein precipitation have been linked to blood vessel vasoconstriction. Traditionally, the leaves of Croton megalocarpus Hutch and Lantana camara Linn plants are used by communities living in Makueni County, Kenya, for peripheral bleeding control. However, the effects of extracts of both plants on hemoglobin precipitation have not been evaluated scientifically. In the current study, the activities of methanol extracts of C. megalocarpus (H.) and L. camara (L.) on blood protein precipitation were investigated. The leaves were harvested, cleaned, air-dried, milled, and extracted in absolute methanol before being concentrated into dry powders. A qualitative phytochemical screen revealed the presence of terpenoids, steroids, tannins, phenols, flavonoids, reducing sugars, cardiac glycosides, and carbohydrates in the methanol extract of C. megalocarpus (H.). The methanol extracts of L. camara (L.) contained cardiac glycosides, saponins, tannins, phenols, terpenoids, reducing sugars, and carbohydrates. The hemoglobin precipitation ability of various concentrations of extracts using mice samples was presented as relative astringency following the tannic acid external standard method. Methanol extracts C. megalocarpus (H.) and L. camara (L.) had significantly higher relative astringency compared with the normal control, indicating a protein precipitating activity. The relative astringency observed in both plant extracts is linked to the activity of tannins, phenols, flavonoids, and saponins detected during preliminary phytochemical screening.

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Hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy in morbidly obese patients

Perspectives in Surgery ◽

10.33699/pis.2020.99.6.271-276 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 99 (6) ◽

pp. 271-276

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Surgical Technique ◽

Blood Loss ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Kidney Cancer ◽

The Body ◽

Laparoscopic Nephrectomy ◽

Morbidly Obese ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Morbid Obese

Introduction: Prevalence of obesity is 30 % in the Czech Republic and is expected to increase further in the future. This disease complicates surgical procedures but also the postoperative period. The aim of our paper is to present the surgical technique called hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy (HALS), used in surgical management of kidney cancer in morbid obese patients with BMI >40 kg/m2. Methods: The basic cohort of seven patients with BMI >40 undergoing HALS nephrectomy was retrospectively evaluated. Demographic data were analyzed (age, gender, body weight, height, BMI and comorbidities). The perioperative course (surgery time, blood loss, ICU time, hospital stay and early complications), tumor characteristics (histology, TNM classification, tumor size, removed kidney size) and postoperative follow-up were evaluated. Results: The patient age was 38−67 years; the cohort included 2 females and 5 males, the body weight was 117−155 kg and the BMI was 40.3−501 kg/m2. Surgery time was 73−98 minutes, blood loss was 20−450 ml, and hospital stay was 5−7 days; incisional hernia occurred in one patient. Kidney cancer was confirmed in all cases, 48–110 mm in diameter, and the largest removed specimen size was 210×140×130 mm. One patient died just 9 months after the surgery because of metastatic disease; the tumor-free period in the other patients currently varies between 1 and 5 years. Conclusion: HALS nephrectomy seems to be a suitable and safe surgical technique in complicated patients like these morbid obese patients. HALS nephrectomy provides acceptable surgical and oncological results.

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The Effects of Extracts of Lantana camara (L.) and Azadirachta indica (A. Juss) on the Population Dynamics of Plutella xylostella, Brevicoryne brassicae and Hellula undalis on Cabbage

Sustainable Agriculture Research ◽

10.5539/sar.v1n2p229 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 229 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

P. K. Baidoo ◽

J. I. Adam

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Plutella Xylostella ◽

Block Design ◽

Petroleum Ether Extract ◽

Brevicoryne Brassicae ◽

Lantana Camara ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Hellula Undalis

The effects of ethanolic extract of neem, Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae), seeds and petroleum ether extract of Lantana camara leaves (Verbenaceae) on the populations of three cabbage pests, Plutella xylostella, Brevicoryne brassicae and Hellula undalis were studied. The study was conducted between January and April 2008. Extracts of the two plants were sprayed on cabbage plants to control these pests. A standard synthetic chemical insecticide (Mektin) was used as reference product. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design and each treatment was replicated four times. The effects of plant extracts on the population dynamics of the pests’ species, the level of infestation and yield were assessed. Significantly more of the pests infested the control plants than the treated plants (P< 0.01). The mean weight of cabbage heads on the sprayed plots was significantly heavier than that of the control unsprayed plots. The use of A. indica seeds and L. camara leaf extracts increased yield by 37.05% and 25.80%, respectively. Spraying the cabbage plants with the plant extracts significantly reduced the numbers of pests compared with the control plants. The use of these plant extracts can be incorporated into an overall control programme of these pests.

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Phytochemical Screening and Biological Studies of Shilajit (Asphaltum)

International Journal of Phytomedicine ◽

10.5138/09750185.1883 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 15

Author(s):

Shahid Aziz ◽

Sidra Khaliq ◽

Habib Ur-Rehman ◽

Kh. Shakeel Ghani ◽

Muhammad Irshad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Activity ◽

Cardiac Glycosides ◽

Reducing Sugars ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Biological Studies ◽

Dead Plant ◽

Micro Organisms

Shilajit (asphaltum) is produced by the long term humification of dead plant material and organic vegetable matter by different micro-organisms and has great potential for the treatment of a variety of human conditions. This treatise reviews its origin, sources, chemical composition, biological and commercial importance. Phytochemical analysis was done by standard methods to evaluate different Shilajit (asphaltum) classes of compounds in different samples of shilajit which are responsible for their biological activity. Shilajit`s anti-microbial activity has been evaluated against four different bacterial strains viz., Escherichia coli, Psuedomonas aeuroginosa, Klebisella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus. Phytochemical analysis illustrated that shilajit contains terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, saponins and reducing sugars. Surprisingly, some classes of compounds are absent in shilajit viz., alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and anthraquinones. . Shilajit showed no response towards halophytic bacteria and negligible activity was shown towards other strains of bacteria. Since anti-microbial activity is based on environmental factors its activity varied between locations.

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Immediate results of spleen-preserving distal subtotal pancreatic resection

Annaly khirurgicheskoy gepatologii = Annals of HPB surgery ◽

10.16931/1995-5464.20211100-106 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 100-106

Author(s):

T. S. Mirzaev ◽

D. V. Podluzhny ◽

R. E. Izrailov ◽

Yu. I. Patyutko ◽

E. V. Glukhov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Loss ◽

Pancreatic Resection ◽

The Body ◽

Pancreatic Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Control Group ◽

Intraoperative Blood Loss ◽

Spleen Preserving ◽

Subtotal Pancreatectomy ◽

Malignancy Potential

Aim. To assess the possibility of open spleen-preserving distal subtotal pancreatic resection for tumors of the body and tail of the pancreas.Material and methods. A retrospective comparative analysis of the immediate results of the spleen-preserving interventions in 41 patients was carried out. Mainly benign tumors or tumors with a low malignancy potential of the corpus and (or) the tail of the pancreas were detected. Distal subtotal pancreatectomy with splenectomy was performed in 53 patients with pancreatic tumors of different histogenesis with low malignancy potential (control group).Results. The duration of spleen-preserving distal subtotal pancreatectomy was 12 minutes shorter, compared with the distal subtotal pancreatectomy with splenectomy group (p = 0.180). Significantly lower volume of intraoperative blood loss during spleen-preserving procedure was noted – by 460 ml (p = 0.0001). The level of postoperative complications in the spleen-preserving pancreatectomy group was 15 (37%), while in the group of distal subtotal pancreatectomy with splenectomy was 26 (49%) (p = 0.227), respectively. External pancreatic fistula after spleenpreserving pancreatectomy was noted in 13 (32%) patients, in the other group in 21 (40%; p = 0.429). The duration of hospital stay did not statistically significantly differ in the compared groups and amounted to: 18.6 ± 6.9 and 20.3 ± 5.4 days (p = 0.123), respectively.Conclusion. Open spleen-preserving pancreatectomy is a relatively safe type of surgical treatment for patients with benign tumors and tumors with a low potential for malignancy of the body and/or tail of the pancreas. The surgery is shorter in time, accompanied by a lower level of complications, significantly less intraoperative blood loss, compared with a similar procedure involving splenectomy.

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Bioactivity of Indigenous Medicinal Plants against the Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v9n7p123 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 123 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. Abou-Fakhr Hammad ◽

M. Akkary ◽

N. Saliba ◽

M. Farran ◽

S. Talhouk

Keyword(s):

Tetranychus Urticae ◽

Plant Species ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Spider Mite ◽

Reference Sample ◽

Acaricidal Activity ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Methanol Extracts ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Two Spotted Spider Mite

Forty two methanol extracts and 12 aqueous extracts of 29 indigenous medicinal plant species were tested for their acaricidal bioactivity against the two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae adults at the laboratory. Fourteen methanol plant extracts caused significant mortality in mites. This is the first report for the potential effect on survival of mites for 27 tested endemic plant species. Methanol whole plant extracts (WPEs) of Lotus carmeli, Alchemilla diademata, Eryngium deserlorum and aqueous fruit extracts (FrEs) of Melia azedarach caused toxic effects against the adult mites in the range of 41-46% mortality. The methanol WPE of L. carmeli and the aqueous FrE of M. azedarach (1:5) caused the highest mite mortality of 43.55% and 45.55%, respectively and each was used as reference sample for potential acaricidal activity in the methanol and aqueous treatment groups. The latter extract was not significantly different in its effect from aqueous extracts of M. azedarach leaf extract (LE) and Achillea damascena WPE. Methanol extracts of Salvia rubifolia flowers and Calendula palestina FrE were found to be more active against the adult mite than their extracts of other plant parts as leaves and flowers, respectively. The former two extracts, flower extracts of Anthemis scariosa, Echinops gaillardoti, Nepeta curviflora, and Ranunculus cuneatus, leaves and stems extract of An. scariosa and WPEs of Melissa inodora, Ranunuculus myosuroides, Origanum libanoticum and Ac. damascena were found to be comparable in their acaricidal activity to that of the whole plant extract of L. carmeli. Thus, these bioactive extracts of some local plant species can cause toxicity to adult T. urticae mites and consequently could be an alternative control for mite pests.

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A Case of Complete Heart Block Due to Intentional Ingestion of Plant Extracts

Indian Journal of Cardiovascular Disease in Women WINCARS ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1656409 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 02 (02) ◽

pp. 042-045

Author(s):

K. Prasad ◽

K. Lavanya

Keyword(s):

Plant Extracts ◽

Heart Block ◽

Cardiac Glycosides ◽

Complete Heart Block ◽

Digitalis Toxicity ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Intentional Ingestion ◽

Systemic Manifestations

AbstractCardiac glycosides are widely available in botanic products and other naturally occurring substances worldwide. Accidental consumption of it leads to digitalis toxicity with varied systemic manifestations. We describe a case of consumption of extract of leaves of the Indian rubber vine plant (Crytostegia grandi flora) which led to gastrointestinal, cardiac, electrolyte, and hematological disturbances.

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A fatal case of hypothermia caused by dog bites

Medicine Science and the Law ◽

10.1177/0025802417712882 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 130-133

Author(s):

Yanning Li ◽

Ruipeng Shen ◽

Runtao Ding ◽

Gehua Wen ◽

Ao Du ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Loss ◽

Alcohol Intoxication ◽

Fatal Case ◽

Causative Factor ◽

Healthy Person ◽

The Body ◽

Internal Organs ◽

Dog Bites ◽

Surrounding Areas ◽

Fatal Hypothermia

Death from hypothermia usually *We presented a fatal case of hypothermia after being bitten by dog in this article. occurs among people exposed to cold and humid environmental conditions when they are homeless, aged, suffering from natural or psychiatric diseases and drug or alcohol intoxication. A normal healthy person dying from hypothermia due to dog bites is unusual and rare. Here, we present a fatal case of hypothermia following dog bites causing blood loss and multiple wounds on the body. A 56-year-old man was found dead in a remote roadside puddle of a small village, early in the morning. He was naked, and his body trunk and limbs had multiple irregular wounds. Gray animal hairs could be seen in parts of the wound cavities and surrounding areas. In addition, there was a kennel near the scene. Family members argued that the deceased was bitten to death by a dog. However, autopsy revealed several findings which were strongly supportive of fatal hypothermia. Moreover, we saw no obvious changes caused by blood loss, either on the body surface or internal organs. Accordingly, we concluded the true cause of his death was fatal hypothermia; bites from a dog was a necessary causative factor.

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A Pharmacological Potential of Adina cordifolia

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v11i2-s.4652 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2-S) ◽

pp. 132-135

Author(s):

Aishwarya P. Dalu ◽

Vinayak S. Zagare ◽

Priyamala E. Avchar ◽

Megha P. Kadam ◽

Ashwini S. Ingole ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Cardiac Glycosides ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Pharmacological Action ◽

High Tech ◽

Human History ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

Botanical Description ◽

Pharmacological Potential

Adina cordifolia belongs to the Rubiaceae family. Flavonoids, carbohydrate, alkaloid, saponin, phenol, tannins, terpenoids, and cardiac glycosides were found in Adina cordifolia plant extracts. Herbal medicines have been the highly esteemed source of medicine throughout human history. They are widely used today indicating that herbs are a growing part of modern, high-tech medicine. The medicinal plants, besides having natural therapeutic values against various diseases and considerable works have been done on these plants to treat chronic Cough, Jaundice, Stomachaches, Cancer, Diabetes, and a variety of other ailments. Present review deals with botanical description and various pharmacological action, and medicinal uses of Adina cordifolia. Keywords: Adina cordifolia, Pharmacological Potential, Extract, Taxonomy.

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Separation and Recognition of Keratinophilic Fungi from Soil of Gwalior section and their manage by Methanolic Plant extorts

International Journal of Pharmacy and Biomedical Engineering ◽

10.14445/23942576/ijpbe-v2i1p102 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 5-9

Author(s):

Mustafa Ali

Keyword(s):

Plant Extracts ◽

Antifungal Agent ◽

Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Keratinophilic Fungi ◽

The Body ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Efficient System ◽

Minor Metabolite

Microorganism is ubiquition in nature. A large number of microbes are current in our atmosphere. The human body occurs in active stability with these microbes .illness occurs when a microbe infiltrate the body surface of tissues. In these it multiplies and the cumulation effect infects infections damage of disrupt tissues and organs and disease results. In the present study, we found that A. Fumigatus, T. mentagrophyte, T. rubrum. E. Floccosum and chrysosporium sp., A. Niger were the most prevalent keratinophilic fungi found in the soil of Gwalior region, which we have secluded. In vitero evalution was conducted for kindliness testing with 5 different methanolic plant extracts for the reserve of hyphal enlargement and spore formation in A. Fumigatus, T. mentagrophyte, T. rubrum. E. Floccosum and chrysosporium sp. evalution antifungal activity was carried out by disc diffusion method and well dispersal method. Plant secondary metabolites have been of attention to man for a lon time due to their pharmacological relevance. Higher and aeromatic plant have traditional been used in medicines due to their inhibitory effect on various microbes and they also have antifungal properties .most of their properties are due to essential oil product by their minor metabolite. Our study shows that fungal disease is common in human being. With the emergence of new efficient system and tropical antifungal therapies. Tgere has been greater need search for substitute antifungal agent from microorganisms or plant. In this paper it can be accomplished that keratinophilic fungi occurs in the Gwalior section and we have used methanolic plant extracts against fungi. These extracts obtain from plant material. They can also be indulgence against fungi. In this way we have concluded that fresh methanolic plant extracts can be used us antifungal agent as they are found be successful against the test fungi. The ultimate termination of this study supports the conservative medicine use of different plant extracts in treating different infections caused by pathogenic fungi in gwalior either by using a single or combined extracts.

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Phytochemical Screening and in vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Cyperus rotundus Leaf Extracts

NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES ◽

10.46912/napas.236 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 43-52

Author(s):

EO Agbo ◽

JO Ogenyi ◽

CA Adah ◽

CT Agber

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Cyperus Rotundus ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Methanol Extracts ◽

Study Results

Cyperus rotundus, a member of family Cyperaceae is a perennial, stoloniferous herb. The study investigated the secondary metabolites present in the leaf of Cyperus rotundus and antimicrobial activities of the hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, tannins, steroids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and terpenoids. The qualitative test of the extracts show the presence of steroid only in the hexane extract; flavonoid, cardiac glycoside in both the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts; saponin and tannin and phenolics in just the methanol extract. While alkaloid was present in all the extracts, terpenoid was absent in all. Antimicrobial activity of plant extracts were monitored using the agar disk-diffusion method against strains gram-positive bacterial: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli, Salmonela typhi, and strains of fungi: Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was monitored at different concentrations of 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25 mg/mL prepared from the stock concentration (100mg/mL) by serial dilution; with standard drugs: ciprofloxacin and fluconazole. The inhibition of the test organisms were concentration dependent. The methanol extract showed significantly higher Inhibition Zone (IZ) and Activity Index (AI) against the microbes at all concentrations compared to the ethyl acetate and hexane extracts due to the much phytochemicals (saponins, tanins, phenols, flavonoids, cardiac glycocides and alkaloids) found present in its extract. The overall study results signify the potential of Cyperus rotundus as a source of therapeutic agents. The methanol extract showed the best activity against both bacterial and fungal pathogens at the highest concentration of 100 mg/mL, especially the most susceptible bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (IZ of 25.0±1.5; AI of 0.96) and Candida albicans (IZ of 25.5±0.5; AI of 0.91). At MIC, MBC and MFC of 6.25 mg/mL and 12.5 mg/mL, the plant extracts showed effective bactericidal and fungicidal effect against the test microbes.

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