scholarly journals Physicochemical Evaluation of Diploknema butyracea Seed Extract and Formulation of Ketoconazole Ointment by Using the Fat as a Base

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jitendra Pandey ◽  
Bimal Khanal ◽  
Jhabilal Bhandari ◽  
Rishav Bashyal ◽  
Asmita Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Accelerated Stability ◽  
Ointment Base ◽  
Physicochemical Evaluation ◽  
Overall Evaluation

The fat obtained from the ripened seeds of Diploknema butyracea is widely used as a vegetable oil in rural areas of Nepal. This study was aimed for the physicochemical evaluation (acid value, iodine value, saponification value, peroxide value, ester value, pH, and liquefaction point) of the Diploknema butyracea seed extract (chyuri fat) and the formulation of 2% w/w ketoconazole ointment by using it as a base. All the physicochemical parameters were determined quantitatively by using the method of Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP), volume-I. By fusion method, 3 different formulations F-A, F-B, and F-C were prepared, in which different proportions of chyuri fat, polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 600), Tween 80, and propylene glycol were used as an ointment base. Various quality parameters such as spreadability, extrudability, viscosity, smoothness, pH, average fill weight, assay, content uniformity, accelerated stability, and drug release profiles were determined. HPLC was used for the determination of ketoconazole content in the ointment formulations. Physicochemical evaluation of the chyuri fat ensured its suitability for industrial purpose. The active ingredient release profile of formulations F-A (87.71%), F-B (88.89%), and F-C (91.09%) after 5 hours were within acceptable range along with other parameters. Assay of the formulations F-A, F-B, and F-C were reported to be 103.01, 107.9, and 102.45%, respectively. Overall, evaluation of the formulation F-A, prepared by using chyrui fat only, gave satisfactory results and most of the parameters were statistically similar ( p > 0.05 ) to the F-B and F-C formulated by incorporating a certain proportion of synthetic base. Thus it can be concluded that chyuri fat can be the best alternative to replace the expensive synthetic base.

scholarly journals Reduction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Sesame Oil Using Cellulosic Aerogel

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 644
Author(s):  
Do-Yeong Kim ◽  
Boram Kim ◽  
Han-Seung Shin
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Miscanthus Sinensis ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
And Control

The effect of cellulosic aerogel treatments used for adsorption of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)—benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and benzo[a]pyrene [BaP])—generated during the manufacture of sesame oil was evaluated. In this study, eulalia (Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens)-based cellulosic aerogel (adsorbent) was prepared and used high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection for determination of PAHs in sesame oil. In addition, changes in the sesame oil quality parameters (acid value, peroxide value, color, and fatty acid composition) following cellulosic aerogel treatment were also evaluated. The four PAHs and their total levels decreased in sesame oil samples roasted under different conditions (p < 0.05) following treatment with cellulosic aerogel. In particular, highly carcinogenic BaP was not detected after treatment with cellulosic aerogel. Moreover, there were no noticeable quality changes in the quality parameters between treated and control samples. It was concluded that eulalia-based cellulosic aerogel proved suitable for the reduction of PAHs from sesame oil and can be used as an eco-friendly adsorbent.

Storage stability of yoghurts enriched with coriander (Coriandrum sativum l.) seeds extract

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-190
Author(s):  
Q.Y. Jameel ◽  
N.K. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Storage Stability ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Food Preservative ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Sensory Evaluations ◽  
Coriander Seed

This study was aimed to estimate the effects of the extract of coriander seed during storage on the chemical and sensory properties of yoghurt. Coriander seed extract was incorporated into yoghurt at different concentrations, 18 mg/mL (T1C1), 36 mg/mL (T2C2) and 54 mg/mL (T3C3) respectively, while control was performed using a sample without extract (T0C0). Samples were stored at 4°C for 42 days and every seven days were evaluated. For all samples containing extract, the values of lactose, fat, pH, protein, tyrosine, acid degree value, acid value, free fatty acid and sensory properties gave higher scores than those of yoghurt without extract. A major deterioration beyond 28 days of storage due to high acidity and an unpleasant taste was discovered by chemical and sensory evaluations of the yoghurt without plant extract. On the other hand, concentrations of 18, 36 and 54 mg/mL had shown to have a remarkable 42-day preservation activity in yoghurt. Compared to formulas T1C1 and T2C2, which contained 18 mg/mL and 36 mg/ mL respectively, formula T3C3, fortified with coriander seed extract at 54 mg/mL, had the highest value in maintaining the chemical properties of yoghurt after 42 days. The findings indicated that coriander extract can be applied as a natural food preservative to milk products in order to increase stability during storage.

Quality Evaluation of Canola Oils and Deodorizer Distillate during Industrial Processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-983
Author(s):  
Hadia Shoaib Hadia Shoaib ◽  
Sarfaraz Ahmed Mahesar Sarfaraz Ahmed Mahesar ◽  
Saeeduddin Saeeduddin ◽  
Parisa Jafarian Parisa Jafarian ◽  
Razieh Niazmand Razieh Niazmand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canola Oil ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Deodorizer Distillate ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Totox Value ◽  
Canola Oils

Aim of present study was to evaluate quality of three collected sets of canola oil containing crude oil, neutralized oil, bleached oil, deodorized oil and canola oil deodorizer distillate (DD) form three different edible oil processing industries. Physiochemical properties such as moisture, color, free fatty acid (FFA), acid value (AV), peroxide value (PV), p-Anisidine value (AV), total oxidative (totox) value, saponification value (SV), iodine value (IV), unsaponifiable matter and soap content were evaluated. The results of the present study indicated that each stage of processing has different impact on the determined quality parameters. Overall processing was well controlled and final product i.e. refined, bleached and deodorized (RBD) canola oil was found to be fit for human consumption. Only soap contents should be further controlled during neutralization process to avoid extra processing time and losses in the bleaching process. High FFA contents in DD samples indicated that it could be used as a potential and cheap source for biodiesel production.

scholarly journals Formulation and Evaluation of Amoxicillin Trihydrate Lozenges

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Vidyadhara ◽  
RLC Sasidhar ◽  
B Deepti ◽  
E Wilwin ◽  
B Sowjanyalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Artificial Sweetener ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Accelerated Stability ◽  
Ich Guidelines ◽  
Saccharin Sodium ◽  
Amoxicillin Trihydrate ◽  
Dsc Analyses

In the present investigation an attempt has been made to formulate medicated lozenges containing amoxicillin trihydrate. There are several amoxicillin trihydrate dosage forms in the market such as tablet, capsule, suspension and syrup. Still there is a need for more variant dosage forms which acts effectively and locally. The benefits of the present research work is to increase the retention of the dosage form in oral cavity for increased bioavailability, reduction in gastric irritation and bypassing first pass metabolism. The lozenges were prepared by heating and congealing method employing polyethylene glycol 1500 as matrix base, saccharin sodium (artificial sweetener), stevia (natural sweetener), xanthan gum (polymer), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (polymer) as other exciepients. The prepared medicated lozenges were characterized for drug content uniformity, hardness, thickness, weight variation, friability and dissolution by standard pharmacopeal methods. The results of the evaluation tests obtained were within the limits. Accelerated stability studies were conducted as per ICH guidelines and found that there wasn’t any substantial interaction among the drug, flavour and colour and the prepared formulations were found to be stable. Formulations were tested for drug exciepients interactions subjecting to IR spectral and DSC analyses. The results revealed that there was no major interactions between the drug and polymers used for the preparation of lozenges.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 14(1): 61-70, 2015 (June)

scholarly journals Linseed oil: Characterization and study of its oxidative degradation

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 337 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Berto ◽  
R. K.A. Garcia ◽  
G. D. Fernandes ◽  
D. Barrera-Arellano ◽  
G. G. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Induction Period ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Accelerated Oxidation

This paper proposes to characterize and monitor the degradation of linseed oil under two oxidation conditions using some traditional oxidative and quality parameters. The experimental section of this study was divided into 2 stages. In the first one, three commercial linseed oil samples (OL1, OL2, and OL3) were characterized according to oxidative stability (90 °C) and fatty acid composition. In the second stage, the OL1 sample, selected due to its availability, was subjected to the following oxidation procedures: storage at room temperature conditions with exposure to light and air (temperature ranging from 7 to 35 °C) for 140 days and accelerated oxidation at 100 °C for 7h. Samples were collected at different time intervals and analyzed for oxidative stability (90 °C), peroxide value, and acid value. The results showed that all the samples presented a similar fatty acid profile and that the OL3 sample showed a higher induction period (p < 0.05). Regarding the oxidative degradation, the induction period of the OL1 sample reduced from 9.7 to 5.7 and 9.7 to 6.3 during 140 days of storage under room temperature and 7 h of accelerated oxidation, respectively. The end of induction period of the OL1 sample is expected to occur within 229 days according to an exponential mathematical model fitted to the induction period values at different temperatures. In addition, the OL1 sample met the limits proposed by Codex and Brazilian regulations for peroxide and acid values during the oxidation time intervals.

scholarly journals Quality Control Assessment of an Ayurvedic Medicine - Durvadi Ghrita

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 754-758
Author(s):  
Sangita Kamaliya ◽  
Vaghela D B ◽  
Harisha C R ◽  
Shukla V J
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Ayurvedic Medicine ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Herbal Drug ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Physicochemical Evaluation ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Background: Durvadi Ghrita is a Sneha Kalpana which is claimed to be effective in Madhumehajanya Timira (Diabetic Retinopathy).  In present study, it has been used for Nasya. Objective: Present study was planned to look out on herbal drugs used in the preparation of Durvadi Ghrita and standardization of drug by pharmacognostical and physicochemical parameters and HPTLC evaluation. Methods: Identification and authentication of all the raw drug was done by pharmacognostical study i.e. morphological characters, organoleptic characters and powder microscopy. Physicochemical evaluation and HPTLC of final product were done. Results: Pharmacognostical study of all the raw drugs of Durvadi Ghrita showed presence of oil globule, prismatic crystals of Durva. Lignified branched trichome, pollen grains of Utpala Kinjalaka. Trichome, border pitted vessels of Manjishtha. Collenchyma cells, border pitted vessel of Elvaluka. Lignified fibres, oil globules of Sita. Pitted fibres, pitted vessels of Usheera. Scalariform vessels, prismatic crystals of Musta. Pitted vessels and lignified fibres, crystal fibres of Chandana. Lignified cork, and stone cells of Padmaka etc. Pharmaceutical evaluation of Durvadi Ghrita showed results Specific Gravity 0.9125, Refractive Index 1.47, Acid Value 0.4608, Iodine Value 11.45 and Saponification Value 128.856. High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography, 12 spots were found at 254 nm and five spots were found at 366 nm. Conclusion: Identification and authentication of herbal drug used in the preparation of Durvadi Ghrita has been done. Pharmacognostical and physicochemical evaluation of prepared drug has been carried out which can be further useful for standardization of Durvadi Ghrita and other clinical researches.

scholarly journals Effect of nonionic surfactants on the release of paracetamol from suppositories

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Fusion Method ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Span 60

The preparation suppositories contain 250 mg of paracetamol on different bases using Novata BD, Novata BCF and composition of Novata BCF/BD (1:1). Suppositories were prepared by the fusion method. The prepared formulations with or without surfactants (Tween 80, Span 60) at concentrations of 2% and 4% (w/w) were tested for hardness, to tal time of de for ma tion, disintegration time, content uniformity and release of the drug. The release of the drug was carried in the apparatus with the stirrer shade in phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) at 100 rpm. The physical properties of the prepared suppositories were according with the requirement of Polish Pharmacopoeia 9th edition. Addition of 4 % Tween 80 to suppository bases significantly increased the drug release from all the investigated formulations. However, incorporation of Span 60 did not result in improvement of the drug release significantly.

scholarly journals Formulation and Physicochemical Evaluation of Lab-Based Aloe adigratana Reynolds Shampoos

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desta Berhe Sbhatu ◽  
Goitom Gebreyohannes Berhe ◽  
Abadi Gebreyesus Hndeya ◽  
Haftom Baraki Abraha ◽  
Asmael Abdu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Lemon Juice ◽  
Dodecanoic Acid ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Physicochemical Evaluation ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Aloe L. species (Aloaceae) are ethnobotanically very valuable plants in many communities and civilizations. Nonetheless, very few species are extensively studied to explore their applications in the pharmaceutical and medical, cosmetic and personal care, food and beverage, and detergent industries. This study evaluated the characteristics and quality of lab-based shampoos formulated from the gel of Aloe adigratana Reynolds. Five shampoo formulations, 20 mL each, were prepared from A. adigratana gel in combination with one to two drops of coconut oil, jojoba oil, olive oil, pure glycerin oil, lemon juice, and vitamin E. Gel mass is prepared from mature, healthy leaves collected from the natural stand. The phytochemistry of the gel of the plant was also studied using phytochemical screening, proximate composition, and GC-MS analysis studies. Shampoo formulations with higher proportion (40 to 50% v/v) of A. adigratana gel were found to have comparable characteristics and qualities with a marketed shampoo. They fall within the range of acceptable quality parameters of commercial shampoos. The phytochemical studies of A. adigratana gel showed that the plant is the source of highly valued compounds for the preparation of shampoos. The gel was found to be rich in saponins as well as dodecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, and phytol. Future works should focus in the development of refined protocol towards formulating A. adigratana-based shampoos.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF TWEEN 80, PALM KERNEL OIL, AND ITS CONVERSION PRODUCT ON IN VITRO PENETRATION ENHANCEMENT OF INDOMETHACIN THROUGH RABBIT SKIN

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Anayanti Arianto ◽  
Rizki Amelia ◽  
Hakim Bangun
Keyword(s):  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Skin Penetration ◽  
Rabbit Skin ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Palm Kernel Oil ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Ointment Base

Objective: Objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of Tween 80, palm kernel oil (PKO), and its conversion products (hydrolyzed and transesterificated products) on the in vitro rabbit skin penetration of indomethacin from hydrocarbon ointment base.Materials and Methods: In vitro penetration of indomethacin through hairless rabbit skin from hydrocarbon ointment base (white petrolatum) was evaluated using a diffusion cell. The effects of Tween 80, PKO, and its conversion products at various concentrations were evaluated.Results: The higher of the concentration of Tween 80 until 5%, the higher of the indomethacin penetration. However, at the concentration above 5%, the penetration was decreased with the increasing concentration of Tween 80 used. The amount of indomethacin penetrated increased with the increasing of the concentration of PKO and its conversion products used. Hydrolyzed product showed the higher indomethacin penetration enhancing effect than PKO. Transesterificated product showed the highest penetration enhancing effect. However, the combination of Tween 80 with transesterificated product showed lower penetration enhancing effect compared to transesterificated product only.Conclusion: Tween 80 at low concentrations, PKO, and its conversion products could be used to enhance indomethacin penetration.

scholarly journals Hydrogeochemical Assessment of Groundwater Quality and its Suitability for Irrigation and Domestic Purposes in Rural Areas, North of Baiji City-Iraq

2021 ◽  
pp. 2296-2306
Author(s):  
Mahmood F. Abed ◽  
Ghazi Zarraq ◽  
Salwa H. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Ionic Exchange ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Gibbs Model ◽  
Hydrogeochemical Facies ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Groundwater Wells

Background: The present study was conducted to highlight the importance of environmental pollution and its negative impacts on aquatic, plants and animals lives, especially in industrial areas. Objective: This research involved studying the hydrogeochemistry of the groundwater and assessing its quality for irrigation and domestic purposes using quality parameters.  In this study, 33 groundwater samples were collected from wells during May 2013 and were analyzed for major ions and TDS. Results: The hydrogeochemical facies of groundwater were identified using the Gibbs model and Chloro – alkaline  indices. The results of the Gibbs graph suggest that groundwater chemistry is controlled by evaporation factors. It was found that the values of chloro – alkaline  indices were positive, indicating ionic exchange between Na+ in groundwater with Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the aquifer material. Conclusion: The current study of corrosivity ratio showed that groundwater wells are unsuitable for domestic uses.

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