scholarly journals A High-Sensitivity Method Based on Advanced Optical Waveguide Technology to Detect HBsAg

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Pingping Xiao ◽  
Xiaoxiong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Lower Region ◽  
Minimum Value ◽  
Guided Mode ◽  
Gray Area ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Sensitivity Method

A novel method for the detection of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) at low concentrations, using the ultrahigh-order guided mode acting as the probe excited by a symmetrical metal-cladding waveguide, is proposed. The method using the fact of the minimum value of the absorption peaks is proportional to the concentration of the sample to be detected to realize the detection of the hepatitis B virus at extremely low concentrations. It is realized that the low concentration of the HBsAg measurement relied on the principle of the minimum value of the absorption peak and the concentration having a good linear relationship. The measurement results indicate that this new method can precisely detect HBsAg at the concentrations in the lower region of the clinical gray area (i.e., below 20 ng/mL), the lower region of the current clinical gray area of HBsAg (below 20 ng/ml) can be measured, and the resolution can be reached (2 ng/mL).

Effects of Vancomycin on Platelets, Plasma Proteins and Hepatitis B Surface Antigen

1975 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 083-093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry S Coller ◽  
W. B Lundberg ◽  
Harvey R Gralnick
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Infusion Site ◽  
Vancomycin Therapy ◽  
Intravenous Injections ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Doses

SummaryThe antibiotic vancomycin shares many similarities with ristocetin, an agent noted for its effects on platelets and plasma fibrinogen. Vancomycin did not aggregate platelets as ristocetin, but platelets were incorporated into precipitates induced by vancomycin. Fibrinogen and factor VIII were precipitated from plasma at low concentrations of vancomycin. The precipitated fibrinogen remained clottable. Hepatitis B surface antigen was selectively precipitated from serum and could be recovered from the precipitate. Rabbits receiving bolus intravenous injections of high doses of vancomycin developed hypofibrinogenemia and thrombocytopenia within minutes and often went on to die. Studies with 125I-vancomycin revealed little stable binding of the antibiotic to platelets or fibrinogen. A relationship is suggested between the potent protein precipitating effects and phlebitis at the infusion site commonly associated with vancomycin therapy.

High-Sensitivity Method for Counting Low Concentrations of Particles in Liquids Using Centrifugation and Image Analysis

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (Part 1, No. 6A) ◽  
pp. 3641-3644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsumi Yabusaki ◽  
Naoko Saitoh ◽  
Taisuke Hirono ◽  
Hiroki Matsui ◽  
Hiraki Okada
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Sensitivity Method

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF REACTIVE HBsAg CUT-OFF THAT NEED CONFIRMATORY TEST

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Sherly Purnamawaty ◽  
Irda Handayani ◽  
Asvin Nurulita ◽  
Uleng Bahrun
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Total Test

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is the earliest and most important serological marker for the diagnosis of HBV infection. The availability of new methods with a high sensitivity to detect HBsAg results in the increase of false reactive results so that a confirmatory test is needed,but this will increase the total test cost. A reactive cut-off value for a confirmatory test is needed to make the use of this test more efficient. This study was a cross-sectional. All the specimens with HBsAg >0.17 Cut-Off Index (COI) were confirmed with HBsAg confirmatory test. HBsAg test used a sandwich ELFA method while HBsAg confirmatory test used an antibody neutralization method. Analysis of the ROC curve obtained HBsAg cut-off value that need confirmatory test. Total samples were 80 with 51 (63.8%) confirmed reactive and 29 (36.2%) non-reactive. There was a statistically significant difference between HBsAg that confirmed reactive (median 2.76 COI) and non-reactive (median 0.32 COI) (p<0.001). ROC curve showed an AUC of 0.805 which meant a good diagnostic performance for HBsAg test based on a confirmatory test. The specificity of 89.66% and sensitivity 64.71% were obtained from the cut-off 1.08 COI and considered the best cut-off. Some possible causes of false reactive results were Hepatitis B vaccine, G-CSF therapy and limitation of the HBsAg methods. HBsAg cut-off with ELFA method that need HBsAg confirmatory test was <1.08 COI. The researchers suggests further studies with different sampling methods so a better data distribution can be obtained.

IL10 Promotorpolymorphismen beeinflussen die Hepatitis B Surface Antigen und die Hepatitis A spezifische Immunantwort

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Reuss ◽  
N Evers ◽  
N Dietrich ◽  
J Vollmar ◽  
PM Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen

SEROPREVALENCE OF HIV AND HBsAg AMONGST BLOOD DONORS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, CHHATTISGARH.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusha P ◽  
Bankar Nandkishor J ◽  
Karan Jain ◽  
Ramdas Brahmane ◽  
Dhrubha Hari Chandi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

INTRODUCTION: India being the second highly populated nation in the world. HIV/AIDS has acquired pandemic proportion in the world. Estimate by WHO for current infection rate in Asia. India has the third largest HIV epidemic in the world. HIV prevalence in the age group 15-49 yrs was an estimate of 0.2%. India has been classified as an intermediate in the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) endemic (HBsAg carriage 2-7%) zone with the second largest global pool of chronic HBV infections. Safety assessment of the blood supply, the quality of screening measures and the risk of transfusion transmitted infectious diseases (TTIs) in any country can be estimated by scrutinizing the files of blood donors. After the introduction of the blood banks and improved storage facilities, it became more extensively used. Blood is one of the major sources of TTIs like hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, syphilis, and many other blood borne diseases. Disclosure of these threats brought a dramatic change in attitude of physicians and patients about blood transfusion. The objective of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections amidst voluntary blood donors at a rural tertiary healthcare teaching hospital in Chhattisgarh. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study was carried out in Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, Kachandur, Durg. Blood donors were volunteers, or and commercial donors who donated the blood and paid by patients, their families, or friends to replace blood used or expected to be used for patients from the blood bank of the hospital. After proper donation of blood routine screening of blood was carried out according to standard protocol. Laboratory diagnosis of HIV 1 and HIV 2 was carried out by ELISA test. Hepatitis B surface antigen was screened by using ELISA. RESULTS: A total of 1915 consecutive blood donors’ sera were screened at Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, blood bank during study period. Of these 1914 were male and 1 female. The mean age of patients was found to be 29.34 years with standard deviation (SD) of 11.65 Years. Among all blood donors in present study, 759(39.63%) were first time donors and 1156(60.37%) were repeated donors. 1 patient was HIV positive in first donation group while 3 (75%) were positive in repeat donation group. 7 (38.9%) were HBsAg positive in in first donation group while 11(61.1%) were positive in repeat donation group. Two patients in first donation group had dual infection of HIV and HBsAg. CONCLUSION: Seropositivity was high in repeated donors as compared to first time donors. The incidence of HIV is observed to be 0.2% and that of HBsAg is 0.94%. Strict selection of blood donors should be done to avoid transfusion-transmissible infections during the window period.

How Far we are towards Eradication of HBV Infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai Voiculescu
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
T Cell Receptors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Cell Receptors ◽  
B Virus

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health problem with an important biological and a significant socio-economic impact all over the world. There is a high pressure to come up with a new and more efficient strategy against HBV infection, especially after the recent success of HCV treatment. Preventing HBV infection through vaccine is currently the most efficient way to decrease HBV-related cirrhosis and liver cancer incidence, as well as the best way to suppress the HBV reservoir. The vaccine is safe and efficient in 80-95% of cases. One of its most important roles is to reduce materno-fetal transmission, by giving the first dose of vaccine in the first 24 hours after birth. Transmission of HBV infection early in life is still frequent, especially in countries with high endemicity.Successful HBV clearance by the host is immune-mediated, with a complex combined innate and adaptive cellular and humoral immune response. Different factors, such as the quantity and the sequence of HBV epitope during processing by dendritic cells and presenting by different HLA molecules or the polymorphism of T cell receptors (TOL) are part of a complex network which influences the final response. A new potential therapeutic strategy is to restore T-cell antiviral function and to improve innate and adaptive immune response by immunotherapeutic manipulation.It appears that HBV eradication is far from being completed in the next decades, and a new strategy against HBV infection must be considered. Abbreviations: ALT: alanine aminotransferase; APC: antigen presenting cells; cccDNA: covalently closed circular DNA; HBIG: hepatitis B immunoglobulin; HbsAg: hepatitis B surface antigen; HBV: hepatitis B virus; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; CTL: cytotoxic T lymphocyte; IFN: interferon; NUC: nucleos(t)ide analogues; pg RNA: pre genomic RNA; TLR: toll-like receptors; TOL: T cell receptors.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document