scholarly journals The Use of Hall’s Technique Preformed Metal Crown (HTPMC) by Pediatric Dentists in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Fabiha Jesmin ◽  
Aimi Kamarudin ◽  
Fadzlinda Baharin ◽  
Wan Muhamad Amir Bin W. Ahmad ◽  
Mahmud Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Primary Molar ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Inadequate Information ◽  
Pediatric Dentists ◽  
Caries Removal ◽  
Tooth Preparation ◽  
The University

Introduction. Hall’s technique preformed metal crown (HTPMC) has been used widely by pediatric dentists in developed countries as a new approach for managing decayed primary molars without local anesthesia, caries removal, and tooth preparation. Currently, inadequate information is available regarding the implementation of this technique (HTPMC) in Malaysia. This study is aimed at evaluating the implementation of HTPMC by Malaysia’s pediatric dentists and identify the co-occurrence frequencies of the HTPMC implementation with the respondents’ demographic profile. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based research was conducted among 65 pediatric dentists in Malaysia. Online questionnaires were distributed to the pediatric dentists employed at public hospitals (MOH) and universities in Malaysia. Result. It was found that over half of the respondents (65.6%) employed HTPMC. The analysis of the co-occurrence network frequency revealed that a high frequency of female pediatric dentists who were within the age group of 31-40 years old had fulfilled their postgraduation overseas and was employed in the university mainly applied HTPMC. Conclusion. The application of HTPMC among respondent pediatric dentists in Malaysia was high. However, most respondents considered HTPMC a treatment option only to manage carious primary molar rather than a treatment of choice.

scholarly journals Knowledge and (Ab)Use in Connection with Novel Psychoactive Substances: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Iraqi Medical Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al-Imam ◽  
Farah Al-Mukhtar ◽  
Aisha Shafiq ◽  
Manolia Irfan ◽  
Mustafa M Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Novel Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The University

BACKGROUND: The extent of (ab)use of the Novel Psychoactive substances has been thoroughly mapped in the developed world, particularly in the US, Canada, UK, Western Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. However, there are still untapped geographic locations particularly in the developing world including the Middle East.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is observational in nature and cross-sectional in design; it is based on a survey that will aim is to estimate the level of knowledge and the extent of (ab)use of psychoactive substances, traditional and novel, in a population of undergraduate medical students from Iraq. There will be an implementation of inferential statistical analyses for the purpose of hypothesis testing. Ethical approvals were granted from the College of Medicine at the University of Baghdad and the University of Hertfordshire.RESULTS: There was some degree of knowledge in connection with psychoactive substances among a population of medical students. However, the extent of (ab)use is still minimal when compared to that of the developed countries. In general, the knowledge and the extent of NPS (ab)use did not vary substantially as the students progressed through the medical college.CONCLUSION: The use of observational analytic tools for assessing the diffusion of the phenomenon of psychoactive and novel psychoactive substances is indispensable. The extent of knowledge and (ab)use of NPS in the Middle East may still be considered minute or insignificant. Further analyses are required in the Middle East; different populations are to be targeted including; students, academics, researchers, medical and paramedical staff, psychiatric patients, prisoners, military and para-military organisations, and even terrorists.

scholarly journals Violence against Nurses: A Neglected and Healththreatening Epidemic in the University Affiliated Public Hospitals in Shiraz, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnam Honarvar ◽  
Nima Ghazanfari ◽  
Hadi Raeisi Shahraki ◽  
Sara Rostami ◽  
Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Verbal Abuse ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
The University ◽  
Evening Shift

Background: Nurses are more likely to be exposed to violence at their workplace in comparison with other employees. Objective: To determine various aspects of violence against nurses in Shiraz public hospitals. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 2017 to 2018, using a multistage random sampling method. Violence including verbal threats, verbal abuse, physical and sexual abuse as well as ethnical types, violence from patients, patients' companions and coworkers, and causes of violence were investigated using a checklist. Results: 405 nurses with a mean age of 30.2 (SD 7.1) years and female to male ratio of 4.2 were interviewed. 363 (89.6%) nurses had experienced at least one kind of violence; 68.4% suffered from more than one type of violence. Verbal abuse (83.9%), verbal threats (27.6%), physical violence (21.4%), sexual abuse (10.8%), and ethnical harassment (6.1%) were the most common types of violence experienced by the nurses. Patients' companions, patients, and physicians were reported as the sources of violence in 70.6%, 43.1%, and 4.1% of cases, respectively. Nurses with non-official employment status and non-Farsi ethnicity, having a disease, with non-evening shift work, and those with short or long employment period were more affected. Unrealistic expectations by patients' companions and long working hours were the most common attributing factors. Conclusion: Violence against nurses, as a strenuous and health-threatening crisis, has become epidemic in public hospitals in our region. Effective interventions are warranted to sort out these problems.

scholarly journals Microbial Ecology of Hospital Surfaces of Maternities in the Public Hospitals of Lubumbashi in the Democratic Republic of Congo

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate ◽  
The University

Introduction: in the health care milieu, germs can contaminate surfaces that are in contact with vulnerable anatomical sites. The study had as objectives to identify the nature of germs present on the hospital surfaces and to evaluate their resistance to antibiotics used in clinical practice in the maternity wards of public hospitals of Lubumbashi. Methods: The cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in seven maternities in January 2015. These maternities were chosen depending on whether they met the inclusion criteria. Data collection was performed by swabbing the surfaces in using ISO / DIS 14698-1. The sample analysis was achieved in the laboratory of the University clinics in Lubumbashi. Results: On 77 sampled and analyzed surfaces, 47 surfaces i.e., 61% have made one or several germs. Candida albicans was the most isolated on 20 surfaces i.e., 43% followed by Escherichia coli on 17 surfaces (36%), Staphylococcus aureus on 4 surfaces (9%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterococcus faecalis respectively on 2 surfaces (4%). Klebsiella oxytoca was found in the solution of Dakin reserved for disinfection in the operating room. The germs were multi-resistant to several antibiotics commonly used clinically in these maternities, including Amoxicillin, Ampicillin and the Augmentin (Amoxicillin + Clavulanate). Conclusion: We found a significant presence of multi-resistant germs on the hospital surfaces. We need to improve the biocleaning and good political use of antibiotics and disinfectants.

scholarly journals Green Care as Alternative Therapy: The Situation in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Evans Paul Kwame Ameade ◽  
Linda Ama Owusuaa Amoah ◽  
Benjamin Yeboah Ofori
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Animal Assisted Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
The University

Green care, an alternative healthcare system that involves the use of nature, is proven to be useful in the management of organic and psychological disorders worldwide. There are various forms of Green care including Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT), a type where animals play pivotal roles in the healing process and is widely used in many developed countries. We assessed the level of awareness and attitude towards Green care among medical students of Ghana. Using a cross-sectional study design and a semistructured questionnaire designed on Google Forms, data were collected from randomly selected 4th-, 5th-, and 6th-year medical students of the University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana. The data submitted by 206 of the students were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Version 25, and the results were presented as frequencies, percentages, and charts. The association between sociodemographic characteristics of respondents and awareness about Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT) was considered significant at p < 0.05 . The study found that only 7 (3.4%) of the medical students had ever heard of Green care while a higher number of 36 (17.5%) were aware of AAT mostly through movies and television. However, the majority, 122 (59.3%), had a positive attitude towards the introduction of AAT, into their medical training curriculum. Up to 146 (70.9%) of the respondents suggested lectures and practical sessions as their preferred way of acquiring knowledge and skills on AAT. Only the sex of the respondents was significantly associated with awareness of AAT, with females having a better awareness of AAT (28.6% vs. 11.0%, p = 0.003 ). We conclude that awareness of Green care practices among medical students in Ghana was highly inadequate, but the desire of the majority of them to acquire knowledge and skills in this proven alternative therapy makes its future use in Ghana promising.

scholarly journals E-Books Preference Compared to Print Books Based on Student Perceptions: A Case of University of Fort Hare Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Comfort Makwanya ◽  
Olabanji Oni
Keyword(s):  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Production Sharing ◽  
Print Books ◽  
Academic Information ◽  
University Of Fort Hare ◽  
The University

<p class="0abstract">Technology advent has been transforming students’ perceptions and preferences mostly on how they acquire information and learn. The way students perceive e-books and print books significantly influences the format they prefer to use for academic purposes. Recently, the accessibility of e-books on assorted mobile gadgets is substituting the conventional print based resources which are regarded costly in production, sharing and also heavy. Differing views on the format (e-book or print) that students prefer for academic purposes to improve their educational experience exist of which most studies have been done in developed countries. Therefore, a research that reveals students’ perceptions and preferences towards the two book formats in the nation of South Africa can afford a better understanding and conclusion on an African student. This study aimed to determine students’ preference on using e-books and print books in meeting academic information needs based on perceptions. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design and a questionnaire as a research instrument which was administered to students at the University of Fort Hare. Findings revealed that students preferred using both (e-books and print books) for their academic needs. Moreover, they perceived e-books to be as good as print books, easy and friendly to use and capable of providing sufficient information to meet educational needs.</p><p class="0keywords"> </p>

Assessing hospital quality management systems: evidence from Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Zarei ◽  
Soghra Karimi ◽  
Soad Mahfoozpour ◽  
Sima Marzban
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Difference

Purpose A quality management system (QMS) is defined as interacting activities, methods and procedures used to monitor, control and improve service quality. The purpose of this paper is to describe the QMS status using the Quality Management System Index (QMSI) in hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti Medical Sciences University in Tehran, Iran. Design/methodology/approach In this cross-sectional study, 28 hospitals were investigated. A validated 46-item questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, independent student’s t-test and regression analysis. Findings The mean QMSI score was 18.4: 15.3 for public and 20.9 for non-public hospitals (p=0.001). The lowest (1.96) and the highest (2.14) scores related to “Quality policy documents” and “Quality monitoring by the board,” respectively. The difference between public and non-public hospitals was significant in all nine QMSI dimensions (p=0.001). The QMSI score was higher in non-public and small hospitals than in public and large ones (p=0.05). Originality/value Most QMS studies come from developed countries, and there is no systematic information about the mechanisms and processes involved in implementing QMS in developing countries like Iran. This is the first study on Iranian hospital QMS using a newly developed tool (QMSI), and results showed that QMS maturity in these hospitals was relatively good, but the non-public hospitals status (private and charity) was far better than public hospitals.

scholarly journals Identifying Factors Affecting of Cooperation Management between Charities and the Teaching Hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-259
Author(s):  
Seyed Mahmud Nayeri ◽  
Somayeh Hessam ◽  
Amir Ashkan Nasiripour ◽  
Katayoun Jahangiri
Keyword(s):  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Treatment Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The University

Objectives: One of the most important issues in the provision of health services in every country is providing the necessary resources for presenting these services. Cooperation between charity organizations and public hospitals is especially important as it can increase charity participation, facilitate public participation in the treatment area and develop hospital units. This study aimed was to identify factors affecting cooperation Management and designing a model of cooperation management between charities and the university hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive-analytical, cross-sectional and applied study was conducted in hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2019. The statistical population consisted of 411 people including managers, chiefs and deputies, contracting hospital experts and social workers, managers and lawyers of the university, trustees and managers and charity experts. The research sample consisted of 330 people who were selected through the stratified random sampling method. Data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The SPSS 18 and AMOS software were used to analyze the data. Results: The most effective contract pattern determinant had a path coefficient of 1.177, while the least effective current consumption expenditure determinant had a path coefficient of 0.530. Conclusion: The following steps are ways in which costs related to an inpatient department are guaranteed to be covered by a charity during the term of the contract: defining the criteria for selecting a charity to operate in a hospital, choosing a cooperative method and a contract template, determining the share of capital and current costs, and selecting the department type in the contract.  

scholarly journals Deciduous molar hypomineralization (DMH) – a rare entity and its clinical management approach

RSBO ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-07
Author(s):  
Priyanka Avisa ◽  
Sreekanth Kumar Mallinen ◽  
Rekhalakshmi Kamatham ◽  
Sivakumar Nuvvula
Keyword(s):  
Management Approach ◽  
Primary Molar ◽  
Full Coverage ◽  
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
Caries Removal ◽  
Tooth Preparation ◽  
Deciduous Molar ◽  
Normal Thickness

An idiopathic qualitative defect of enamel, affecting one or more of the permanent molars with/without permanent incisors is known as Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH). Similar defect on primary second molars is termed as deciduous molar hypomineralization (DMH). Case report and Conclusion: The prevalence rate of MIH and DMH worldwide is between 2.4%-40.2% and 4.9%-9.0% respectively. Clinically, these defects appear as white, yellow or brown spots, and surface is smooth with normal thickness of the enamel. Lack of quality in the enamel causes porosity that fractures easily under mastication, exposing the dentin, and further allows progression of caries. Hence, this condition should be diagnosed as early as possible for providing a preventive management against caries and avoid post eruptive breakdown. In addition, intervention with full coverage restoration is needful in the management of the affected teeth. Preformed metal crowns (PMCs) are recommended as the best full coverage restoration for managing primary molar teeth. The Hall Technique embraces changing concepts of managing, without local anesthesia, caries removal or tooth preparation. Management of teeth with DMH is challenging as it is quite difficult to achieve anesthesia and due to hypersensitivity, the co-operation of the child is questionable.

scholarly journals Adherence to Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Pregnancy with Sulfadoxine–Pyrimethamine and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Benin’s Public Hospitals.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aguemon Badirou ◽  
Damien Barikissou Georgia ◽  
Padonou Sètondji Géraud Roméo ◽  
Kouwanou Modeste Luc ◽  
Ouendo Edgard Marius
Keyword(s):  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
The University

Background: Gestational malaria is a public health problem, thus responsible for morbidity and mortality risk to both the foetus and the mother. The intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine during pregnancy (IPTp-SP) is one of the strategies recommended by the WHO to prevent this pathology and its consequences during pregnancy. In Benin, the adherence rate remains below the programmatic targets. This study aimed to identify the factors associated to the adherence to at least two IPTp-SP doses for postpartum women of the University Hospital HKM of Cotonou (CNHU-HKM) and the University Hospital for Mother and Child (CHU-MEL) of Cotonou. Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted over a 3-month-period, from July to September 2015 in the field of gynaecology and obstetrics departments of the two hospitals. All the mothers who had delivered and were still hospitalized at the time of the study were enrolled. Results: During their last pregnancy, 63.11% of women had taken at least two doses of IPTp-SP. Four determinants of adherence to the two IPTp-SP doses were associated to the adherence to two doses of IPTp-SP: i) adequate knowledge of the number of doses of SP to be taken during the pregnancy (p-value<0.0001), ii) participation in communication for social and behavioural change on IPTp-SP (p-value<0.0001), iii) adequate knowledge of the number of tablets per dose of SP (p-value=0.0100), and iv) comprehensive knowledge of malaria prevention measures during pregnancy (p-value=0.0200). Conclusion: Raising and improving women's knowledge on malaria are necessary to achieve ITPp-SP adherence. Particular emphasis should therefore be placed on communication for social and behavioural change for pregnant women, family decision-makers, community leaders and healthcare workers.

Hubungan Antara Anemia dan Kebiasaan Merokok pada Ibu Hamil dengan Kejadian BBLR di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang Tahun 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Intan Sari
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional

Low Birth Weight (LBW) is an infant born with a birth weight of less than 2500 grams regardless of gestation. Birth weight is the weight of the baby weighed in 1 hour after birth. (Depkes RI, 2009). Based on WHO and UNICEF data, in 2013 about 222 million babies were born in the world, of which 16% were born with low birth weight. The percentage of LBW in developing countries is 16.5% twice that of developed countries (7%) (Scholar Unand, 2014). The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between anemia and Smoking Habit in Pregnant Women with LBW occurrence in General Hospital Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang Year 2016. This research use analytical survey method with cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all mothers who gave birth monthly in Midwifery Installation of Dr. General Hospital Mohammad Hoesin Palembang in 2016 as many as 315 respondents. The sample of this research is some of mothers who give birth enough month in Midwifery Installation of Dr. General Hospital Mohammad Hoesin Palembang Year 2016 as many as 315 respondents. ". From the results of bivariate analysis of anemic respondents with the occurrence of LBW obtained statistical test X2 count = 23.22 which means there is a significant relationship between anemia with the incidence of BBLR. Respondents smoking with the occurrence of LBWR obtained statistical test X2 count = 41.20 which means there is a relationship Meaningful between smoking and LBW incidence. From the results of this study is expected that this research can be a reference material and is a complete information and useful for the development of knowledge about LBW.

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