scholarly journals Facile Synthesis of Silica Composites with Oil Sorption Efficiency from a Vital Agricultural Waste of Corn Stalk Cultivated in Bishoftu, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
M. Kamaraj ◽  
Sudarshan Kamble ◽  
S. V. R. K. N. Sonia
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Corn Stalk ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
Oil Removal ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Amorphous Nature ◽  
Oil Adsorption ◽  
Oil Spill Cleanup

This study is attempted to extract the amorphous silica composites using the combined HNO3 leaching-calcination (600°C/6 h) method from corn stalk harvested in Bishoftu, Ethiopia, owning to its profuse dumping, less cost, and negative environmental implications. The resultant composite characteristics such as amorphous nature are connected via the grain boundary which produces an agglomerated structure that has a disordered morphology, and the presence of siloxane and silanol groups, as well as additional functional groups, is reported. The synthesized product is applied in the removal of oil from synthetic oily wastewater (SYOWW) using batch mode delivering a maximum oil removal of up to 99%. The outcome of the study features the potential acclimatization of the Ethiopian corn stalk as a substitute precursor for the production of silica composites which has a potential oil adsorption capacity that can be used for oil spill cleanup.

Investigation of organic materials nature on petrol removal from water surfacee

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
I.V. Bacherikova ◽  
◽  
S.B. Grinenko ◽  
L.S. Kuznetsova ◽  
V.O. Zazhigalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Oil Removal ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Oil Adsorption ◽  
Positive Results

The properties of some organic materials in the removal of oil from water area were studied. It was shown that available materials as technical wool and sintepon can be used as effective sorbents for petroleum removal from water area. The sample mechanical wringing of these sorbents permits to return the part of adsorbed oil for its next use. The dependence of sorption properties (the adsorbed petroleum mass, specific oil adsorption, return of the oil and selectivity of petroleum removal) and petroleum removal from the number of absorption-release cycles was established. It was established that quantity of adsorbed oil decreases in other next step of removal but mass of oil returned increases in the process of mechanical wringing. The regeneration of these adsorbents by flushing in gasoline permits to obtained the initial properties in oil removal from water area. The sorption elements in the form of bags from linen with these materials were prepared. The dependence of the amount of oil removed by these sorption elements from the time of oil clearing of the water area process was determined and the optimal parameters of petroleum removal were established. It was shown that sorption elements on the base of these materials have adsorption capacity equal to 14-16 g of petroleum/g sorbent at selectivity of petroleum removal more than 70 % and oil recovery degree more than 80 % and the possibility their reusable use on oil spill response. The obtained positive results of oil removal from water area permit to propose in extreme cases of oil spills the available industrial products as jerseys, blankest, jackets etc. use successfully for petroleum spill response. The hydrophobization of these elements permits to improve their properties in oil removal from water area. As results of sorption elements modification the increase of adsorbed oil mass and specific petroleum removal at simultaneous increase of returned oil quantity for its next use and oil removal selectivity were established. It was established that synthesized sorption elements not inferior in properties known industrial sorbents for oil removal from water area.

Preparation of a New Inorganic-Organic Composite Dual-Coagulant and Application of Oily Wastewater Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 523-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Jiang Ma ◽  
Mei Ling Fu ◽  
Fang Wen Li ◽  
Nian Fen Wu ◽  
Juan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
Oil Removal ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Coagulation Performance ◽  
Oily Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Scanning Electron

A new inorganic-organic composite dual-coagulant (PAFC-CPAM) was prepared by polyaluminum ferric chloride (PAFC) and cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) and its treatment efficiency for oily wastewater was evaluated by coagulation jar tests. PAFC-CPAM dual-coagulants were characterized by FT-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The FTIR spectra illustrated that there were some chemical reactions between PAFC and CPAM in PAFC-CPAM. SEM micrographs testified that PAFC-CPAM formed compact net structure which is different from PAFC and CPAM, resulting to its outstanding coagulation performance other than monomeric coagulant in treating oily wastewater. Coagulation jar tests presented that PAFC-CPAM improved 1.14% and 0.38% of oil removal rate and reduced 0.35NTU and 0.06NTU of residual turbidity than PAFC and CPAM respectively at the optimal dosage of 120mg/L. PAFC-CPAM enhanced 4.56% and 2.12% of oil removal efficiency and decreased 0.27NTU and 0.01NTU of residual turbidity on average in comparison with PAFC and CPAM respectively in the pH range of 4.0-8.0. All of above-mentioned experiment results demonstrated that PAFC-CPAM behaved superior coagulation performance than PAFC and CPAM.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Crystal Violet onto an Agricultural Waste Residue: Kinetics, Isotherm, Thermodynamics, and Mechanism of Adsorption

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilyasse Loulidi ◽  
Fatima Boukhlifi ◽  
Mbarka Ouchabi ◽  
Abdelouahed Amar ◽  
Maria Jabri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Almond Shell ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Crystal Violet Dye ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency

Agricultural waste can be exploited for the adsorption of dyes, due to their low cost, availability, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency. In this study, we were interested in the elimination of crystal violet dye, from aqueous solutions, by adsorption on almond shell-based material, as a low-cost and ecofriendly adsorbent. The almond shells were first analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction; then, the influence of adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration time, and pH were studied to assess adsorption capacity under optimal experimental conditions. Experimental results indicate that almond shell adsorbent removes about 83% of the dye from the solutions at room temperature and in batch mode; the kinetic study showed that the equilibrium time is about 90 min, and the model of pseudo-second order could very well describe adsorption kinetics. The modulation of adsorption isotherms showed that retention follows the Langmuir model. The thermodynamic study has shown that the adsorption is endothermic (ΔH° > 0) and spontaneous (ΔG° < 0).

CLEANUP OPERATIONS AFTER THE 1976 SS SANSINENA EXPLOSIONAN INDUSTRIAL PERSPECTIVE

1979 ◽  
Vol 1979 (1) ◽  
pp. 429-434
Author(s):  
John H. Hutchison
Keyword(s):  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Oil Removal ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Boat Traffic ◽  
Job Site ◽  
And Control ◽  
Oil Spill Cleanup ◽  
Harbor Area

ABSTRACT This paper outlines the efforts made for oil spill cleanup and control following the explosion on the SS Sansinena. It describes the layout and conditions encountered in the harbor area, such as prolonged exposure to fire, interaction with salvage operations, and ship and pleasure boat traffic. The main problem encountered was the fact that the fuel oil aboard was heavier than water, and hence sank to the bottom of the 60-foot-deep ship channel when the tanks ruptured. The methods and equipment employed in recovering the oil from the channel are described indicating the relative advantages and disadvantages. Some of the problems included visibility in deep water, methods to maximize oil in the pump effluent, and separation of oil and water at the job site. Additionally, the long period (120 days) required to operate booms and other gear at the site required logistics and maintenance support not normally encountered. Cleanup and oil removal services were also utilized during the salvage and removal of the ship which was cut into segments that were either towed away or lifted onto barges for movement to a scrap yard.

Quantitative Evaluation of Mechanical Oil Spill Cleanup Devices

1973 ◽  
Vol 1973 (1) ◽  
pp. 627-633
Author(s):  
J. J. Der ◽  
Douglas J. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Present Method ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
Oil Removal ◽  
Open Area ◽  
Preliminary Screening ◽  
Accurate Performance ◽  
Oil Spill Cleanup ◽  
Final Selection ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT A systematic quantitative method has been developed which can be used for preliminary screening and with the availability of more accurate performance data, used for final evaluation and selection of candidate oil removal devices. This method has been applied to various types of devices available commercially. Although the lack of precision in available performance data precludes selection between devices with close rating, an outstanding score of a device under the present method is an indication of its potential for further study or development. The result shows that for confined area operation inverted belts and a saucer weir with hydro-adjusting feature have high potential. A system based on the mechanized recovery of polyurethane foam rated high for the open area operation. The effectiveness indices for all of the open area devices considered fall in a narrow range, however, and final selection must be based on more accurate data from field and wave tank tests.

A Study on Mechanical Lubricant Wastewater Treatment by Carbonized Rice Husk

2012 ◽  
Vol 588-589 ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Yue Fang Chen ◽  
Si Yu Xu ◽  
Hao Guo ◽  
Hao Xu ◽  
Xiao Yan Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Oil Removal ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
Static Tests ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Oily Waste

After carbonized at different temperatures, agricultural waste-rice-husk, becomes carbonized, which has further been modified at different pH values. Through some static tests, we studied the treatment efficiency for the wastewater--containing mechanical lubricants- by the carbonized rice husk at different amounts of carbonized rice husk, different treatment times and different processing temperatures. The results showed that the optimal carbonization temperature of the rice husk is around 500°C, and the pH modification’s impact was not notable. The optimal conditions of the treatment of wastewater containing 10% mechanical lubricant (volume percentage, made by Shell), were found at the amount of 6g/l carbonized rice husk, with the processing time of 15 min, and the temperature of 15°C. Under that condition, the oil removal rate could reach 88.38% and adsorption capacity of the carbonized rice husk is 22.32ml/g; however, when referring to Mobil (model: 20W-40), the oil removal rate could reach 94.24%, which is considerably superior to other kinds adsorbents. Treatment of oily wastewater by carbonized rice husk is in conformity with the second order kinetic equation, and the related coefficient is 0.9671; besides, the adsorption thermodynamic analysis shows that the adsorption process can be spontaneous at the low temperature, which therefore can be used for the oily waste water treatment.

Préparation d'un substrat de culture pour le strophaire (Stropharia rugoso-annulata) par trempage de résidus ligno-cellulosiques agricoles

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michèle Bonenfant-Magné ◽  
Christian Magné ◽  
Cécile Lemoine
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Corn Stalk ◽  
Fungal Contamination ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Content ◽  
High Contamination Rate ◽  
First Time

Because of the enzymatic make-up of Stropharia, a cultivated and edible mushroom, it is capable of using agricultural wastes as substrates for growth. Different substrates and methods of preparation are compared in order to improve the resistance of the mushroom to fungal contamination by reducing soluble carbon and nitrogen content. The substrates (wheat straw, corn stalk, or wastes from pea plants) were soaked at various temperatures and durations in order to eliminate soluble nutrients. High temperatures are more efficient for a rapid depletion of free nitrogen compounds. The best substrate used for the first time in mushroom cultivation was the agricultural waste from Pisum. Because of its naturally high content of soluble nutrients, this substrate needs to be soaked in hot water to reduce contaminations. Yields of Stropharia (220 g/kg) are higher and more regular than those obtained on conventional substrate (straw). On corn stalk, a high contamination rate was found, as well as relatively poor yields.Key words: mushroom, Stropharia, substrate, waste, yield, fungal contamination.

scholarly journals Insight into Equilibrium and Kinetics of the Binding of Cadmium Ions on Radiation-Modified Straw from Oryza sativa

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Zulfiqar Ali ◽  
Makshoof Athar ◽  
Umar Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Salman
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Adsorption Mechanism ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Uptake Capacity ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Equilibrium Study ◽  
Equilibrium And Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Insight Into

The present study reports the chemical modification of agricultural waste (rice straw) with urea using microwave radiation and the efficiency evaluation of this modified rice straw for the adsorption of a toxic heavy metal, cadmium. The elemental analysis of urea modified rice straw affirmed urea grafting on rice straw, and FTIR spectra of chemically benign modified adsorbent showed the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl, and amino functional groups. Effects of process parameters (adsorbent dosage, contact time, agitation speed, pH, and temperature) were studied in batch mode. Parameters were optimized for the equilibrium study, and adsorption mechanism was elucidated using five mathematical models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Harkin-Jura, and Dubinin-Radushkevich). Binding of Cd(II) ions on modified adsorbent followed Langmuir model, and the maximum uptake capacity was found to be 20.70 mg g−1. Kinetic modeling was done using six different kinetic models. The process was considered physisorption according to the obtained activation energy value. Thermodynamic parameters confirmed the process to be favorable and feasible. Exothermic nature of adsorption of Cd(II) ions on urea modified rice straw was confirmed by the negative value of ΔH°.

A facile synthesis of a highly stable superhydrophobic nanofibrous film for effective oil/water separation

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (85) ◽  
pp. 82352-82358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Kong ◽  
Junming Zhang ◽  
Xuepin Liao ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
Bi Shi
Keyword(s):  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water

An oil/water separation film with excellent durability and stable recyclability is highly desired for the treatment of oil containing effluents, like industrial oily wastewater.

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