Association of Nesfatin-1, Acylated Ghrelin and Cortisol with Scores of Compulsion, Food Addiction, and Binge Eating in Adults with Normal Weight and with Obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itzel Lopez-Aguilar ◽  
Lorena del Rocio Ibarra-Reynoso ◽  
Juan Manuel Malacara
Keyword(s):  
Binge Eating ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Acylated Ghrelin ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Score

Background/Aims: The alterations of eating behavior are insufficiently recognized in the clinical attention of adults with obesity. The objective of this study was to examine the characteristics of overeating behavior and its association with depression, perceived stress, acylated ghrelin, nestafin-1, and cortisol. Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study included 80 participants with obesity and 50 with normal weight. The volunteers completed questionnaires to evaluate symptoms of food addiction (FA), obsessive compulsive, binge eating (BE), depression, and perceived stress. We measured glucose, lipids, acylated ghrelin, nesfatin-1, and insulin in a fasting blood sample as well as urine cortisol. We compared groups with students t test, and analysis of variance, and tested associations by logistic and multiple regression. Results: By multiple regression, the BE total score was positively associated with the FA (p < 0.0001) and depression total score (p < 0.0001). By logistic regression, the positive score of FA was associated with ghrelin (p < 0.02). The perceived stress total score was associated negatively with cortisol (p < 0.0006). Conclusion: The BE and FA are strongly associated in agreement with the concept that both conditions have overlapping features. Depressive symptoms are associated with symptoms of disordered eating ­behavior. FA positive score was associated with ghrelin. BE total score was associated with nesfatin-1.

scholarly journals Eating Behavior, Stress, and Adiposity: Discordance Between Perception and Physiology

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 531-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paule V. Joseph ◽  
Hannah R. Davidson ◽  
Christina M. Boulineaux ◽  
Nicolaas H. Fourie ◽  
Alexis T. Franks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Cross Sectional

The purpose of the study was to examine the interrelationships among stress, eating behavior, and adiposity in a cohort of normal- and overweight individuals. Clinical markers of physiological stress (fasting serum cortisol) and adiposity (body mass index [BMI] and percent body fat) were obtained from participants selected for a natural history protocol ( n = 107). Self-reported data on eating behavior (using the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire subscales such as Cognitive Restraint, Disinhibition, and Hunger) and psychological stress (via the Perceived Stress Scale) were evaluated. Demographic information was incorporated using principal component analysis, which revealed sex- and weight-based differences in stress, adiposity, and eating behavior measures. Following a cross-sectional and descriptive analysis, significant correlations were found between the Disinhibition and Hunger eating behavior subscales and measures of adiposity including BMI ( r = .30, p = .002 and r = .20, p = .036, respectively) and percent body fat ( r = .43, p = .000 and r = .22, p = .022, respectively). Relationships between stress measures and eating behavior were also evident in the analysis. Disinhibition and Hunger correlated positively with perceived stress ( r = .32, p .001 and r = .26, p = .008, respectively). However, Disinhibition varied inversely with serum cortisol levels ( r = −.25, p = .009). Future studies are warranted to better understand this paradox underlying the effects of perceived and physiological stress on eating behavior.

scholarly journals The prevalence and correlates of burnout among Chinese preschool teachers

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shen Li ◽  
Yibo Li ◽  
Hao Lv ◽  
Rui Jiang ◽  
Peng Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Preschool Teachers ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type Of School ◽  
Income Satisfaction

Abstract Background: A series of studies have suggested that teachers are likely to experience professional burnout in various regions around the world. To date, no known research has been conducted to investigate the prevalence and correlates of burnout among preschool teachers in China. Objective: This study examined the level of self-reported burnout and correlates of burnout among Chinese preschool teachers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among1795 preschool teachers in Tianjin, China, during August 2018- October 2018. The validated Chinese version of the 15-item Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to assess burnout. A self-administered questionnaire collected the sociodemographic factors. The psychological factors were collected by the Chinese version of the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Perceived Stress Scale-14. Results: The prevalence of burnout in Chinese preschool teachers was 53.2% ( 95% CI：51%─56%). Burnout rate was significantly decreased in overweight (P=0.001, OR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.42-0.79) and obesity (P=0.048, OR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.56-1.00) teachers compared with teachers with normal weight. The type of school (P=0.007, OR=1.45, 95% CI: 1.11-1.91), income satisfaction (P=0.001, OR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.53-0.86), depression (P<0.001, OR=3.08, 95% CI: 2.34-4.05) and perceived stress (P<0.001, OR=1.15, 95%CI: 1.13-1.18) were significantly associated with burnout. Conclusions: The prevalence of burnout among preschool teachers in Tianjin, China, is high. Burnout was significantly associated with BMI, the type of school, income satisfaction, depression and perceived stress among Chinese preschool teachers. Keywords: Burnout, Stress, Preschool teachers, Depression

The impulsive brain: Neural underpinnings of binge eating behavior in normal-weight adults

Appetite ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 33-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Oliva ◽  
F. Morys ◽  
A. Horstmann ◽  
U. Castiello ◽  
C. Begliomini
Keyword(s):  
Binge Eating ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Neural Underpinnings

scholarly journals Pancreatic Duodenal Homeobox Factor-1 and Neurogenin-3 Serum Expression in Gestational Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Arturo González Santana ◽  
Jessica María Rodríguez Cortés ◽  
Leicy Jazmin Ruíz Barrera ◽  
Bacteriologist ◽  
Araceli Consuelo Hinojosa Juárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neurogenin 3 ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Normal Gestation

Objectives: Pancreatic duodenal homeobox factor-1 (PDX-1) and neurogenin-3 (NGN-3) are progenitor cell markers in the pancreas. The aim was to compare their serum levels in women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Material and Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study included two groups: (a) Women with normal gestation and (b) with GDM. PDX-1 and NGN-3 serum expression was determined by qRT-PCR. Student’s t-test or the Mann–Whitney U-test was used to contrast both groups and the Pearson or Spearman correlation was used. A multiple regression was done introducing body mass index and the relative expression of both genes as independent variables and glucose as dependent variable. Statistical significance was tested at P ≤ 0.05 level. Results: Thirty-eight patients (mean age was of 29.00 ± 7.74 years) were included, 22 belonged to the normal pregnancies, and 16 to GDM. Using the ΔΔCt method, the expression fold change for PDX-1 was 0.458 and for NGN-3 it was 0.361. There was a significant positive correlation between the expressions of both genes. The multiple regression was significant for both genes expression and glucose levels in case of having normal weight. Conclusion: PDX-1 and NGN-3 low serum expression could be predictors of higher glucose levels in normal pregnancies.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Related Distress in Gambling Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Salerno ◽  
Stefano Pallanti
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Significant Difference

The COVID-19 pandemic has exerted a dramatic impact on everyday life globally. In this context, it has been reported that the lockdown and social distancing may have exerted an impact even on gambling behavior, not only by increasing gambling behavior in those affected by this disorder but even contributing to the occurrence of new cases. To explore such a possibility, we designed a cross-sectional web survey addressing a general population sample that lasted 3 weeks (March 23–April 20). Participants completed a survey including a demographic information section, a question regarding the presence of pathological gambling in the past and several questionnaires. These included the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Kellner's Symptom Questionnaire (SQ), and the version of The Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale adapted for Pathological Gambling (PG-YBOCS) that investigated the presence of gambling behaviors in the last week. The final sample was composed by 254 subjects (112 males, 44.1%; 142 females, 55.9%). According to PG-YBOCS total score, pathological gambling has been found in 23.6% (n = 60) of the sample (53 males, 88.3%; 7 females, 11.7%), which is a high frequency compared to that reported by the existing literature. Among gamblers, 20.9% (n = 53) reported both past and current problem gambling (they have been defined as “chronic gamblers”), whereas 2.8% (n = 7) did not report to use gambling platforms in the past but only in the last week (defined as “new gamblers”). Data analysis showed a statistically significant difference between gamblers and people who do not gamble in age but not in education, and higher level of perceived stress, distress, and hostility in both chronic and new gamblers compared to those who did not report gambling behavior. A consistent proportion of business owners and unemployed individuals reported problem gambling during the lockdown period.

scholarly journals Identifying the Profile of Orthorexic Behavior and “Normal” Eating Behavior with Cluster Analysis: A Cross-Sectional Study among Polish Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3490
Author(s):  
Anna Brytek-Matera ◽  
Anna Staniszewska ◽  
Souheil Hallit
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Pathological Eating

Although the amount of research about orthorexia nervosa (ON) has grown in the last two decades, to date, research on ON remains inconsistent. More is known about some behavioral characteristics of ON and its prevalence but nothing is known about the profile analysis behind this pathological eating behavior maintenance. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the profiles of the participants in terms of eating behaviors, eating disorder psychopathology, obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms and physical activity as well as check their association with ON. The sample was composed of 229 Polish female and male adults. Our findings showed three clusters and four-related factors (obsessive-compulsive disorder features; inappropriate eating and body-related behaviors; psychological and affective traits of eating disorders; perfectionism and behaviors associated with weight maintenance or weight loss). In our sample, a higher percentage of adults belonging to cluster 1 had no ON, whereas a higher percentage of adults belonging to cluster 3 had ON. Our results emphasize the possibility to target pathological eating behaviors and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms in ON in psychological intervention.

Do Surrogate Markers for Adiposity Relate to Cytokines in Adolescents?

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 786-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela A. Rubin ◽  
Robert G. McMurray ◽  
Joanne S. Harrell ◽  
Anthony C. Hackney ◽  
Andrea M. Haqq
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Multiple Regression Models ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Subcutaneous Adiposity

PurposeTo determine the associations between field-collected surrogates of adiposity and concentrations of resistin, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and adiponectin in youth.MethodsCross-sectional data from 60 normal weight and 60 overweight adolescents, ages 10-14 years, were retrospectively examined. Body mass index (BMI) percentile, sum of subscapular and triceps skinfolds (SSF), and waist circumference (WC) were used to classify weight status (BMI) or adiposity (SSF and WC). Percentiles for each surrogate were used for comparison groups. Fasting TNF-α, IL-6, resistin, and adiponectin concentrations were measured in plasma.ResultsMultiple regression models, controlling for sex and ethnicity, indicated that TNF-α was associated with BMI percentile (R2 = 0.107, P < 0.05) and SSF (R2 = 0.085, P < 0.05), whereas resistin was associated with SSF (R2 = 0.118, P < 0.05). Adiponectin was associated with all 3 adiposity markers: BMI percentile (R2 = 0.298, P < 0.05), SSF (R2 = 0.297, P < 0.05), and waist (R2 = 0.278, P < 0.05). Analyses of variance indicated higher TNF-α and lower adiponectin concentrations in youth with a BMI higher than the 95th percentile (P = 0.014; P < 0.001) or SSF higher than the 95th percentile (P = 0.025; P < 0.001). Youth with WC higher than the 90th percentile had higher resistin (P = 0.029), higher IL-6 (P = 0.028), and lower adiponectin (P < 0.001) concentrations.ConclusionsOf the 3 surrogates examined, differences in cytokine concentrations were mostly observed in youth who had WC percentiles higher than the 90th percentiles versus WC lower than the 75th percentiles. Alternatively, from the multiple-regression models SSF, an estimate of subcutaneous adiposity was the surrogate most consistently related to all cytokines, although the degrees of associations were low. The results suggest that although some surrogates were more strongly associated to certain cytokines, WC and SSF seemed more closely associated with cytokines than a BMI percentile indicating obesity.

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