scholarly journals Efficacy of Qingfei Paidu Decoction on Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A Propensity Score Matching Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Shan Du ◽  
Fei Shao ◽  
Haibin Li ◽  
Shuang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
The West ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Oral Liquid ◽  
Union Hospital ◽  
Classic Prescriptions

Background. In view of the global efforts to develop effective treatments for the current worldwide coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, Qingfei Paidu decoction (QPD), a novel traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, was formulated as an optimized combination of constituents of classic prescriptions used to treat numerous febrile and respiratory-related diseases. This prescription has been used to treat patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China. Hypothesis/Purpose. We hypothesized that QPD would have beneficial effects on patients with COVID-19. We aimed to prove this hypothesis by evaluating the efficacy of QPD in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods. In this single-center, retrospective, observational study, we identified eligible participants who received a laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 between January 15 and March 15, 2020, in the west campus of Union Hospital in Wuhan, China. QPD was supplied as an oral liquid packaged in 200-mL containers, and patients were orally administered one package twice daily 40 minutes after a meal. The primary outcome was death, which was compared between patients who did and did not receive QPD (QPD and NoQPD groups, respectively). Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to identify cohorts. Results. In total, 239 and 522 participants were enrolled in the QPD and NoQPD groups, respectively. After PSM at a 1 : 1 ratio, 446 patients meeting the criteria were included in the analysis with 223 in each arm. In the QPD and NoQPD groups, 7 (3.2%) and 29 (13.0%) patients died, and those in the QPD group had a significantly lower risk of death (hazard ratio (HR) 0.29, 95% CI: 0.13–0.67) than those in the NoQPD group ( p  = 0.004). Furthermore, the survival time was significantly longer in the QPD group than in the NoQPD group ( p  < 0.001). Conclusion. The use of QPD may reduce the risk of death in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Abstract 205: New Onset Heart Failure and Adverse Ischemic Events Associated with Amiodarone and Dronedarone Use among Atrial Fibrillation Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gosia Sylwestrzak ◽  
Jinan Liu ◽  
Alan Rosenberg ◽  
Jeffrey White ◽  
John Barron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Administrative Claims ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
New Onset

Background: Dronedarone is a non-iodinated form of amiodarone that may not cause some of serious adverse effects associated with amiodarone. However, it is less effective than amiodarone in maintaining normal sinus rhythm, and it does not improve success of electrical cardioversion. Additionally, dronedarone use has been associated with new onset or worsening of heart failure (HF), including a doubling of the risk of death in patients with symptomatic heart failure. We aimed to compare the incidence of newly diagnosed HF and HF hospitalizations among dronedarone and amiodarone users. Secondary outcomes of interest included rates of acute ischemic stroke (IS) and transient ischemic attack (TIA). Methods: This retrospective study utilized administrative claims data between 1/1/2007-9/30/2011 from the HealthCore Integrated Research Environment (HIRE ® ). Patients were required to have at least one claim for atrial fibrillation. Propensity score matching was employed to adjust for differences between the cohorts. Incidence rate of HF, HF hospitalizations, IS and TIA events were compared between matched cohorts using Poisson time-to-event model. Results: The cohort consisted of 6,013 amiodarone and 1,534 dronedarone patients. Dronedarone patients were younger, healthier per Deyo-Charlson Index (DCI) and CHADS2 score, and less likely to have underlying heart disease (all p-values<0.05). In the propensity score matching process 838 patients with comparable baseline characteristics were selected in each group. Median follow up was 552 days in the amiodarone cohort and 412 days in the dronedarone cohort. Among patients without HF history, new onset HF incidence rate was 34.6 per 100 person-year in amiodarone cohort and 19.1 per 100 person-year in dronedarone cohort (IRR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.30-2.01, p<0.01). The incidence rate for HF hospitalization was also higher in amiodarone patients-- 10.7 per 100 person-year against 7.8 per 100 person-year for dronedarone (IRR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.02-1.85, p=0.03). For IS, the incidence rate was 1.68 per 100 person-year in amiodarone vs. 0.84 in dronedarone but results did not reach statistical significance (IRR=1.91, 95% CI: 0.84-4.30, p=0.12); for TIA, it was 3.67 vs. 2.35 for amiodarone and dronedarone respectively (IRR=2.01, 95% CI: 1.14-3.57, p=0.02). Conclusions: In a propensity score matched observational cohort study, amiodarone use was associated with higher incidence rate of new onset HF, HF hospitalizations, and TIA as identified from claims. This finding differs from other clinical studies. Future observational cohort studies should incorporate medical record review for validation since information from claims might be insufficient to fully account for underlying patient risk status, or accurately determine if HF was new onset. Key words: amiodarone; dronedarone; atrial fibrillation; heart failure.

Clinical Effect of the Acrylonitrile-Co-Methallyl Sulfonate Surface-Treated Membrane as a Cytokine Adsorption Therapy for Sepsis due to Acute Panperitonitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-371
Author(s):  
Kentarou Hayashi ◽  
Yusuke Sasabuchi ◽  
Hiroki Matsui ◽  
Mikio Nakajima ◽  
Hiroyuki Ohbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Clinical Effect ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Gastrointestinal Perforation ◽  
Disease Mechanism ◽  
Diagnosis Procedure Combination ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infectious diseases, with cytokines possibly having an important role in the disease mechanism. Acrylonitrile-co-methallyl sulfonate surface-treated (AN69ST) membrane is expected to improve the outcomes of patients with sepsis through cytokine adsorption. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clinical effect of the AN69ST membrane in comparison to standard continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) membranes for panperitonitis due to lower gastrointestinal perforation. Methods: Using the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database, we identified adult patients with sepsis due to panperitonitis receiving any CRRT. Propensity score matching was used to compare patients who received CRRT with the AN69ST membrane (AN69ST group) and those who received CRRT with other membranes (non-AN69ST group). The primary outcome measure was in-hospital mortality. Results: A total of 528 and 1,445 patients were included in the AN69ST group and in the non-AN69ST group, respectively. Propensity score matching resulted in 521 pairs. There was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality (32.1 vs. 35.5%; p = 0.265) and 30-day mortality (41.3 vs. 42.8%, p = 0.074) between the AN69ST group and the non-AN69ST group. Conclusion: There is no significant difference in-hospital mortality between CRRT with the AN69ST membrane and CRRT with standard CRRT membranes for panperitonitis due to lower gastrointestinal perforation. These results indicate that the AN69ST membrane is not superior to the standard CRRT membrane.

scholarly journals Effects of Recent Use of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors on Mortality of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seongman Bae ◽  
Ju Hyeon Kim ◽  
Ye-Jee Kim ◽  
Joon Seo Lim ◽  
Sung-Cheol Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Diagnostic Code ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Receptor ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Risk Of Death

Abstract Background There is growing concern about the potential harmful effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between recent exposure to ACEIs/ARBs and in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19. Methods We used data from a nationwide cohort of patients with COVID-19 from the health insurance claims data of South Korea, which were released for research purposes for public health by the Ministry of Health and Welfare of South Korea. Patients with COVID-19 were identified using the relevant diagnostic code. Propensity score matching (1:1) was carried out among patients with CVD according to the type of medication (ACEIs/ARBs vs other), and the risk of death was assessed. Results A total of 4936 patients with COVID-19 were analyzed, of whom 1048 (21.2%) had CVD. Of the 1048 patients with CVD, 864 (82.4%) received at least 1 antihypertensive medication before the diagnosis of COVID-19, including 359 (41.6%) who received ACEIs/ARBs and 505 (58.4%) who received drugs other than ACEIs/ARBs. Using the propensity scores for ACEI/ARB use, we matched 305 pairs of patients receiving ACEIs/ARBs and patients receiving other drugs. Recent use of ACEIs/ARBs was not significantly associated with in-hospital mortality in unadjusted analysis (odds ratio [OR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.33–1.14) or propensity score matching analysis (OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.46–2.16). Conclusions In patients with COVID-19 and underlying CVDs, the recent use of ACEIs/ARBs was not significantly associated with in-hospital mortality. These findings do not support stopping or modifying ACEIs/ARBs in patients during the current COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals The prognostic value of gender in gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A propensity score matching analysis.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian fang Rong ◽  
Si hai Chen ◽  
Cong hua Song ◽  
Huan Wang ◽  
Qiao yun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Gastric Gist ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Male Patients

Abstract Background Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) of the stomach are the most common GISTs. The risk, incidence and outcome of cancer are different between the sexes. Whether gender is related to the prognosis of gastric stromal tumors is unclear. Therefore, this study aims to explore the relationship between gender and gastric GIST prognosis. Methods Data from gastric GIST patients were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. After propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to reduce confounding factors, the clinicopathological features and prognosis of GIST patients were comprehensively evaluated. Results There were 512 male patients and 538 female patients with gastric GIST. The gender of gastric GIST patients was associated with marital status, surgical treatment, tumor size, and mitotic index (P < 0.05). The Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test revealed that male patients had a higher mortality rate than female patients (P = 0.0024). After matching all the potential confounding factors, the survival of the female gastric GIST patients was better than that of the male gastric GIST patients (P = 0.042). Cox regression analysis revealed that gender was an independent risk factor for overall survival. The risk of death was higher for males than for females (HR: 1.539, 95% CI: 1.066–2.222, P = 0.021). Conclusion Gender could be a prognostic factor for gastric GIST survival, and male patients had a higher risk of death.

scholarly journals Effect of Hypertension on Outcomes of Adult Inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A Propensity Score–matching Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Yang ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Xinrong Wang ◽  
Shan Gao ◽  
Yang Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Propensity Score Matching Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Lengths Of Stay ◽  
Radiological Data ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Background: Previous studies have shown that Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with underlying comorbidities can have worse outcomes. However, the effect of hypertension on outcomes of COVID-19 patients remains unclear.Research Question: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of hypertension on the outcomes of patients with COVID-19 by using propensity score–matching (PSM) analysis.Study Design and Methods: Participants enrolled in this study were patients with COVID-19 who had been hospitalized at the Central Hospital of Wuhan, China. Chronic comorbidities and laboratory and radiological data were reviewed; patient outcomes and lengths of stay were obtained from discharge records. We used the Cox proportional-hazard model (CPHM) to analyze the effect of hypertension on these patients’ outcomes and PSM analysis to further validate the abovementioned effect.Results: A total of 226 patients with COVID-19 were enrolled in this study, of whom 176 survived and 50 died. The proportion of patients with hypertension among non-survivors was higher than that among survivors (26.70% vs. 74.00%; P < 0.001). Results obtained via CPHM showed that hypertension could increase risk of mortality in COVID-19 patients (hazard ratio 3.317; 95% CI [1.709–6.440]; P < 0.001). Increased D-dimer levels and higher ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes (N/L) were also found to increase these patients’ mortality risk. After matching on propensity score, we still came to similar conclusions. After we applied the same method in critically ill patients, we found that hypertension also increased risk of death in patients with severe COVID-19.Conclusion: Hypertension, increased D-dimer and the ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte increased mortality in patients with COVID-19, with hypertension in particular.

scholarly journals Meropenem versus Cefotaxime and Ampicillin as Empirical Antibiotic Treatment in Adult Bacterial Meningitis: a Quality Registry Study, 2008 to 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Brink ◽  
Martin Glimåker ◽  
Jan Sjölin ◽  
Pontus Naucler
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Empirical Treatment ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Quality Registry ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Quality Register ◽  
Third Generation Cephalosporins

ABSTRACT Cefotaxime, alone or with ampicillin, is frequently used in empirical treatment of acute bacterial meningitis (ABM). Meropenem is a less extensively investigated alternative. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of empirical treatment with meropenem compared to cefotaxime plus ampicillin on outcome in ABM. The study was based on data from the Swedish quality register for ABM collected between January 2008 and December 2016. Propensity score matching was performed to adjust for baseline differences between the groups. Mortality within 30 days was the primary outcome. The treatment regimens of interest were administered to 623 patients; 328 were given cefotaxime plus ampicillin whereas 295 received meropenem. Using propensity score matching, the 30-day mortality rates were 3.2% in the cefotaxime plus ampicillin group and 3.6% in the meropenem group. For matched cases, the odds ratio (OR) for 30-day mortality for meropenem versus cefotaxime plus ampicillin was 1.15 (confidence interval [CI], 0.41 to 3.22; P = 0.79). The OR for 90-day mortality was 1.47 (CI, 0.62 to 3.52; P = 0.38) and for unfavorable outcome was 1.10 (CI, 0.75 to 1.63; P = 0.62). The findings of our study indicate that meropenem is an effective empirical treatment option for adults with community-acquired ABM. However, to spare carbapenems, guidelines should continue to recommend third-generation cephalosporins as an empirical treatment for the majority of patients with ABM.

scholarly journals Prosthesis-patient mismatch after surgical aortic valve replacement in patients with aortic stenosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Hee Jung Kim ◽  
Ho Jin Kim ◽  
Joon Bum Kim ◽  
Sung-Ho Jung ◽  
Suk Jung Choo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Risk Of Death

Abstract OBJECTIVES The issue of prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) has been a controversial topic. We sought to evaluate the long-term clinical impacts of PPM in patients undergoing SAVR in an updated, homogeneous cohort. METHODS Using the prospective institutional database, we identified 895 adult patients (median age 66, interquartile range 58–72; 45.6% women) who underwent isolated SAVR from January 2000 to March 2016. Those with pure aortic insufficiency and concomitant other cardiac operations were excluded from this study cohort. The presence of a significant PPM was defined as an indexed effective orifice area 0.85 cm2/m2 or less. The outcome of interest was all-cause deaths. Propensity score matching was performed for adjusting bias. RESULTS Significant PPM was present in 247 patients (27.6%). During the follow-up period (mean 71.2 ± 51.04 months), 134 patients (15%) died. Survival rates at 10 and 15 years were 78.3% vs 83.8% and 71.3% vs 57.6% in the PPM and non-PPM groups (P = 0.972). Risk factor analysis indicated that developing PPM was not associated with a risk of death. After propensity score matching (1:1), developing PPM was not a risk factor for long-term death as well (P = 0.584). CONCLUSIONS Significant PPM was common after SAVR in patients with aortic stenosis. However, there was no significant difference in survival rate between those with and without PPM.

scholarly journals Association between increased mortality and bronchial fibroscopy in intensive care units and intermediate care units during COPD exacerbations: an analysis of the 2014 and 2015 National French Medical-based Information System Databases (PMSI)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Amalric ◽  
Engi Ahmed ◽  
Boris Jung ◽  
Carey Suehs ◽  
Nicolas Molinari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Intermediate Care ◽  
Copd Exacerbation ◽  
Copd Exacerbations ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Severe Copd

Abstract Background The course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is punctuated by exacerbations, most often of infectious origin, responsible for many intensive care unit (ICU) and intermediate care unit (IMCU) admissions. Our objective was to study in-hospital mortality during severe COPD exacerbations in ICU and IMCU based on the performance of bronchoscopy. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on stays in ICUs for COPD exacerbation from the French Programme for the Medicalisation of Information Systems databases for the years 2014 and 2015. Propensity score matching of stays made it possible to constitute two comparable groups on the factors of excess mortality described in the literature (age, sex, SAPS 2, type of admission and bronchial tumour). Results We identified 14,491 stays for COPD exacerbation in ICUs, 2586 of which received a bronchoscopy. Mortality was significantly higher in the fibroscopy group (31.32% versus 19.8%). After propensity score matching, we found an excess of mortality in the intervention group (OR = 1.749 [1.516–2.017]) associated with a significantly longer length of stay. The main diagnoses associated with an increased risk of death were pulmonary embolism (OR = 3.251 [1.126–9.384]), bacterial pneumonia (OR = 1.906 [1.173–3.098]) and acute respiratory failure (OR = 1.840 [1.486–2.278]). Conclusions Performing bronchoscopy during ICU hospitalisations for severe COPD exacerbations was associated with increased mortality. This increased mortality appears to be related to a bias in patient selection with a procedure reserved for patients with the adverse course.

scholarly journals Mortality is not associated with paclitaxel-coated devices usage in peripheral arterial disease of lower extremities

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dai Sik Ko ◽  
Gi Hwan Bae ◽  
Sang Tae Choi ◽  
Jaehun Jung ◽  
Jin Mo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

AbstractA recent meta-analysis addressed increased risk of death following revascularization with paclitaxel-coated devices in femopopliteal artery. We evaluated differences in all-cause mortality and amputation free survival between peripheral arterial disease (PAD) patients who were treated with paclitaxel-coated devices and non-paclitaxel-coated devices. This was retrospective population-based cohort study from the National Health Insurance Service claims in South Korea from 2015 to 2019. Multivariate Cox regression analyses after propensity score matching were applied to identify all-cause mortality and amputation-free survival. After propensity score matching, there were 6090 patients per group. The median follow-up days was 580 days (interquartile range [IQR] 240–991 days) and 433 days (IQR 175–757 days) for the non-paclitaxel-coated device group and paclitaxel-coated device group, respectively. Multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, warfarin, and new oral anticoagulants showed that the mortality rate associated with paclitaxel-coated devices was not significantly higher than non-paclitaxel-coated devices (hazard ratio [HR] 0.992; 95% CI 0.91–1.08). The rate of amputation events was higher in patients with paclitaxel-coated devices than those with non-paclitaxel-coated devices (HR 1.614; 95% CI 1.46–1.78). In this analysis, the mortality rate in patients with PAD was not associated with the use of paclitaxel-coated devices, despite a higher amputation rate.

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