Chemical by-Product Diagnostic Technique for Gas Insulated Switchgear Condition Monitoring

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Visa Musa Ibrahim ◽  
Zulkurnain Abdul-Malek ◽  
Nor Asiah Muhamad
Keyword(s):  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Artificial Defect ◽  
Gas Insulated Switchgear ◽  
Different Types ◽  
By Products

<p>Chemical by product diagnostic technique is an efficient, cost-effective and reliable diagnostic technique for gas insulate switchgear condition monitoring in view of its high sensitivity and anti- internal and external electromagnetic interference and noise. In this research paper, coaxial simulated gas insulated switchgear chamber and four different types of artificial defect were designed to cause partial discharge that will simulate the decomposition of sulphur hexafluoride gas in the chamber when energize. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer was used as the method of chemical by-product technique to detect the SF<sub>6</sub> decomposition product and its concentration. Different numerous by-products were detected (SO<sub>2</sub>, SOF<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>F<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>F<sub>10</sub>, SiF<sub>4</sub>, CO, C<sub>3</sub>F<sub>8</sub>, C<sub>2</sub>F<sub>6 </sub>) under this experiment using four different types of defect and the by-products differs with the type of defect and the generation rate. Gas insulated switchgear health condition can be feasibly diagnosed by analyzing the decomposition products of SF<sub>6</sub> to identify its fault.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Prediction of Preterm Birth: Maternal Characteristics, Ultrasound Markers, and Biomarkers: An Updated Overview

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep Asli Oskovi Kaplan ◽  
A. Seval Ozgu-Erdinc
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Strain Ratio ◽  
Cervical Length ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Fetal Fibronectin ◽  
Maternal Characteristics

There is not a single or combined screening method for preterm birth with high sensitivity which will truly identify the women at risk for preterm birth while also with high specificity to prevent unnecessary interventions and high treatment costs. Measurement of cervical length is the most cost-effective method that is used in clinical practice. Bedside tests have also been developed for detecting markers like fetal fibronectin, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), interleukin-6, and placental alpha-macroglobulin-1. Taking the maternal history, health condition, and sociodemographical factors into consideration is recommended. Ultrasound markers apart from cervical length measurements as uterocervical angle and placental strain ratio are studied. Investigations on metabolomics, proteomics, and microRNA profiling have brought a new aspect on this subject. Maybe in the future, with clear identification of women at true risk for preterm birth, development of more effective preventive strategies will not be unfeasible.

scholarly journals RetComm 1.0: Real Time Condition Monitoring of Rotating Machinery Failure

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Lee Chun Hong ◽  
Abd Kadir Mahamad ◽  
Sharifah Saon
Keyword(s):  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Vibration Signal ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Android Application ◽  
Matlab Software ◽  
Condition Monitoring System ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Condition Diagnosis ◽  
Spectrum Graph

The breakdown of motor proves to be very expensive as it increases downtime on the machines. Development of cost-effective and reliable condition monitoring system for the protection of motors to avoid unexpected breakdowns is necessary. Therefore, RetComm 1.0 is developed as assistant tool for bearing condition diagnosis system. The smartphone accelerometer is used to collect the vibration signal data and send it to computer by using the Android application named Matlab Mobile. The Matlab software is used to implement a program which is the RetComm 1.0 system to analyse the vibration signal and monitor the condition of the bearing. The algorithm used to observe the condition of bearing is trained by using Artificial Neural Network (ANN). In this project, the ANN is trained by using Matlab software. This proposed method is implemented for early diagnosis purposes. The diagnosis process can be done by just attached the smartphone onto the bearing for data collection. In conclusion, the bearing condition can be identified with this system. The bearing condition are shown in text to let the user know the bearing conditions. The raw data and power spectrum graph plotting are to let the user more further to understand the health condition of the bearing.

Backscattered Electron Imaging of GaAs/AlGaAs Super Lattice Structures with an Ultra-High- Resolution SEM

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
Kazumichi Ogura ◽  
Michael M. Kersker
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
Electron Beam Current ◽  
Lattice Structures ◽  
Super Lattice ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Backscattered Electron ◽  
Electron Imaging

Backscattered electron (BE) images of GaAs/AlGaAs super lattice structures were observed with an ultra high resolution (UHR) SEM JSM-890 with an ultra high sensitivity BE detector. Three different types of super lattice structures of GaAs/AlGaAs were examined. Each GaAs/AlGaAs wafer was cleaved by a razor after it was heated for approximately 1 minute and its crosssectional plane was observed.First, a multi-layer structure of GaAs (100nm)/AlGaAs (lOOnm) where A1 content was successively changed from 0.4 to 0.03 was observed. Figures 1 (a) and (b) are BE images taken at an accelerating voltage of 15kV with an electron beam current of 20pA. Figure 1 (c) is a sketch of this multi-layer structure corresponding to the BE images. The various layers are clearly observed. The differences in A1 content between A1 0.35 Ga 0.65 As, A1 0.4 Ga 0.6 As, and A1 0.31 Ga 0.69 As were clearly observed in the contrast of the BE image.

Study on Field Demonstration of High Sensitivity SF6 Leakage Detection Method for Gas Insulated Switchgear

2020 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. 409-414
Author(s):  
Masaru Tatemi ◽  
Hisao Inami ◽  
Toshiaki Rokunohe ◽  
Makoto Hirose
Keyword(s):  
Detection Method ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Leakage Detection ◽  
Gas Insulated Switchgear

The CSF p-tau181/Aβ42 Ratio Offers a Good Accuracy “In Vivo” in the Differential Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Dementia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 587-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Santangelo ◽  
Alessandro Dell'Edera ◽  
Arianna Sala ◽  
Giordano Cecchetti ◽  
Federico Masserini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Daily Clinical Practice ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Experimental Trials ◽  
Csf Findings

Background: The incoming disease-modifying therapies against Alzheimer’s disease (AD) require reliable diagnostic markers to correctly enroll patients all over the world. CSF AD biomarkers, namely amyloid-β 42 (Aβ42), total tau (t-tau), and tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-tau181), showed good diagnostic accuracy in detecting AD pathology, but their real usefulness in daily clinical practice is still a matter of debate. Therefore, further validation in complex clinical settings, that is patients with different types of dementia, is needed to uphold their future worldwide adoption. Methods: We measured CSF AD biomarkers’ concentrations in a sample of 526 patients with a clinical diagnosis of dementia (277 with AD and 249 with Other Type of Dementia, OTD). Brain FDG-PET was also considered in a subsample of 54 patients with a mismatch between the clinical diagnosis and the CSF findings. Results: A p-tau181/Aβ42 ratio higher than 0.13 showed the best diagnostic performance in differentiating AD from OTD (86% accuracy index, 74% sensitivity, 81% specificity). In cases with a mismatch between clinical diagnosis and CSF findings, brain FDG-PET partially agreed with the p-tau181/Aβ42 ratio, thus determining an increase in CSF accuracy. Conclusions: The p-tau181/Aβ42 ratio alone might reliably detect AD pathology in heterogeneous samples of patients suffering from different types of dementia. It might constitute a simple, cost-effective and reproducible in vivo proxy of AD suitable to be adopted worldwide not only in daily clinical practice but also in future experimental trials, to avoid the enrolment of misdiagnosed AD patients.

scholarly journals Cost-Effective Condition Monitoring for Wind Turbines

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxian Yang ◽  
P.J. Tavner ◽  
C.J. Crabtree ◽  
M. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Condition

scholarly journals Rapid Detection and Quantification of Patulin and Citrinin Contamination in Fruits

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4545
Author(s):  
Sudharsan Sadhasivam ◽  
Omer Barda ◽  
Varda Zakin ◽  
Ram Reifen ◽  
Edward Sionov
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Pear Fruit ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Pome Fruits ◽  
Reliable Methods ◽  
By Products ◽  
Detection And Quantification

Patulin (PAT) and citrinin (CTN) are the most common mycotoxins produced by Penicillium and Aspergillus species and are often associated with fruits and fruit by-products. Hence, simple and reliable methods for monitoring these toxins in foodstuffs are required for regular quality assessment. In this study, we aimed to establish a cost-effective method for detection and quantification of PAT and CTN in pome fruits, such as apples and pears, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with spectroscopic detectors without the need for any clean-up steps. The method showed good performance in the analysis of these mycotoxins in apple and pear fruit samples with recovery ranges of 55–97% for PAT and 84–101% for CTN, respectively. The limits of detection (LOD) of PAT and CTN in fruits were 0.006 µg/g and 0.001 µg/g, while their limits of quantification (LOQ) were 0.018 µg/g and 0.003 µg/g, respectively. The present findings indicate that the newly developed HPLC method provides rapid and accurate detection of PAT and CTN in fruits.

scholarly journals Multiplexed detection of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory infections in high throughput by SARSeq

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Yelagandula ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr Bykov ◽  
Alexander Vogt ◽  
Robert Heinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Massively Parallel ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Saliva Analysis ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Generation Sequencing

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the need for massively-parallel, cost-effective tests monitoring viral spread. Here we present SARSeq, saliva analysis by RNA sequencing, a method to detect SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses on tens of thousands of samples in parallel. SARSeq relies on next generation sequencing of multiple amplicons generated in a multiplexed RT-PCR reaction. Two-dimensional, unique dual indexing, using four indices per sample, enables unambiguous and scalable assignment of reads to individual samples. We calibrate SARSeq on SARS-CoV-2 synthetic RNA, virions, and hundreds of human samples of various types. Robustness and sensitivity were virtually identical to quantitative RT-PCR. Double-blinded benchmarking to gold standard quantitative-RT-PCR performed by human diagnostics laboratories confirms this high sensitivity. SARSeq can be used to detect Influenza A and B viruses and human rhinovirus in parallel, and can be expanded for detection of other pathogens. Thus, SARSeq is ideally suited for differential diagnostic of infections during a pandemic.

scholarly journals A two-stage amplified PZT sensor for monitoring lung and heart sounds in discharged pneumonia patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbin Chen ◽  
Shuai Yu ◽  
Haiyang Liu ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Yongguang Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Heart Sounds ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Sensor Device ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative ◽  
A Charge ◽  
Highly Sensitive Detection

AbstractAssessment of lung and heart states is of critical importance for patients with pneumonia. In this study, we present a small-sized and ultrasensitive accelerometer for continuous monitoring of lung and heart sounds to evaluate the lung and heart states of patients. Based on two-stage amplification, which consists of an asymmetric gapped cantilever and a charge amplifier, our accelerometer exhibited an extremely high ratio of sensitivity to noise compared with conventional structures. Our sensor achieves a high sensitivity of 9.2 V/g at frequencies less than 1000 Hz, making it suitable to use to monitor weak physiological signals, including heart and lung sounds. For the first time, lung injury, heart injury, and both lung and heart injuries in discharged pneumonia patients were revealed by our sensor device. Our sound sensor also successfully tracked the recovery course of the discharged pneumonia patients. Over time, the lung and heart states of the patients gradually improved after discharge. Our observations were in good agreement with clinical reports. Compared with conventional medical instruments, our sensor device provides rapid and highly sensitive detection of lung and heart sounds, which greatly helps in the evaluation of lung and heart states of pneumonia patients. This sensor provides a cost-effective alternative approach to the diagnosis and prognosis of pneumonia and has the potential for clinical and home-use health monitoring.

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