scholarly journals Implementation of a grid-tied emergency back-up power supply for medium and low power application

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 6233
Author(s):  
Dhiman Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Sharif Miah ◽  
Md. Feroz Hossain ◽  
Uzzal Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Cost Allocation ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Power Application

Emergency back-up power supply units are necessary in case of grid power shortage, considerably poor regulation and costly establishment of a power system facility. In this regard, power electronic converters based systems emerge as consistent, = properly controlled and inexpensive electrical energy providers. This paper presents an implemented design of a grid-tied emergency back-up power supply for medium and low power applications. There are a rectifier-link boost derived DC-DC battery charging circuit and a 4-switch push-pull power inverter (DC-AC) circuit, which are controlled by pulse width modulation (PWM) signals. A changeover relay based transfer switch controls the power flow towards the utility loads. During off-grid situations, loads are fed power by the proposed system and during on-grid situations, battery is charged by an AC-link rectifier-fed boost converter. Charging phenomenon of the battery is controlled by a relay switched protection circuit. Laboratory experiments are carried out extensively for different loads. Power quality assessments along with back-up durations are recorded and analyzed. In addition, a cost allocation affirms the economic feasibility of the proposed framework in case of reasonable consumer applications. The test-bed results corroborate the reliability of the research work.

scholarly journals Design of FinFET based 128 bit SRAM in 7nm & Various Effects near Threshold Operation for Ultra Low Power Application.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 3361-3366
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Leakage Current ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Threshold Region ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Pvt Variations ◽  
Power Application ◽  
Subthreshold Operation ◽  
Near Threshold

With the existing technology and survey it indicates the increasing the number of transistors count and exploring methodologies leads to innovative design in memories. In general SRAM occupies considerable amount of area and less performance due to leakage power that limits the operation under sub threshold region. The power consumption of the circuit design is primarily depends on the switching activity of the transistor that leads to increasing of leakage current at near or subthreshold operation. Some of the challenges like PVT variations, SEU, SEE, and RDF lead to reduction in performance, increasing the power, BTI, sizing, delay and yield. The research work in this paper primarily describes the challenges with the technology and effects on CMOS & Finfet designs. The second aspect of the paper is to represents the design methodologies of CMOS & FinFET models and its operation. The third part of the paper explains design tradeoff of FinFET SRAM. Final sections present a comparison of high performance, low power at normal and near threshold operation. The Comparisons is made on the basis of process parameters and made a conclusion with circuit functionality, reliability under different technologies. FinFET based SRAM’s are the emerging memory trends by the performance under or near sub-threshold operation with the minimal variation in the leakage current, minimal gate delay is an alternate solution to the traditional CMOS memory designs as showed in the present work.

scholarly journals Electrical Power Supply of Remote Maritime Areas: A Review of Hybrid Systems Based on Marine Renewable Energies

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Roy ◽  
François Auger ◽  
Florian Dupriez-Robin ◽  
Salvy Bourguet ◽  
Quoc Tuan Tran
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
System Development ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Energy Integration ◽  
Ocean Energy

Ocean energy holds out great potential for supplying remote maritime areas with their energy requirements, where the grid size is often small and unconnected to a continental grid. Thanks to their high maturity and competitive price, solar and wind energies are currently the most used to provide electrical energy. However, their intermittency and variability limit the power supply reliability. To solve this drawback, storage systems and Diesel generators are often used. Otherwise, among all marine renewable energies, tidal and wave energies are reaching an interesting technical level of maturity. The better predictability of these sources makes them more reliable than other alternatives. Thus, combining different renewable energy sources would reduce the intermittency and variability of the total production and so diminish the storage and genset requirements. To foster marine energy integration and new multisource system development, an up-to-date review of projects already carried out in this field is proposed. This article first presents the main characteristics of the different sources which can provide electrical energy in remote maritime areas: solar, wind, tidal, and wave energies. Then, a review of multi-source systems based on marine energies is presented, concerning not only industrial projects but also concepts and research work. Finally, the main advantages and limits are discussed.

ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY OF LOW-POWER AUTONOMOUS POWER SUPPLY EQUIPMENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.N. Delyagin ◽  
◽  
V.I. Bocharov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Nonlinear Load ◽  
Harmonic Components

The article presents the results of research on the evaluation of electromagnetic compatibility of elements of the power supply system for Autonomous low-power consumers. The subject of the study is a quantitative assessment of the level of harmonic components of currents and voltages in systems: a permanent magnet generator-a DC-to-AC Converter-a consumer with a nonlinear load and interfering interaction of jointly working elements of this system. The level of harmonics of voltage and current in the local electrical network (farm), repeatedly (from 3 to 10 times) exceeds the regulatory requirements. The multiplicity of the increase in electrical energy losses (K-Factor) is from 5("pure" sine of the DC-AC Converter) to 20 (rectangular meander). When designing Autonomous systems, it is necessary to provide measures to reduce the loss of electrical energy, exit from standing electrical equipment and false triggering of electronic devices in the consumer of electric energy

Stochastic Economic Load Dispatch Under Supply and Load Uncertainty – A Case Study on Modified IEEE 5 BUS Power System

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anik Nath ◽  
Nur Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Optimal Power Flow ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Economic Load Dispatch ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Optimal Power ◽  
Stochastic Load

Background: In the contemporary world, the use of energy, especially electrical energy is increasing rapidly. Without this power, modern civilized life cannot think for a moment. Thereby a huge amount of electrical energy is needed. We have to generate a huge amount of electricity to meet the growing demand maintaining necessary conditions and constraints. A rapid divergent strategy called Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) has been introduced to distribute generated energy economically during times of crisis. The problem of economic load dispatch is solved with the help of optimal power flow (OPF) formation. The OPF is a primary tool related to the optimum generation schedule available in an interconnected power system to reduce production costs subject to the limitations and constrains of the relevant system. The static economic dispatch optimizes over single dispatch intervals, which is called “ED static”. Due to high load variability and uncertainty, the ED-static is not work properly. Thereby a deterministic look-ahead dispatch is established which take care of the increasing renewable penetration. To take decisions against uncertainty stochastic load dispatch is required. In this research paper, an economic study of the modified IEEE 5 bus power system will be presented. Moreover, some intelligent changes to this system will include the goal of reducing costs, including maximum power supply. The optimal power flow of the modified IEEE 5 bus system considering plausible scenario will represent based on stochastic load dispatch optimization model. Method: The extension version of Economic load dispatch where load flow equations are applied and as a system of supply-demand balance constraints is called optimal power flow. To solve the optimal power flow Lagrangian method is used. Karusk-Khun-Tucker (KKT) conditions are applied to solving the Lagrangian method. Results: The results show that during uncertainty and stochastic loads, the storage system with renewable power and generator is suitable for cost reduction with maximum supply. Conclusion: The results further show that for any type of loads such as fixed load and stochastic load in IEEE 5Bus system, if both renewable energies such as wind power, solar power, the storage devices are used in the generation system, which ensures maximum power supply with the cost is reduced.

scholarly journals ULTRA LOW POWER HYBRID MICRO ENERGY HARVESTER USING RF, THERMAL AND VIBRATION FOR BIOMEDICAL DEVICES

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahariah Sampe ◽  
Farah Fatin Zulkifli ◽  
Nor Afidatul Asni Semsudin ◽  
Md Shabiul Islam ◽  
Burhanuddin Yeop Majlis
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Boost Converter ◽  
Biomedical Devices ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Voltage Multiplier

<p class="lead">The objective of this research is to design ultra-low power Hybrid Micro Energy Harvester (HMEH) circuit using hybrid inputs of radio frequency (RF), thermal and vibration for biomedical devices. In the HMEH architecture, three input sources (RF, thermal and vibration) are combined in parallel to solve the limitation issue of a single source energy harvester and to improve the system performance. Energy will be scavenged from the human body for thermal and vibration sources by converting directly temperature difference and human movement to electrical energy. The inputs are set to 0.02V and 0.5V for thermal and vibration respectively with the frequency of 1 kHz. Meanwhile, RF source is absorbed from radio wave propagation in our surrounding. For this work, the frequency is set to 915MHz and the output voltages for input ranges of-20dBm to 5dBm are recorded. The performance analysis of the HMEH is divided into two; thermal and vibration harvester circuit and RF harvester circuit. These proposed HMEH circuits are modeled, designed and simulated using PSPICE software. Vibration produces AC input and will be converted to DC using a rectifier. A comparator is used to compare the two sources (thermal and vibration) and boost converter is proposed to step-up these small input sources. Meanwhile, due to RF large frequency, the voltage multiplier is practical for both rectify and step up the input instead of the boost converter. LC resonant network is used to amplify low ambient input of RF passively before it goes to 4–stages voltage multiplier. The proposed HMEH able to achieve the output ranges of 2.0 to 4.0V with 1MΩ load. The results obtained in this research work shows that the proposed design able to produce sufficient voltage for biomedical application requirement which lies between 2.0–4.0 V from the ambient input of 0.02 to 0.5V for thermal and vibration while-9dBm for RF signal.</p>

AlInAs/GaInAs on InP HEMTs for low power supply voltage operation of high power-added efficiency microwave amplifiers

1993 ◽  
Vol 29 (15) ◽  
pp. 1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.E. Larson ◽  
M.M. Matloubian ◽  
J.J. Brown ◽  
A.S. Brown ◽  
M. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
High Power ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Power Supply Voltage ◽  
Power Added Efficiency ◽  
Microwave Amplifiers

scholarly journals Microgrid as a Cost-Effective Alternative to Rural Network Underground Cabling for Adequate Reliability

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanna Uski ◽  
Erkka Rinne ◽  
Janne Sarsama
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Cost Calculation ◽  
Islanded Operation

Microgrids can be used for securing the supply of power during network outages. Underground cabling of distribution networks is another effective but conventional and expensive alternative to enhance the reliability of the power supply. This paper first presents an analysis method for the determination of microgrid power supply adequacy during islanded operation and, second, presents a comparison method for the overall cost calculation of microgrids versus underground cabling. The microgrid power adequacy during a rather long network outage is required in order to indicate high level of reliability of the supply. The overall cost calculation considers the economic benefits and costs incurred, combined for both the distribution network company and the consumer. Whereas the microgrid setup determines the islanded-operation power adequacy and thus the reliability of the supply, the economic feasibility results from the normal operations and services. The methods are illustrated by two typical, and even critical, case studies in rural distribution networks: an electric-heated detached house and a dairy farm. These case studies show that even in the case of a single consumer, a microgrid option could be more economical than network renovation by underground cabling of a branch in order to increase the reliability.

scholarly journals A Low Power AC/DC Interface for Wind-Powered Sensor Nodes

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1823
Author(s):  
Mohammad Haidar ◽  
Hussein Chible ◽  
Corrado Boragno ◽  
Daniele D. Caviglia
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Constant Voltage ◽  
Interface Circuit ◽  
Switching Converter ◽  
Input Signals

Sensor nodes have been assigned a lot of tasks in a connected environment that is growing rapidly. The power supply remains a challenge that is not answered convincingly. Energy harvesting is an emerging solution that is being studied to integrate in low power applications such as internet of things (IoT) and wireless sensor networks (WSN). In this work an interface circuit for a novel fluttering wind energy harvester is presented. The system consists of a switching converter controlled by a low power microcontroller. Optimization techniques on the hardware and software level have been implemented, and a prototype is developed for testing. Experiments have been done with generated input signals resulting in up to 67% efficiency for a constant voltage input. Other experiments were conducted in a wind tunnel that showed a transient output that is compatible with the target applications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document