scholarly journals COVID-19 Related Distress in Gambling Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Salerno ◽  
Stefano Pallanti
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Significant Difference

The COVID-19 pandemic has exerted a dramatic impact on everyday life globally. In this context, it has been reported that the lockdown and social distancing may have exerted an impact even on gambling behavior, not only by increasing gambling behavior in those affected by this disorder but even contributing to the occurrence of new cases. To explore such a possibility, we designed a cross-sectional web survey addressing a general population sample that lasted 3 weeks (March 23–April 20). Participants completed a survey including a demographic information section, a question regarding the presence of pathological gambling in the past and several questionnaires. These included the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Kellner's Symptom Questionnaire (SQ), and the version of The Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale adapted for Pathological Gambling (PG-YBOCS) that investigated the presence of gambling behaviors in the last week. The final sample was composed by 254 subjects (112 males, 44.1%; 142 females, 55.9%). According to PG-YBOCS total score, pathological gambling has been found in 23.6% (n = 60) of the sample (53 males, 88.3%; 7 females, 11.7%), which is a high frequency compared to that reported by the existing literature. Among gamblers, 20.9% (n = 53) reported both past and current problem gambling (they have been defined as “chronic gamblers”), whereas 2.8% (n = 7) did not report to use gambling platforms in the past but only in the last week (defined as “new gamblers”). Data analysis showed a statistically significant difference between gamblers and people who do not gamble in age but not in education, and higher level of perceived stress, distress, and hostility in both chronic and new gamblers compared to those who did not report gambling behavior. A consistent proportion of business owners and unemployed individuals reported problem gambling during the lockdown period.

scholarly journals Assessment of in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Sarah Alaa Mohsen ◽  
Fatma Ahmed El Deeb ◽  
Ehab Sayed Ramadan ◽  
Mai Abd El-Raouf Eissa
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common and potentially debilitating disorder. Neuropsychological assessment provides unique complementary information that is critical for evaluating higher cortical abilities. This study aimed to assess the neuropsychological functions in OCD patients which can then point to the brain structures or pathways and to study the correlation between these assessments and different clinical variables. Methods: This cross-sectional case control study had included sixty patients who were divided into two groups, Group I: thirty OCD patients diagnosed by DSM-IV and Group II: thirty healthy controls who were recruited from the community, matched with patients’ age, gender, and education. Results: The age of onset in our study was 19.13 ± 0.35 years, the mean duration was 7.44 ± 3.88 years, 40% of the studied cases had severe OCD symptoms and 33.3% of them were compulsive cleaners. There was a high significant difference between the two groups regarding WCST in favor of the control group. There was a high significant difference between the two groups regarding ROCF where the control group showed better results than the OCD patients. Conclusions: Neuropsychological test performance remains an informative and objective means of investigation, especially when applied to psychiatric disorders. The executive functions in OCD patients were impaired in comparison to the normal study subjects.

scholarly journals Attitudes of Medical and Pharmacy Students Towards Patients Suffering from Schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Dragana Ignjatovic-Ristic ◽  
Ana Solujic ◽  
Andrea Obradovic ◽  
Katarina Nikic-Djuricic ◽  
Marija Draskovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The University

Abstract Research over the past twenty years has shown that the attitudes of health care workers and students towards people who are suffering from schizophrenia have become more negative. The aim of our study was to investigate the attitudes of medical and pharmacy students towards patients with schizophrenia and explore the differences in attitudes between study groups and students in different years. Materials and methods: Second- and fifth-year medical and pharmacy students from the Faculty of Medical Sciences at the University of Kragujevac were included in an observational, prospective, cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 113 students from the pharmacy and medical schools who were chosen via random sampling. The students completed a two-part questionnaire. Th e first part contained questions about sociodemographic characteristics, whereas the second part was a translated version of the Mental Illness: Clinician’s Attitudes (MICA) v4 scale. Results: There is a statistically significant difference (р<0.05) in the attitudes towards people with schizophrenia between second- and fifth-year medical and pharmacy students (with lower scores in both groups in fifth-year students). Of the total number of students who had lower summed scores on the Likert scale, 51.3% had previously finished medical high school, whereas 28.3% had previously finished regular high school. Conclusion: Our results showed a statistically significant difference in attitudes towards people with schizophrenia between second- and fifth-year students as well as a difference related to previous high school education. This stresses the importance of levels of knowledge about schizophrenia to reducing the stigmatization of patients who suffer from this disorder.

The Frequency of Using Herbal Medicines Among Patients With Hypertension in Kerman, Iran, 2012-2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haleh Tajadini ◽  
Kouros Divsalar ◽  
Mitra Mehrabani ◽  
Ali Akbar Haghdoost ◽  
Zahra Esmaili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Medical Plants

Introduction. The use of medicinal plants has dramatically increased in recent years. Given the increasing rate of hypertension and medical plants usage by these patients and considering drug interactions due to concomitant use with drugs, the present study aims to evaluate the rate of medicinal plants usage in hypertensive patients. Methods. This is a cross-sectional study (descriptive–analytical) in which 650 hypertensive patients referring to the subspecialty clinic of Kerman were questioned about medicinal plants usage by a medicinal plants questionnaire. Among these patients, there were 612 who consented to participate. After the variables were described, the data were finally analyzed using Stata 12. Results. The average age of those using these drugs in the past year was 58.8 ± 10 years. Of the total number of participants using medicinal plants, there were 58 males (23.5%) and 122 females (33.4%). There were 129 participants (72.5%) using medicinal plants through self-administration, 17 participants (9.5%) on experienced users’ advice, 16 participants (9%) as administered by herbalists, and 11 participants (6%) as administered by doctors. However, the most important resources for using a drug that prevents hypertension were family and friends (74 participants; 41.5%) and doctors (13 participants; 7.3%). According to the results, there was no significant difference between the level of education and medicinal plants usage ( P = .95); however, there was a significant difference between gender and medicinal plants usage ( P = .009). Discussion. According to the results indicating the relatively high prevalence of medicinal plants usage and their arbitrary use by hypertensive patients without consulting a specialist, it seems necessary to plan for more effective and secure public education and train people to provide herbal drug services for various diseases with hypertension being the most common one.

scholarly journals Subtyping Gambling Acitivities: Case of Korca City, Albania

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Besa Shahini ◽  
Emil Frasheri
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scratch Cards ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Gambling Activities ◽  
Gambling Subtypes

Gambling research has grown dramatically over the past 2-3 decades, however a lack of consensus regarding the risk factors and gambling etiology related to youth problem gambling still remain. So a better understanding of the nature of youth problem gambling could help us to clarify the etiology of gambling problems. Understanding gambling subtypes is necessary to improve our understanding of the etiology of problem gambling. The prediction of problem gambling is related with the participation in gambling activities. It is necessary to obtain a structure of gambling activities, in order to better understand gambling related problems and to treat problems in a more specified manner. The aim of the study was to determine the appropriate structure of gambling activities using factor analysis in a confirmatory framework. Students are a particularly interesting population in which to study gambling. The research utilized a cross-sectional design and self-report questionnaires. The study concludes that the two-factor solution better represents the chance-and skill-based gambling activities. The first factor is most strongly associated with chance-based activities (lottery, bingo, scratch cards). The second factor is most strongly associated with activities that require some degree of skill (poker, roulette, sport bet, racing, etc. ).

scholarly journals The Perceived Stress Level of Nursing Students Regarding The Clinical Practices in the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 592-599
Author(s):  
ışın cantekin
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nursing Profession ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Perceived Stress Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stress Levels

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the perceived stress levels of nursing students regarding the clinical practice during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study was conducted between May 20 and June 20, 2020, with 252 students studying in all classes in the Nursing Departments of Necmettin Erbakan University. The data were collected using the Information Form and the Perceived Stress Scale for Nursing Students (PSSNS). 52.0% of the students felt uncomfortable thinking about Covid-19, and 62.2% stated that their anxiety increased when they thought they were infected with Covid-19. The study further revealed that 57.9% of the nursing students were afraid to provide care to the individuals diagnosed with Covid-19 and 82.1% stated that they did not have enough knowledge to provide care to those individuals. Our study revealed that there is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the Perceived Stress Scale for Nursing Students and the students’ gender (p<0.01), the status of willingly choosing the nursing profession (p<0.01), the interest in the nursing profession during the Covid-19 pandemic (p<0.01), having enough knowledge to provide care to individuals diagnosed with Covid-19 (p<0.01), being uncomfortable thinking about Covid-19 (p<0.01), being afraid to provide care to individuals diagnosed with Covid-19 (p<0.01), and the increased anxiety level thinking that they were infected with Covid-19 (p<0.01). In this study, female nurses and nurses who did not choose the nursing profession willingly, whose interests in the nursing profession were negatively affected during the pandemic period, who believe that they do not have the knowledge or who do not want to provide care to individuals diagnosed with Covid-19, who are afraid to provide care, and who are uncomfortable thinking about Covid-19 were found to have higher perceived stress levels. It is recommended to offer training and counseling to the nursing students with high perceived stress levels

scholarly journals Is there an asymmetry of the condylar and coronoid processes of the mandible in individuals with unilateral crossbite?

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Cardinal ◽  
Inês Martins ◽  
Bruno Frazão Gribel ◽  
Gladys Cristina Dominguez
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Lateral Deviation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Posterior Crossbite ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Skeletal Asymmetry

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate if there is a true skeletal asymmetry of the condylar and coronoid processes of the mandible in growing individuals with unilateral posterior crossbite (UPC) either functional or not. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study screened a total of 1120 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The final sample comprised 20 CBCT images of individuals with UPC and 19 CBCT images of individuals without transverse malocclusion. The lengths of the condylar and coronoid processes were measured to evaluate asymmetry, as well as the magnitude of the mandibular lateral deviation in the UPC group. Results: There was a significant difference between the lengths of the affected and nonaffected sides of the coronoid processes in the UPC group (P &lt; .01). The same was not observed in the condyle in the UPC group (P &gt; .05). There were no significant differences between the groups (P &gt; .05). Conclusions: Although no differences in the condyle were observed, the coronoid process was asymmetric in individuals with UPC. However, this asymmetry was not considered to be clinically significant.

Perceived stress and health-related outcomes in a Swiss population sample 1This research was supported by grants from the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health, the Swiss Foundation of Health Promotion and the Swiss Federal Office of Sports.

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Gehring ◽  
Line Aubert ◽  
Oliver Padlina ◽  
Eva Martin-Diener ◽  
Bertino Somaini
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
General Health ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Swiss Population ◽  
Health Related ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Stress And Health

This cross-sectional study aimed at analysing the perception of stress and its relation to health-related outcomes in the Swiss population. A sample drawn from this population included 992 participants aged 15 to 64 years. The interview covered socio-demographic data, perceived stress, psychological and somatic symptoms as well as perceived general health status. Patterns of stress were grouped into three categories. “Stressed” included persons who reported that they felt overwhelmed by stressful situations during the previous month. “Challenged” included those who reported that they experienced stressful situations but could manage those well. “Not stressed” consisted of respondents who did not experience stress. Results indicated that 38.6% of the sample reported being stressed, 33.3% challenged and 28.1% not stressed. Analysis of the distribution of perceived stress showed that, in particular, women, younger people, single parents, students and the self-employed felt stressed relatively often. In a logistic regression analysis, age and gender remained the factors most strongly associated with self-perceived stress. Perception of stress was not related to subjective ratings of general health. However, respondents in the stressed category were more likely than their counterparts to indicate various clinically relevant symptoms. 2 The authors are grateful to Julie Page and Jen Wang for their critical reading of the manuscript.

scholarly journals Perceived Stress among Health Care Workers of an Emerging Infectious Covid-19 Outbreak in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (`1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Shinta Novelia ◽  
Andi Mayasari Usman ◽  
Rian Adi Pamungkas
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: During the pandemic of Covid-19 in the world, frontline health care workers have been responsible for tracing contacts of patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It has an impact on mental health of health care workers. This study aimed to investigate the perceived stress among health care workers who work in health care facilities during the COVID-19 outbreak in Indonesia. Material and methods: A cross sectional study designed was applied in this study. The participants were midwives, nurses, pharmacists, pharmacist assistants, physicians, medical record staff, dental nurse, nutritionists and sanitarian. Demographic questionnaire was delivered to assess age, gender, marital status, job, work place and work place province. Personal protective equipment was added to the questionnaire. A perceived stress scale was used to assess perceived stress. Results: Study questionnaires were completed by 196 respondents. The results showed that almost participants had a moderate stress (73%). Most of the subjects were in the age group of 20-30 years old (43.9%). Majority of the participants were female (89.8%). Most of the participants were married (71.4%). In 58.2% of participants’ job was midwife and in 25.5% of the participants’ job was nurse. 50% of the participants worked in Health Centre and 20.9% of the participants worked in referral Covid-19 Hospital. In 26 % of participants work place Province was West Java, 17.9 % of participants work place Province was Banten and 16.3 % of participants work place Province was South Sulawesi. There was a significant difference of participants’ perceived stress in the group of workplace (p = -.023). Conclusion:  The COVID-19 outbreak in Indonesia resulted in increased stress for health care workers in Indonesia. Indonesia governments should improve interventions for preventing the spread of epidemics, promote disease treatment methods, and also offer psychological support especially for health care workers. Keyword: health care worker, covid-19, perceived stress, nurses, outbreak.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Perceived Stress and Mental Health of Health Defenders in Military and Civilian Hospitals Infected with Corona Virus (COVID 19)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir mohsen Rahnejat ◽  
mohammadreza ghasemzadeh ◽  
Arsia Taghva ◽  
Vahid Donyavi ◽  
Farnoosh Yari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Considering the prevalence of coronavirus and its effect on mental health and increasing perceived stress, the aim of this study was to investigate the perceived stress and mental health of health defenders in military and civilian hospitals involved in treating patients with COVID 19. Methods: The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The available sampling method was done by sending online questionnaires of demographic characteristics, Goldberg general health and perceived stress (PSS). 323 health advocates were involved with virus patients. Through descriptive statistics, independent mean test, univariate analysis of variance and chi-square test were analyzed using SPSS 25 version. Results: the frequency of symptoms of mental disorder in military hospital staff (61.1%) and civilian hospital staff (50.7%) which indicates a significant difference between the two groups of employees (P <0.05); But there is no significant difference between the two groups in perceived stress.Conclusion: Considering the stressful period of COVID 19 pandemic, to reduce and prevent the psychological effects of this pandemic such as burnout, mental health problems, symptoms of persistent stress, providing psychological resilience interventions for treatment staff on the front lines of the crisis is one of the highest priorities during this epidemic.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document