scholarly journals A Biological Insight into the Susceptibility to Influenza Infection in Junior Rats by Comprehensive Analysis of lncRNA Profiles

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fen-Sheng Qiu ◽  
Hao-Kun Chen ◽  
Hua-Zhong Ying ◽  
Wen-Ying Yu ◽  
Mei-Ying Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Cerna Network ◽  
Infection Susceptibility ◽  
Infected Adult ◽  
Biological Insight

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to participate in regulating many biological processes, including immune response to influenza A virus (IAV). However, the association between lncRNA expression profiles and influenza infection susceptibility has not been well elucidated. Here, we analyzed the expression profiles of lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs among IAV-infected adult rat (IAR), normal adult rat (AR), IAV-infected junior rat (IJR), and normal junior rat (JR) by RNA sequencing. Compared with differently expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) between AR and IAR, 24 specific DElncRNAs were found between IJR and JR. Then, based on the fold changes and P value, the top 5 DElncRNAs, including 3 upregulated and 2 downregulated lncRNAs, were chosen to establish a ceRNA network for further disclosing their regulatory mechanisms. To visualize the differentially expressed genes in the ceRNA network, GO and KEGG pathway analysis was performed to further explore their roles in influenza infection of junior rats. The results showed that the downregulated DElncRNA-target genes were mostly enriched in the IL-17 signaling pathway. It indicated that the downregulated lncRNAs conferred the susceptibility of junior rats to IAV via mediating the IL-17 signaling pathway.

Dysregulation of tRNA-derived small RNAs and their potential roles in lupus nephritis

Lupus ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 096120332110614
Author(s):  
Yan Liang ◽  
Ji Zhang ◽  
Wenxian Qiu ◽  
Bo Chen ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Clinical Indicators ◽  
Qrt Pcr

Objective Lupus nephritis (LN) is a major end-organ complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and the molecular mechanism of LN is not completely clear. Accumulating pieces of evidence indicate the potential vital role of tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) in human diseases. Current study aimed to investigate the potential roles of tsRNAs in LN. Methods We herein employed high‐throughput sequencing to screen the expression profiles of tsRNAs in renal tissues of the LN and control groups. To validate the sequencing data, we performed quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. Correlational analysis of verified tsRNAs expression and clinical indicators was conducted using linear regression. The potential target genes were also predicted. The biological functions of tsRNAs were annotated by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Results Our findings revealed that the expression profiles of tsRNAs were significantly altered in the kidney tissues from LN patients compared with control. Overall, 160 tsRNAs were significantly dysregulated in the LN group, of which 79 were upregulated, whereas 81 were downregulated. Subsequent qRT-PCR results confirmed the different expression of candidate tsRNAs. Correlation analysis results found that expression of verified tsRNAs were correlated to clinical indicators. The target prediction results revealed that verified tsRNAs might act on 712 target genes. Further bioinformatics analysis uncovered tsRNAs might participate in the pathogenesis of LN through several associated pathways, including cell adhesion molecules, MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and B cell receptor signaling pathway. Conclusion This study provides a novel insight for studying the mechanism of LN.

scholarly journals RNA-Seq Reveals the Expression Profiles of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Lactating Mammary Gland from Two Sheep Breeds with Divergent Milk Phenotype

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1565
Author(s):  
Zhiyun Hao ◽  
Yuzhu Luo ◽  
Jiqing Wang ◽  
Jiang Hu ◽  
Xiu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Wnt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a kind of non-coding RNA with >200 nucleotides in length. Some lncRNAs have been proven to have clear regulatory functions in many biological processes of mammals. However, there have been no reports on the roles of lncRNAs in ovine mammary gland tissues. In the study, the expression profiles of lncRNAs were studied using RNA-Seq in mammary gland tissues from lactating Small-Tailed Han (STH) ewes and Gansu Alpine Merino (GAM) ewes with different milk yield and ingredients. A total of 1894 lncRNAs were found to be expressed. Compared with the GAM ewes, the expression levels of 31 lncRNAs were significantly up-regulated in the mammary gland tissues of STH ewes, while 37 lncRNAs were remarkably down-regulated. Gene Ontogeny (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis found that the target genes of differentially expressed lncRNAs were enriched in the development and proliferation of mammary epithelial cells, morphogenesis of mammary gland, ErbB signaling pathway, and Wnt signaling pathway. Some miRNA sponges of differentially expressed lncRNAs, reported to be associated with lactation and mammary gland morphogenesis, were found in a lncRNA-miRNA network. This study reveals comprehensive lncRNAs expression profiles in ovine mammary gland tissues, thereby providing a further understanding of the functions of lncRNAs in the lactation and mammary gland development of sheep.

Distinct IL-4-induced gene expression, proliferation, and intracellular signaling in germinal center B-cell-like and activated B-cell-like diffuse large-cell lymphomas

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 105 (7) ◽  
pp. 2924-2932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqing Lu ◽  
Hovav Nechushtan ◽  
Feiying Ding ◽  
Manuel F. Rosado ◽  
Rakesh Singal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Germinal Center ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
High Expression ◽  
Germinal Center B Cell

AbstractDiffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) can be subclassified into germinal center B-cell (GCB)-like and activated B-cell (ABC)-like tumors characterized by long and short survival, respectively. In contrast to ABC-like DLBCL, GCB-like tumors exhibit high expression of components of the interleukin 4 (IL-4) signaling pathway and of IL-4 target genes such as BCL6 and HGAL, whose high expression independently predicts better survival. These observations suggest distinct activity of the IL-4 signaling pathway in DLBCL subtypes. Herein, we demonstrate similar IL-4 expression but qualitatively different IL-4 effects on GCB-like and ABC-like DLBCL. In GCB-like DLBCL, IL-4 induces expression of its target genes, activates signal transducers and activators of transcription 6 (STAT6) signaling, and increases cell proliferation. In contrast, in the ABC-like DLBCL, IL-4 activates AKT, decreases cell proliferation by cell cycle arrest, and does not induce gene expression due to aberrant Janus kinase (JAK)-STAT6 signaling attributed to STAT6 dephosphorylation. We found distinct expression profiles of tyrosine phosphatases in DLBCL subtypes and identified putative STAT6 tyrosine phosphatases—protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 1 (PTPN1) and PTPN2, whose expression is significantly higher in ABC-like DLBCL. These differences in tyrosine phosphatase expression might underlie distinct expression profiles of some of the IL-4 target genes and could contribute to a different clinical outcome of patients with GCB-like and ABC-like DLBCLs.

scholarly journals Identification of hydatidosis-related modules and key regulatory genes

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9280
Author(s):  
Jijun Song ◽  
Mingxin Song
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Differential Expression Analysis ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Regulatory Effects

Background Echinococcosis caused by larval of Echinococcus is prevalent all over the world. Although clinical experience showed that the presence of tapeworms could not be found in liver lesions, the repeated infection and aggravation of lesions still occur in the host. Here, this study constructed a multifactor-driven disease-related dysfunction network to explore the potential molecular pathogenesis mechanism in different hosts after E.multilocularis infection. Method First, iTRAQ sequencing was performed on human liver infected with E.multilocularis. Second, obtained microRNAs(miRNAs) expression profiles of humans and canine infected with Echinococcus from the GEO database. In addition, we also performed differential expression analysis, protein interaction network analysis, enrichment analysis, and crosstalk analysis to obtain genes and modules related to E.multilocularis infection. Pivot analysis is used to calculate the potential regulatory effects of multiple factors on the module and identify related non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs) and transcription factors(TFs). Finally, we screened the target genes of miRNAs of Echinococcus to further explore its infection mechanism. Results A total of 267 differentially expressed proteins from humans and 3,635 differentially expressed genes from canine were obtained. They participated in 16 human-related dysfunction modules and five canine-related dysfunction modules, respectively. Both human and canine dysfunction modules are significantly involved in BMP signaling pathway and TGF-beta signaling pathway. In addition, pivot analysis found that 1,129 ncRNAs and 110 TFs significantly regulated human dysfunction modules, 158 ncRNAs and nine TFs significantly regulated canine dysfunction modules. Surprisingly, the Echinococcus miR-184 plays a role in the pathogenicity regulation by targeting nine TFs and one ncRNA in humans. Similarly, miR-184 can also cause physiological dysfunction by regulating two transcription factors in canine. Conclusion The results show that the miRNA-184 of Echinococcus can regulate the pathogenic process through various biological functions and pathways. The results laid a solid theoretical foundation for biologists to further explore the pathogenic mechanism of Echinococcosis.

scholarly journals Differential Expression Profiles of lncRNA Following LPS-Induced Inflammation in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Peng Wang ◽  
Qi-Chao Hu ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Zhuo-Ma Luoreng ◽  
Xing-Ping Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Epithelial Cell Lines

Bovine mastitis is an inflammatory response of mammary glands caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli (E. coli). As a key virulence factor of E. coli, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers innate immune responses via activation of the toll-like-receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway. However, the molecular regulatory network of LPS-induced bovine mastitis has yet to be fully mapped. In this study, bovine mammary epithelial cell lines MAC-T were exposed to LPS for 0, 6 and 12 h to assess the expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) using RNA-seq. Differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) were filtered out of the raw data for subsequent analyses. A total of 2,257 lncRNAs, including 210 annotated and 2047 novel lncRNAs were detected in all samples. A large proportion of lncRNAs were present in a high abundance, and 112 DElncRNAs were screened out at different time points. Compared with 0 h, there were 22 up- and 25 down-regulated lncRNAs in the 6 h of post-infection (hpi) group, and 27 up- and 22 down-regulated lncRNAs in the 12 hpi group. Compared with the 6 hpi group, 32 lncRNAs were up-regulated and 25 lncRNAs were down-regulated in the 12 hpi group. These DElncRNAs are involved in the regulation of a variety of immune-related processes including inflammatory responses bMECs exposed to LPS. Furthermore, lncRNA TCONS_00039271 and TCONS_00139850 were respectively significance down- and up-regulated, and their target genes involve in regulating inflammation-related signaling pathways (i.e.,Notch, NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K-Akt and mTOR signaling pathway), thereby regulating the occurrence and development of E. coli mastitis. This study provides a resource for lncRNA research on the molecular regulation of bovine mastitis

scholarly journals Identification of miRNA-mRNA Crosstalk in Respiratory Syncytial Virus- (RSV-) Associated Pediatric Pneumonia through Integrated miRNAome and Transcriptome Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Feng Huang ◽  
Diyuan Yang ◽  
Tao Peng ◽  
Gen Lu
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Pediatric Pneumonia ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common respiratory virus and is associated with pediatric pneumonia, causing bronchiolitis and significant mortality in infants and young children. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous noncoding small RNAs that function in gene regulation and are associated with host immune response and disease progression. In the present study, we profiled the global transcriptome and miRNAome of whole blood samples from children with mild or severe RSV-associated pneumonia, aiming to identify the potential biomarkers and investigate the molecular mechanisms of severe RSV-associated pediatric pneumonia. We found that expression profiles of whole blood microRNAs and mRNAs were altered and distinctly different in children with severe RSV-associated pneumonia. In particular, the four most significantly upregulated miRNAs in children with severe RSV-associated pneumonia were hsa-miR-1271-5p, hsa-miR-10a-3p, hsa-miR-125b-5p, and hsa-miR-30b-3p. The severe RSV-associated pneumonia-specific differentially expressed miRNA target interaction network was also contrasted. These target genes were further analyzed with Gene Ontology enrichment analysis. We found that most of the target genes were involved in inflammatory and immune responses, including the NF-κB signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, and T cell receptor signaling. Our findings will contribute to the identification of biomarkers and new drug design strategies to treat severe RSV-associated pediatric pneumonia.

Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targets for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Exosome-Derived Competitive Endogenous RNA Network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Tian ◽  
Dongliang Yang ◽  
Tieshan Wang ◽  
He Bu ◽  
JinBao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Cerna Network ◽  
Differentially Expressed Mirnas ◽  
Competitive Endogenous Rna

Abstract Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most malignant tumors in the world. The pathogenesis of HCC is complex and closely related to chronic uncontrollable inflammation. As a bridge between inflammation and cancer, circulating exosomes play a vital role in early tumorigenesis, metastasis, and immune escape. Studies have shown that exosomes containing specific RNAs may be potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for HCC. Purpose The current research investigated key circRNA through exosome-derived competitive endogenous RNA network based on the ExoRBase database. Methods: The circRNA, lncRNA, and mRNA expression profiles of human blood samples were downloaded from the ExoRBase database. At the standard of P<0.05 and log FC>0, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were further identified between normal human and HCC patients. The co-expressed pairs of DEGs were predicted by TargetScan, miRcode, and StarBase databases. The ceRNA network was constructed by Cytoscape software. Subsequently, target genes corresponding to circRNA in the ceRNA network were annotated and analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG). The potential transcription factors were screened by FunRich database. Results: At the criterion of P<0.05 and log FC>0, 13 differentially expressed circRNAs(DECs) were identified with 9 up-regulated and 4 down-regulated. The co-expressed differentially expressed miRNAs-mRNAs (DEMis-DEMs) (620 pairs), differentially expressed miRNAs- LncRNAs (DEMis-DElncRNA) (684 pairs) and DEMis-DECs (53 pairs) were finally predicted to construct the ceRNA network. The GO analysis indicated that target genes in the ceRNA network were mainly enriched in the molecular function of protein serine/threonine kinase activity. KEGG pathway analysis suggested target genes were enriched in two pathways of MAPK and central carbon metabolism. Conclusion: The study provides a valuable reference for HCC through the ceRNA network in exosomes. Besides, hsa_circ_0000284 may be potential diagnostic markers of HCC.

scholarly journals Boolean Modeling of Cellular and Molecular Pathways Involved in Influenza Infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Anderson ◽  
Marta L. DeDiego ◽  
David J. Topham ◽  
Juilee Thakar
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Boolean Model ◽  
Boolean Logic

Systems virology integrates host-directed approaches with molecular profiling to understand viral pathogenesis. Self-contained statistical approaches that combine expression profiles of genes with the available databases defining the genes involved in the pathways (gene-sets) have allowed characterization of predictive gene-signatures associated with outcome of the influenza virus (IV) infection. However, such enrichment techniques do not take into account interactions among pathways that are responsible for the IV infection pathogenesis. We investigate dendritic cell response to seasonal H1N1 influenza A/New Caledonia/20/1999 (NC) infection and infer the Boolean logic rules underlying the interaction network of ligand induced signaling pathways and transcription factors. The model reveals several novel regulatory modes and provides insights into mechanism of cross talk between NFκB and IRF mediated signaling. Additionally, the logic rule underlying the regulation of IL2 pathway that was predicted by the Boolean model was experimentally validated. Thus, the model developed in this paper integrates pathway analysis tools with the dynamic modeling approaches to reveal the regulation between signaling pathways and transcription factors using genome-wide transcriptional profiles measured upon influenza infection.

scholarly journals Construction and Analysis of Competing Endogenous RNA Networks for Breast Cancer Based on TCGA Dataset

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Wang ◽  
Chundi Gao ◽  
Fubin Feng ◽  
Jing Zhuang ◽  
Lijuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Competing Endogenous Rna ◽  
Cerna Network ◽  
Competing Endogenous Rnas ◽  
Tcga Dataset

Background. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as competing endogenous RNAs for microRNAs in cancer metastasis. However, the roles of lncRNA-mediated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks for breast cancer (BC) are still unclear. Material and Methods. The expression profiles of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs with BC were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis was conducted to extract differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) that might be core genes. Through miRWalk, TargetScan, and miRDB to predict the target genes, an abnormal lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network with BC was constructed. The survival possibilities of mRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs for patients with BC were determined by Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Oncomine. Results. We identified 2134 DEmRNAs, 1059 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), and 86 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs). We then compose a ceRNA network for BC, including 72 DElncRNAs, 8 DEmiRNAs, and 12 DEmRNAs. After verification, 2 lncRNAs (LINC00466, LINC00460), 1 miRNA (Hsa-mir-204), and 5 mRNAs (TGFBR2, CDH2, CHRDL1, FGF2, and CHL1) were meaningful as prognostic biomarkers for BC patients. In the ceRNA network, we found that three axes were present in 10 RNAs related to the prognosis of BC, namely, LINC00466-Hsa-mir-204-TGFBR2, LINC00466-Hsa-mir-204-CDH2, and LINC00466-Hsa-mir-204-CHRDL1. Conclusion. This study highlighted lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA related to the pathogenesis of BC, which might be used for latent diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BC.

scholarly journals Bioinformatics Analysis of ceRNA Network Related to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Yuanqi Li ◽  
Yong Tan
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Type I ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Cerna Network

Introduction. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is caused by the hormonal environment in utero, abnormal metabolism, and genetics, and it is common in women of childbearing age. A large number of studies have reported that lncRNA is important to the biological process of cancer and can be used as a potential prognostic biomarker. Thus, we studied lncRNAs’ roles in PCOS in this article. Methods. We obtained mRNAs’, miRNAs’, and lncRNAs’ expression profiles in PCOS specimens and normal specimens from the National Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Comprehensive Center database. The EdgeR software package is used to distinguish the differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs. Functional enrichment analysis was carried out by the clusterProfiler R Package, and the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction ceRNA network was built in Cytoscape plug-in BiNGO and Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integration Discovery (DAVID), respectively. Results. We distinguished differentially expressed RNAs, including 1087 lncRNAs, 14 miRNAs, and 566 mRNAs in PCOS. Among them, 410 lncRNAs, 11 miRNAs, and 185 mRNAs were contained in the ceRNA regulatory network. The outcomes from Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that the differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs) were mainly enriched in response to the maternal process involved in female pregnancy, morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium, and the intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis data showed that DEMs were primarily enriched in pathways related to the TGF-β signaling pathway, Type I diabetes mellitus, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. In addition, we chose NONHSAT123397, ENST00000564619, and NONHSAT077997 as key lncRNAs due to their high bearing on PCOS. Conclusion. ceRNA networks play an important role in PCOS. The research indicated that specific lncRNAs were related to PCOS development. NONHSAT123397, ENST00000564619, and NONHSAT077997 could be regarded as potential diagnostic mechanisms and biomarkers for PCOS. This discovery might provide more effective and more novel insights into the mechanisms of PCOS worthy of further exploration.

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