Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles of Clinacanthus nutans as Antioxidant with Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Effects

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) previously synthesised using leaf (AgNP-L) and stem (AgNP-S) extracts of Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans) were tested to evaluate antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity activities. The AgNPs showed good inhibition against bacteria, but not fungi. The inhibition results showed the highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) with 11.35 mm (AgNP-L) and 11.52 mm (AgNP-S), while the lowest inhibition was against Escherichia coli (E. coli) with 9.22 mm (AgNP-L) and 9.25 mm (AgNP-S) in the disc diffusion method. The same trend of results was noted in the well diffusion method. The IC50 of AgNP-L and AgNP-S in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays was 417.05 μg/mL and 434.60 μg/mL, as well as 304.31 μg/mL and 326.83 μg/mL, respectively. Ferric reducing power (FRAP) assay showed that AgNP-L [872.389 μmol/L Fe(II)] and AgNP-S [612.770 μmol/L Fe(II)] exhibited significantly ( p < 0.05) greater antioxidant activities than leaf extract (CNL) [152.260 μmol/L Fe(II)] and stem extract (CNS) [110.445 μmol/L Fe(II)] of C. nutans. The AgNPs were also proven to possess cytotoxic effects on the breast (MCF-7), cervical (HeLa), and colon (HT-29) cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. AgNP-S and AgNP-L showed significantly ( p < 0.05) higher cytotoxicity against MCF-7 (117.43 μg/mL) and HT-29 (78.47 μg/mL), respectively. In conclusion, the biosynthesised AgNPs from aqueous extract leaves and stem of C. nutans have demonstrated promising potential towards antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxicity activities.

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Anticancer Potential of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles: A Mechanistic Study

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13050707 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 707

Author(s):

Mohd Shahnawaz Khan ◽

Alya Alomari ◽

Shams Tabrez ◽

Iftekhar Hassan ◽

Rizwan Wahab ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Human Life ◽

Mechanistic Study ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Cell Viability Assay ◽

Hct 116 ◽

Mcf 7

The continuous loss of human life due to the paucity of effective drugs against different forms of cancer demands a better/noble therapeutic approach. One possible way could be the use of nanostructures-based treatment methods. In the current piece of work, we have synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plant (Heliotropiumbacciferum) extract using AgNO3 as starting materials. The size, shape, and structure of synthesized AgNPs were confirmed by various spectroscopy and microscopic techniques. The average size of biosynthesized AgNPs was found to be in the range of 15 nm. The anticancer potential of these AgNPs was evaluated by a battery of tests such as MTT, scratch, and comet assays in breast (MCF-7) and colorectal (HCT-116) cancer models. The toxicity of AgNPs towards cancer cells was confirmed by the expression pattern of apoptotic (p53, Bax, caspase-3) and antiapoptotic (BCl-2) genes by RT-PCR. The cell viability assay showed an IC50 value of 5.44 and 9.54 µg/mL for AgNPs in MCF-7 and HCT-116 cell lines respectively. We also observed cell migration inhibiting potential of AgNPs in a concentration-dependent manner in MCF-7 cell lines. A tremendous rise (150–250%) in the production of ROS was observed as a result of AgNPs treatment compared with control. Moreover, the RT-PCR results indicated the difference in expression levels of pro/antiapoptotic proteins in both cancer cells. All these results indicate that cell death observed by us is mediated by ROS production, which might have altered the cellular redox status. Collectively, we report the antimetastasis potential of biogenic synthesized AgNPs against breast and colorectal cancers. The biogenic synthesis of AgNPs seems to be a promising anticancer therapy with greater efficacy against the studied cell lines.

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Monocyte Infiltration and Differentiation in 3D Multicellular Spheroid Cancer Models

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10080969 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 969

Author(s):

Natasha Helleberg Madsen ◽

Boye Schnack Nielsen ◽

Son Ly Nhat ◽

Søren Skov ◽

Monika Gad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Line ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Cancer Cell Line ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Multicellular Spheroid ◽

Tumor Associated Macrophages ◽

Cancer Models ◽

Ht 29 ◽

Mcf 7

Tumor-associated macrophages often correlate with tumor progression, and therapies targeting immune cells in tumors have emerged as promising treatments. To select effective therapies, we established an in vitro 3D multicellular spheroid model including cancer cells, fibroblasts, and monocytes. We analyzed monocyte infiltration and differentiation in spheroids generated from fibroblasts and either of the cancer cell lines MCF-7, HT-29, PANC-1, or MIA PaCa-2. Monocytes rapidly infiltrated spheroids and differentiated into mature macrophages with diverse phenotypes in a cancer cell line-dependent manner. MIA PaCa-2 spheroids polarized infiltrating monocytes to M2-like macrophages with high CD206 and CD14 expression, whereas monocytes polarized by MCF-7 spheroids displayed an M1-like phenotype. Monocytes in HT-29 and PANC-1 primarily obtained an M2-like phenotype but also showed upregulation of M1 markers. Analysis of the secretion of 43 soluble factors demonstrated that the cytokine profile between spheroid cultures differed considerably depending on the cancer cell line. Secretion of most of the cytokines increased upon the addition of monocytes resulting in a more inflammatory and pro-tumorigenic environment. These multicellular spheroids can be used to recapitulate the tumor microenvironment and the phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages in vitro and provide more realistic 3D cancer models allowing the in vitro screening of immunotherapeutic compounds.

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Phytochemical Screening, Polyphenols Content, Antioxidant Power, and Antibacterial Activity of Herniaria hirsuta from Morocco

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2018/7470384 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kenza Ammor ◽

Dalila Bousta ◽

Sanae Jennan ◽

Bahia Bennani ◽

Abdellah Chaqroune ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Hydroethanolic Extract

The aim of this study is to investigate in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts for aerial parts of Herniaria hirsuta. Extracts were screened for their possible antioxidant activities by three tests: DPPH free radical-scavenging, reducing power, and molybdenum systems. The screening of antibacterial activity of extracts was individually evaluated against sixteen bacteria species using a disc diffusion method. Flavonoids, total phenols, and tannins content were performed for both extracts. It shows higher content in the hydroethanolic extract. The hydroethanolic extract showed a significant antioxidant activity for the three methods studies to the aqueous extract, but nonsignificant results compared to the reference (BHT). However, both extracts have negative effect on the strains studies for the antibacterial activity.

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Synthesis, Characterization, and Optimization of Green Silver Nanoparticles Using Neopestalotiopsis clavispora and Evaluation of Its Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, and Genotoxic Effects

The EuroBiotech Journal ◽

10.2478/ebtj-2021-0020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 109-122

Author(s):

Tuğba Kahraman ◽

Safiye Elif Korcan ◽

Recep Liman ◽

İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci ◽

Yaser Acikbas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Infrared Spectrophotometer ◽

Average Size ◽

Novel Applications ◽

Dose Dependent

Abstract Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been used in a variety of biomedical applications in the last two decades, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer treatments. The present study highlights the extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles AgNPs using Neopestalotiopsis clavispora MH244410.1 and its antibacterial, antibiofilm, and genotoxic properties. Locally isolated N. clavispora MH244410.1 was identified by Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Optimization of synthesized AgNPs was performed by using various parameters (pH (2, 4, 7, 9 and 12), temperature (25, 35 and 45 °C), and substrate concentration (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 and 0.25 mM)). After 72 hours of incubation in dark conditions, the best condition for the biosynthesis of AgNPs was determined as 0.25 mM metal concentration at pH 12 and 35 °C. Fungal synthesized AgNPs were characterized via spectroscopic and microscopic techniques such as Fouirer Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR), UV-Visible Spectroscopy, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The average size of the AgNPs was determined less than 60 nm using the TEM and Zetasizer measurement system (measured in purity water suspension). The characteristic peak of AgNPs was observed at ~414 nm from UV-Vis results. Antibacterial and genotoxic activity of synthesized AgNPs (0.1, 1, and 10 ppm) were also determined by using the agar well diffusion method and in vivo Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster. AgNPs exhibited potential antimicrobial activity against all the tested bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) except Escherichia coli in a dose-dependent manner. AgNPs did not induce genotoxicity in the Drosophila SMART assay. 79.33, 65.47, and 41.95% inhibition of biofilms formed by P. aeruginosa were observed at 10, 1, and 0.1 ppm of AgNPs, respectively. The overall results indicate that N. clavispora MH244410.1 is a good candidate for novel applications in biomedical research.

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Antioxidant and cytotoxic studies of Acacia nilotica twig extract and their green synthesized silver nanoparticles

Letters in Applied NanoBioScience ◽

10.33263/lianbs92.975980 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 975-980 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Acacia Nilotica ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Hek 293 ◽

Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽

Wide Range

Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile is well known as “Desi Kikar”or Babul in India that possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities. In the present study, Acacia nilotica twig extract and its synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were evaluated for total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effects. Characterization of AgNPs was done by UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) techniques. Antioxidant potential was determined using different assays including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power and β-carotene linoleic acid. Cytotoxicity was tested by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-yl)-2,5-diphynyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on Human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cell lines. The results indicated that AgNPs exhibited higher antioxidant activity (81.11 %) and TPC (57.35 mg of GAE/mL of extract) as compare to plant extract. A positive correlation was observed between the TPC and antioxidant activities. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) of A. nilotica extract and AgNPs was 52.08µg/mL and 56.82µg/mL respectively. Cytotoxicity against HEK-293 cell lines was dose dependent. Accordingly, it is summarized that A. nilotica based AgNPs could serve as a potential antioxidant for therapeutic purposes.

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Assessment of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized by Haplophyllum Obtusifolium

Avicenna Journal of Medical Biochemistry ◽

10.34172/ajmb.2020.14 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 94-98

Author(s):

Mohammad Reza Rezaei ◽

Ali Es-haghi ◽

Parichehreh Yaghmaei ◽

Maryam Ghobeh

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Concentration Dependent Manner ◽

The North ◽

Chamber Temperature ◽

Pharmaceutical Industries

Background: Plants comprise great antioxidant sources as a result of their redox and biochemical components, which are rich in secondary metabolites such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, and other constituents. Haplophyllum obtusifolium from polygonaceae is widely used for preventing and managing diabetes. This study investigated the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesized by H. obtusifolium. Methods: The aerial parts of H. obtusifolium were gathered from the north of Khorasan Razavi province, Iran and desiccated at the chamber temperature. The shoots were powdered by grinding, 5 g of the powder was mixed with 250 mL of deionized water, and the resultant blend was then filtered. Bactericidal properties and antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles were assessed using disk diffusion and DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) tests, respectively. Results: The results of this study showed that the biosynthesized nanoparticles exhibited antibacterial activity against a gram-negative (Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacterium, but they had no effects on gram-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis. Antioxidant test results showed that these nanoparticles were capable of eliminating DPPH radicals in a concentration-dependent manner so that a more potent antioxidant activity was seen in higher concentrations of the nanoparticles. Conclusion: Our results suggested that H. obtusifolium can be used as a key source of antioxidants/ antimicrobial agents in food and pharmaceutical industries.

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Antitumor and Immunostimulatory Activity of Two Chromones and Other Constituents from Cassia Petersiana

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x0600101109 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 1 (11) ◽

pp. 1934578X0600101 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pierre C. Djemgou ◽

Donatien Gatsing ◽

Marguérite Tchuendem ◽

Bonaventure T. Ngadjui ◽

Pierre Tane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Raw 264.7 Cells ◽

Proliferation Index ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Hep G2 ◽

Immunostimulatory Activity ◽

Nmr Studies ◽

Biological Investigation ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Mcf 7

Phytochemical and biological investigation of the leaves of Cassia petersiana afforded two new chromones (1, 2), in addition, to the known glyceryl-1-hexacosanoate (3) and stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (4). The structures of the compounds were determined by comprehensive NMR studies, including DEPT, COSY, HMQC, HMBC and IR spectroscopy and MS. 1–4 were investigated against different types of cell lines, including solid tumor cells (Hep-G2, and MCF-7 cells) and leukemia (1301) cells for their cytotoxic effects. 1–3 possessed a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect against Hep-G2 cells, but in relatively high concentrations; 4 was the most cytotoxic with the lowest IC50 value of 82.7 μM. The calculated IC50 values against MCF-7 cells were 112.2 μM, 143.7 μM, 68.1 μM, and 114.3 μM for 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The alteration in the macrophage proliferation index, using Raw 264.7 cells, was monitored. 1 and 3 were the highest stimulators of macrophage proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, whereas 2 and 4 showed a peak point of stimulation at 20 μM. The effect of these compounds on pre-induced NO was explored. 1–4 inhibited the LPS-induced NO, with inhibition percentages of 80.5%, 89.3%, 82.1%, and 92.1%, respectively, at a concentration of 20 μM. The antioxidant capacity of 1–4, using the DPPH assay was also investigated. 1–3 possessed weak scavenging activity; while 4 had an effective SC50 value as low as 36 μM. These results indicated that 4 possessed the highest anti-tumor, immunoproliferative, macrophage proliferation, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities.

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Antioxidant Properties of Ethanolic Extract from Ramulus mori (Sangzhi)

Food Science and Technology International ◽

10.1177/1082013209350277 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 435-444 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Zuofa Zhang ◽

Jie Jin ◽

Liangen Shi

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Superoxide Radical ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Hplc Method ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Dependent Manner

The antioxidant properties and total phenolic contents of four fractions of ethanolic extract from Ramulus mori were examined. Various experimental models including superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH) scavenging activity, metal chelating activity, and reducing power were used for characterization of their antioxidant activity. The four fractions showed various degrees of efficacy in each assay in a dose-dependent manner. The third fraction with the highest amount of total phenolics was the most potent antioxidant in all assays used. In addition, the most powerful compound (oxyresveratrol) was isolated and identified followed by on-line HPLC method and characterized by different spectral analysis. Oxyresveratrol exhibited impressive antioxidant activities in scavenging the superoxide radical, hydroxide radical, and DPPH. On the basis of the results obtained, Ramulus mori may serve as a potential source of natural antioxidant due to its significant antioxidant activity and oxyresveratrol may be the most powerful antioxidant in ethanolic extracts of Ramulus mori.

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Compositions and Biological Activities of Essential Oils of Kadsura longepedunculata and Schisandra sphenanthera

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x07004874 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 35 (02) ◽

pp. 353-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Lei Song ◽

Jie-Ying Ding ◽

Cui Tang ◽

Chun-Hua Yin

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Liver Homogenate ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Schisandra Sphenanthera

The chemical compositions, antimicrobial activities, antioxidant activities and cytotoxicities of the essential oils isolated from the root of Kadsura longepedunculata Finet et Gagnep (KLREO) and the fruit of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wills. (SSFEO) were investigated.The analyses of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that cadinane type compounds and their derivatives were rich in both oils (54.2% and 39.7%, respectively) and δ-cadinene was the major component of both oils (13.8% and 25.6%, respectively). The antimicrobial activities of both oils were evaluated against five microorganisms with the disc diffusion and the broth micro-dilution method. Results showed that Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to both oils than Gram-negative bacteria and the yeast. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the oil of KLREO were lower than those of SSFEO, indicating that the former possessed slightly stronger antibacterial capability than the latter. The reducing power and lipid peroxidation assays were employed to study the potential antioxidant activities of both oils. Both oils remarkably decreased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in rat liver homogenate in a dose dependent manner. The antioxidant activities of KLREO appeared to be more potent than that of SSFEO. The oils of KLREO and SSFEO exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicities and were proved to be toxic to HepG2 cells with IC50 of 147 and 189 μg/ml, respectively.

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Antihemolytic and antioxidant activities of Allium paradoxum

Open Life Sciences ◽

10.2478/s11535-010-0013-5 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 338-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Mohammad Ebrahimzadeh ◽

Seyed Nabavi ◽

Bahman Eslami

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Vitro Assay ◽

Aerial Parts

AbstractAntioxidant activity of the aerial part and bulbs of Allium paradoxum was investigated by eight in vitro assay systems. Extracts showed good antioxidant activity. IC50 for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical-scavenging activity was 890.9±43.2 and 984.9±33.5 µg/ml for the aerial part and bulbs, respectively. The aerial parts have better reducing power than bulb extracts but not comparable with Vitamin C (P>0.001). Extracts showed weak Fe2+ chelating ability, the IC50 being 959±47 and 530±24 µg/ml for bulbs and aerial parts, respectively. Both tested extracts exhibited good hydrogen peroxide scavenging in a concentration dependent manner. They exhibited good antioxidant activity against the hemoglobin-induced linoleic acid system that was comparable with vitamin C (P>0.01). They showed good activity against cumene hydro peroxide induced hemolysis in RBCs. In addition, they possessed antihemolytic activity. The extract from aerial parts had significantly higher total phenol and flavonoid content than did bulbs. Amounts of eight elements (Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe, Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr) were also determined in the bulb and aerial part using atomic absorption spectroscopy. They contained higher Fe and Mn contents than other elements.

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