scholarly journals Grape Seed Polyphenols Ameliorated Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis via Suppression of Inflammation and Apoptosis

Pharmacology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunxia Wang ◽  
Yunan Wang ◽  
Wanli Shen ◽  
Yandi Wang ◽  
Yini Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Bloody Stool ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Grape Seed Polyphenols

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease. Its onset is typically gradual, usually followed by periods of spontaneous remission and subsequent relapses. Grape seed polyphenols (GSP), a natural product extracted from grape seeds, have strong anti-inflammatory functions. Objectives: In this study, we investigated whether GSP has an inhibitory effect on UC and its related mechanism or not. Methods: We induced UC by 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and GSP at different doses (500 and 750 mg/kg body weight per day) was administrated to the mice by gavage. Body weight, diarrhea, and bloody stool were recorded every day to evaluate disease activity index. Hemotoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to identify the histological damages and inflammatory infiltration in colon tissues. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and the expression of phosphorylated-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and STAT3 were assessed by western blot. The immunofluorescent assay was used to evaluate the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Results: GSP could alleviate the loss of body weight, diarrhea, bloody stool, the mucosal damage, and inflammatory infiltration. GSP could also downregulate the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α as well as the phosphorylation of STAT3 and ameliorate the apoptosis of IECs. Conclusions: Our study suggests that GSP has protective effects against DSS-induced UC, which may through suppression of inflammation and apoptosis.

scholarly journals Galectin-1 reduces the severity of ulcerative colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium via suppressing inflammatory and oxidative mediators

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pelin Arda-Pirincci ◽  
Guliz Aykol-Celik
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease and many people suffers from this disease across the word. Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) is a synthetic sulfated polysaccharide that is used to produce ulcerative colitis in rodents. Galectin-1 is a β-galactoside binding animal lectin which plays key roles in many biological events. In this study, we investigated the role of galectin-1 on colon morphology, cell proliferation, oxidative stress, anti-oxidant system, inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators in the model of experimental ulcerative colitis induced by DSS in mice. C57BL/6  mice were fed orally 3% DSS in their drinking water for 5 days for acute colitis induction. Animals were injected with 1 mg/kg recombinant human galectin-1 for 7 consecutive days. Oral DSS application resulted in colitis injury by causing histopathological changes; an increase in disease activity index (DAI), lipid peroxidation (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and TNF-α levels; a decrease in body weight, colon length, cell proliferation index, catalase (CAT), glutahione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, gluathione (GSH) and IL-10 levels. However, treatment with galectin-1 prevented DSS-induced colitis injury through the reduction of DAI, MDA, MPO and TNF-α levels, and the increase of body weight, colon length, cell proliferation, antioxidant enzymes activities, GSH and IL-10 levels. As a result, this study showed that galectin-1 has proliferative, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective effects against DSS-induced colitis in mice. In addition, galectin-1 reduces the severity of ulcerative colitis via suppressing inflammatory and oxidative mediators.

Xanthoangelol Isolated from Angelica keiskei Roots Prevents Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Treated Colitis in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-663
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Kimura ◽  
Kimye Baba
Keyword(s):  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Eosinophil Infiltration ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Angelica Keiskei

Background: The therapeutic effects of a number of natural products on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) have recently been examined in detail. The whole herb and roots of Angelica keiskei (Umblliferae) have traditionally been used as a diuretic, to treat gastrointestinal diseases such as gastric ulcers and diarrhea in Japan. Objectives: The present study was performed to investigate the effects of xanthoangelol, a major chalcone of Angelica keiskei roots, on diarrhea and inflammation in the large intestine of IBD model mice. Methods: Xanthoangelol (10 & 25 mg/kg) was orally administered to mice with 3% Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Blood samples were collected during the experimental period, subjected to a full blood count test, and colonic cytokine and chemokine levels were measured. Results: Xanthoangelol (25 mg/kg) reduced the Disease Activity Index (DAI) of colitis. It also attenuated DSS-induced reductions in red blood cell and platelet counts as well as Hb and Ht levels. A histological examination of the colon using direct fast scarlet staining showed that xanthoangelol prevented DSS-induced mucosal ulceration and eosinophil infiltration. Xanthoangelol also reduced DSS-induced increases in colonic MCP-1, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels. Conclusions: Xanthoangelol reduced DSS-induced increases in colonic IL-1β, TNF-α, and MCP-1 levels and prevented eosinophil infiltration, which supports its potential as a treatment for IBD.

scholarly journals Suppression of Th17 Cell Response in the Alleviation of Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis by Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharides

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Wei ◽  
Ran Zhang ◽  
Jingbo Zhai ◽  
Junfeng Zhu ◽  
Fangli Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Disease Activity Index

Background. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Dysregulated immune responses are involved in the pathogenesis of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. The aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic potential of GLP to alleviate DSS-induced colitis. Methods. The mice were administered with GLP by intragastric gavage daily for two weeks prior to the DSS treatment. Mice were orally administered with 2.5% DSS dissolved in drinking water with GLP or water treatment for 6 days. The mice were killed on day 7 after induction of colitis. Survival rates, body weight loss, colon lengths, histological changes, and disease activity index scores (DAI) were evaluated. Results. GLP significantly improved survival rates, colon length shortening, body weight loss, histopathological score, and DAI scores in mice with DSS-induced colitis. GLP markedly suppressed the secretions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-4 and significantly affected populations of Th17 cells, B cells, NK cells, and NKT cells in the lamina propria lymphocytes. Conclusions. GLP prevented inflammation, maintained intestinal homeostasis, and regulated the intestinal immunological barrier functions in mice with DSS-induced colitis.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Spirulina platensis Extract against Dextran-Sulfate-Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Morsy ◽  
Sumeet Gupta ◽  
Anroop B. Nair ◽  
Katharigatta N. Venugopala ◽  
Khaled Greish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Tnf Α

Inflammatory bowel disease is a multifactorial inflammatory condition. This study aimed to test the protective effects of Spirulina platensis against ulcerative colitis (UC). UC was induced in thirty-six male Wistar rats by adding dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to their drinking water, while a control group received only drinking water. UC rats were equally-divided into six groups that received a single oral daily dose of vehicle (DSS), sulfasalazine (SSZ, 50 mg/kg/day), chloroform or the hydroalcoholic extracts of Spirulina platensis (100 or 200 mg/kg/day) for 15 days, and then blood and colon samples were harvested for determination of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and histopathology. At the end of the study, compared to time-matched controls, UC rats showed increased TNF-α (1.64-fold), IL-6 (5.73-fold), ESR (3.18-fold), and MPO (1.61-fold), along with loss of body weight (24.73%) and disease activity index (1.767 ± 0.216 vs. 0 ± 0), p < 0.001. These effects were prevented by SSZ treatment (p < 0.001 vs. DSS). The hydroalcoholic extract of Spirulina platensis dose-dependently modulated all DSS-induced inflammatory changes. However, the chloroform extract significantly lowered only IL-6 and ESR, but not TNF-α or MPO levels. The protective effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Spirulina platensis against experimental UC involved mitigation of DSS-induced inflammation.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides and Capsaicin in Rats With Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis via Anti-inflammation and Antioxidation

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 306-306
Author(s):  
Yu-Shan Chen ◽  
Yu Zhi Lian ◽  
Jane Chao
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammation ◽  
Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharides

Abstract Objectives Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease in the colon, and the prevalence of UC is increasing worldwide. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) from wolfberry extract has immunomodulatory effects, and act as a prebiotics candidate. Capsaicin (CAP) as an active ingredient of chili peppers has the potential for anti-inflammation and antioxidation. This study investigated the effects of LBP and CAP on anti-inflammation and antioxidation in rats with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: control, UC (DSS), UC treated with 100 mg/kg bw LBP (LBP), UC treated with 12 mg/kg bw CAP (CAP), and UC treated with a combination of 50 mg/kg bw LBP and 6 mg/kg bw CAP (MIX) groups. The treatment of LBP and/or CAP was daily given by oral gavage from week 1 to week 4, and UC was induced by 5% DSS in drinking water for 6 days during week 3. Results The DSS group significantly increased disease activity index (DAI) scores, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the serum and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the colon, and serum lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA) levels compared with the control group. While the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the serum were significantly decreased in the DSS group. The LBP, CAP, and MIX groups significantly decreased DAI scores on day 6 during the DSS-induced period. Compared with the DSS group, the LBP group significantly decreased serum IL-6 and serum MDA levels, but increased serum CAT activity. The CAP group significantly decreased serum IL-6 levels. The MIX group significantly reduced serum IL-6 and colon TNF-α levels, but elevated serum SOD activity. Conclusions The results suggest that administration of LBP and/or CAP attenuate DSS-induced UC symptoms in rats through the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Funding Sources This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (grant no. MOST 108–2320-B-038–052-MY3).

scholarly journals Polyphenol Extract of Moringa Oleifera Leaves Alleviates Colonic Inflammation in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Treated Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yunjuan Zhang ◽  
Lei Peng ◽  
Wenyun Li ◽  
Tianyi Dai ◽  
Long Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Moringa oleifera Lam. is an essential herb used for the treatment of inflammation, diabetes, high blood pressure, and other diseases. In this study, phenolic extracts of M. oleifera leaves were obtained and analyzed. The results showed that the main identifiable phenols were astragalin, chlorogenic acid, isoquercitrin, kaempferitrin, luteolin, quercetin, and rutin. The effects of M. oleifera polyphenol extract (MOPE) on experimental colitis induced by 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) were investigated. The results showed that oral administration of MOPE significantly alleviated the symptoms of DSS-induced colitis. MOPE significantly reduced weight loss, the disease activity index, colon shortening, and mucosal damage. In addition, MOPE attenuated the infiltration of CD3+ T cells, CD177+ neutrophils, and F4/80+ macrophages and significantly inhibited the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α. After the MOPE administration, the expression of proteins associated with the NF-κB signaling pathway changed. Specifically, compared with that of the DSS group, the protein expression of NF-κB p65 and p-IκBα was downregulated, and the expression of IκBα was upregulated. This study revealed the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of MOPE in the colon, indicating its potential use in preventing inflammation-driven diseases.

scholarly journals Bovine Lactoferrin Protects Dextran Sulfate Sodium Salt Mice Against Inflammation and Impairment of Colonic Epithelial Barrier by Regulating Gut Microbial Structure and Metabolites

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalong Wang ◽  
Jingyu Zhou ◽  
Da Xiao ◽  
Guoshun Shu ◽  
Li Gu
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Bovine Lactoferrin ◽  
16S Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Colon Tissue ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Tnf Α

Background: Ulcerative colitis is characterized by relapsing and remitting mucosal inflammation. Bovine lactoferrin (BL) is a multifunctional protein that could regulate the intestinal flora and has anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of BL on colitis.Methods: Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) was utilized to establish a mouse model of colitis. BL was administered to treat DSS mice. The weight, the activity, and fecal status of the mice were recorded every day. Disease activity index was calculated. After the mice were euthanized, the colon length was measured. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the colon, and histological activity index was calculated. The myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity of colon tissue was measured. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expressions of Claudin-1, Occludin, and ZO-1. The expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and TGF-β in colon tissue were detected by ELISA. The protein expressions of MUC2, Reg3γ, β-defensin (HBD-2), and cAMP were detected by immunofluorescence (IF). 16S rDNA sequencing determined the type and structure of intestinal flora. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) measured the metabolites of the intestinal flora.Results: Compared with the DSS group, the mice's weight in the BL group was higher and the length of the colon was longer. At the 14th day, MPO activity was higher in the BL group. The expressions of Claudin-1, Occludin, and ZO-1 in the colon were up-regulated in the BL group compared with the DSS group. The expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were lower. The expressions of IL-10 and TGF-β were higher. IF showed that the expressions of MUC2 and β-defensin (HBD-2) were down-regulated, and the expressions of Reg3γ and cAMP were up-regulated. The 16S rDNA sequencing results showed that the alpha diversity and beta diversity were notably changed in the DSS mice treated with BL. Metabolomics results showed that BL changed purine metabolism in the DSS mice.Conclusion: BL alleviated colitis in mice by improving the inflammatory response and the structure of the colon barrier in the colon. BL changed the composition and metabolites of the intestinal flora. Thus, BL might be an effective nutritional supplement for colitis treatment.

Oat β-glucan ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3454-3463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Liu ◽  
Qinlu Lin ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
Linna Zeng ◽  
Limin Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Tnf Α

Oral administration of oat β-glucan ameliorates DSS induced colitis in mice by decreasing the expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and iNOS.

Desmethylbellidifolin Attenuates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis: Impact on Intestinal Barrier, Intestinal Inflammation and Gut Microbiota

Planta Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Wu ◽  
Yuzheng Wu ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
Mengyang Liu ◽  
Haiyang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Function Evaluation ◽  
Biological Drugs

AbstractUlcerative colitis has been recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease predominantly disturbing the colon and rectum. Clinically, the aminosalicylates, steroids, immunosuppressants, and biological drugs are generally used for the treatment of ulcerative colitis at different stages of disease progression. However, the therapeutic efficacy of these drugs does not satisfy the patients due to the frequent drug resistance. Herein, we reported the anti-ulcerative colitis activity of desmethylbellidifolin, a xanthone isolated from Gentianella acuta, in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. C57BL/6 mice were treated with 2% dextran sulfate sodium in drinking water to induce acute colitis. Desmethylbellidifolin or balsalazide sodium was orally administrated once a day. Biological samples were collected for immunohistological analysis, intestinal barrier function evaluation, cytokine measurement, and gut microbiota analysis. The results revealed that desmethylbellidifolin alleviated colon shortening and body weight loss in dextran sulfate sodium-induced mice. The disease activity index was also lowered by desmethylbellidifolin after 9 days of treatment. Furthermore, desmethylbellidifolin remarkably ameliorated colonic inflammation through suppressing the expression of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. The intestinal epithelial barrier was strengthened by desmethylbellidifolin through increasing levels of occludin, ZO-1, and claudins. In addition, desmethylbellidifolin modulated the gut dysbiosis induced by dextran sulfate sodium. These findings suggested that desmethylbellidifolin effectively improved experimental ulcerative colitis, at least partly, through maintaining intestinal barrier integrity, inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines, and modulating dysregulated gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Exposure to the Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) Toxin Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) Prolongs and Increases Severity of Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Colitis

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin C. Su ◽  
Thomas M. Blomquist ◽  
Andrew L. Kleinhenz ◽  
Fatimah K. Khalaf ◽  
Prabhatchandra Dube ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Harmful Algal Bloom ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Environmental Toxin ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bloody Stools

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) represents a collection of gastrointestinal disorders resulting from genetic and environmental factors. Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is a toxin produced by cyanobacteria during algal blooms and demonstrates bioaccumulation in the intestinal tract following ingestion. Little is known about the impact of MC-LR ingestion in individuals with IBD. In this study, we sought to investigate MC-LR’s effects in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model. Mice were separated into four groups: (a) water only (control), (b) DSS followed by water (DSS), (c) water followed by MC-LR (MC-LR), and (d) DSS followed by MC-LR (DSS + MC-LR). DSS resulted in weight loss, splenomegaly, and severe colitis marked by transmural acute inflammation, ulceration, shortened colon length, and bloody stools. DSS + MC-LR mice experienced prolonged weight loss and bloody stools, increased ulceration of colonic mucosa, and shorter colon length as compared with DSS mice. DSS + MC-LR also resulted in greater increases in pro-inflammatory transcripts within colonic tissue (TNF-α, IL-1β, CD40, MCP-1) and the pro-fibrotic marker, PAI-1, as compared to DSS-only ingestion. These findings demonstrate that MC-LR exposure not only prolongs, but also worsens the severity of pre-existing colitis, strengthening evidence of MC-LR as an under-recognized environmental toxin in vulnerable populations, such as those with IBD.

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