Abstract P189: Acculturation Status is Associated with Selected Plasma Nutrient Biomarkers of Dietary Intake and CVD Risk in Adult Chinese Americans

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirupa R Matthan ◽  
Kyung-Jin Yeum ◽  
Sarah L Booth ◽  
Sonia Suchday ◽  
Judith Wylie-Rosett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Chinese Americans ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Hydrogenated Fat ◽  
Culture Identification ◽  
The Impact

The demographic changes anticipated in the U.S. over the next decade magnify the importance of addressing health disparities among minority populations. Chinese Americans are a fast growing minority subgroup, yet there is limited and inconsistent data on the impact of dietary acculturation and subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in this population. This discrepancy could be related to the subjective nature of the assessment tools used to collect dietary data along with cultural/linguistic barriers to the implementation of these methods. We hypothesized that higher acculturation status will be associated with dietary patterns that more closely resemble the typical U.S. diet and subsequently with a higher risk of CVD in Chinese Americans (N=225). Dietary intake was evaluated using plasma concentrations of validated objective plasma nutrient biomarkers: phylloquinone for green leafy vegetables/vegetable oils and partially-hydrogenated fat; phospholipid concentrations of 15:0 and 20:4n-6 for dairy and meat, omega 3 for fish, trans (18:1n-9T, 18:1n-7T) for partially-hydrogenated fat; carotenoids for fruit and vegetables (F&V) including carotene (green/yellow/orange F&V), cryptoxanthin (orange/red F&V), lutein/zeaxanthin (green leafy vegetables), lycopene (tomatoes, mainly from pizza and pasta sauce); and isoflavones (genistein, diadzein) for soy containing foods. The biomarker data was then correlated with acculturation status (assessed using the Stephenson Multigroup Acculturation scale) as well as the CVD risk factor data. Results (for all r values, p<0.05) indicate that higher dominant culture identification was associated with higher 15:0, 18:1n-7T and lycopene intakes (r=0.11, r=0.14 and r=0.15, respectively), while higher ethnic culture identification was associated with higher plasma phylloquinone (r=0.12) and isoflavone (r=0.34) concentrations. With regard to CVD risk factors, plasma LDL-cholesterol was positively associated with 20:4n-6 (r=0.13) and inversely associated with lutein (r=-0.13) and zeaxanthin (r=-0.12) concentrations. Plasma triglyceride was positively associated with carotene (r=0.14); plasma insulin was also positively associated with carotene (r=0.15), lycopene (r=0.120 and 15:0 (r=0.11); while plasma glucose was positively associated with 18:1n-9T (r=0.16), 18:1n-7T (r=0.12) and zeaxanthin (r=0.20) concentrations. These results indicate that higher acculturation status is associated with dietary patterns that more closely resemble the typical U.S. diet, as reflected by higher concentrations of dietary biomarkers for meat, dairy and tomato based products and partially-hydrogenated fat intake; and lower fruit, vegetable and soy intake and subsequently an unfavorable CVD risk profile.

Do dietary patterns and morbidities have a relationship with primary infertility among women? A study from NFHS-4 (2015–16), India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Sayeed Unisa ◽  
Kanchan Negi ◽  
Sucharita Pujari ◽  
Vaishali Chaurasia
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Primary Infertility

Abstract This study assessed the rate of primary infertility and its associated factors among 402,807 currently married women aged 20–49 years in India using National Family Health Survey-4 data collected in 2015–2016. Dietary patterns and selected morbidities were included as independent variables, and socioeconomic variables were considered as covariates. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were done to estimate the prevalence of primary infertility and assess its association with the selected variables, respectively. The rate of primary infertility among currently married women in India in 2015–16 was 1.9% and this was significantly associated with younger age (<35 years), higher age at marriage (≥18 years), urban residence, higher secondary or above education and poverty. The consumption of dairy products (OR = 0.79, CI = 0.73–0.86), dark green leafy vegetables (OR = 0.57, CI = 0.39–0.81) and fruit (OR = 0.88, CI = 0.77–1.01) significantly reduced the odds of primary infertility. Daily consumption of fish and aerated drinks was related to 1.06–1.21 times higher odds of primary infertility. Overweight/obesity, high blood pressure and high blood glucose levels were associated with 1.08–1.21 times elevated odds of primary infertility. Thyroid disorder (OR = 1.38, CI = 1.21–1.60), heart disease (OR = 1.17, CI = 1.16–1.19) and severe anaemia (OR = 1.24, CI = 1.00–1.53) were associated with an increased likelihood of primary infertility among women (OR 1.17–1.39, CI 1.00–1.60). The findings provide compelling evidence that primary infertility among women is related to dietary patterns and morbidities. Interventions and programmes targeting the promotion of healthy diets and lifestyles could be beneficial in addressing the issue of primary infertility among women.

scholarly journals Dietary Diversity in Cambodian Garment Workers: The Role of Free Lunch Provision

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Makurat ◽  
Eleonore Kretz ◽  
Frank Wieringa ◽  
Chhoun Chamnan ◽  
Michael Krawinkel
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Garment Workers ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Randomised Controlled

The objective of this paper is to compare food consumption by Cambodian garment workers with and without access to a free model lunch provision through a factory-based canteen. Data from an exploratory randomised controlled trial were analysed. In total, 223 female Cambodian garment workers were allocated to an intervention arm (six-month lunch provision) or a control arm. Dietary intake on workdays was assessed by qualitative 24-h recalls at baseline and twice at follow-ups during the period of lunch provision using the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) guideline on assessing women’s dietary diversity. In total, 158 participants provided complete data on the dietary intake over workdays at all interviews. Lunch provision resulted in a more frequent consumption of dark green leafy vegetables (DGLV), vitamin A-rich fruits, other fruits, and oils and fats during lunch breaks. In contrast, flesh meats, legumes, nuts and seeds, as well as sweets, were eaten at a lower frequency. Except for a higher consumption rate of vitamin A-rich fruits and a lower intake frequency of sweets, lunch provision had a less clear impact on total 24-h intake from different food groups and was not associated with a higher women’s dietary diversity score (WDDS). A more gap-oriented design of the lunch sets taking into account underutilised foods and the nutritional status of the workers is recommended.

scholarly journals Impact of vegetable farming on farmers livelihood patterns in Dhankuta, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 131-150
Author(s):  
Basanta Paudel ◽  
Kishor Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Rural Municipality ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Farmers ◽  
Vegetable Farming ◽  
The Impact

This paper deals with the livelihood pattern and the socio-economic condition of vegetable farmers of Chhathar Jorpati rural municipality, which lies in the eastern part of Dhankuta district of Nepal. The study applied household questionnaire survey, focus group discussion and field observation to collect information of vegetable farming and the impact of vegetable farming on farmers’ livelihood. The study conducted 45 households questionnaire survey in total using simple random sampling in ward number six of Chhathar Jorpati rural municipality. The statistical analysis of collected field survey data was preformed through correlation test and standard deviation. The result shows that the socio-economic condition and the livelihood of the vegetable farmers is improving in recent years. Before doing commercial vegetable farming, farmers cultivated potatoes and used to exchange their production with cereal crops to the neighboring villages. Farmers used to cultivate maize in their farmland, but due to the climatic and the topographic condition it took almost nine months (from January to October) for production. Among the total households, 24.4 percent farmers have seven members in their family and the average family size is 6.3. The Chhetri is the dominant ethnic group of the study area. Among educated groups, the majorities have completed secondary level of education. Most of the farmers are (35.5%) holding land size between 16 and 20 Ropani (0.82-0.10ha.). The majorities of the farmers cultivated high valued vegetables i. e., cauliflower, cabbage, tomato, pea, radish, carrot and green leafy vegetables. The average income from vegetable farming is NRs. 250000/household per year. Primarily, farmers use their income to manage foods, clothes, children education and daily-required goods. Further, due to the lack of sufficient human resources, improved seeds and fertilizer, the majorities of the farmers are facing challenges in their vegetable farming. In addition to this, the vegetable farmers are utilizing their capabilities and are devoted to enhance their livelihood through vegetable farming.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Impact of a Food-Based Approach to Solving Vitamin A Deficiency in Bangladesh

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Greiner ◽  
S.N. Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
World View ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Project Area ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Women Volunteers ◽  
24 Hour Recall ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the third year (March 1992-March 1993) of a World view International Foundation project to increase the production and consumption of high-carotene foods in Gaibandah district, Bangladesh, was evaluated. The mothers of more than 2,500 children age one to six years, representative of Gaibandah, were interviewed at one-year intervals and compared with a similar sample in a geographically adjacent non-project area of equal size. A 24-hour recall was done regarding green leafy vegetables, yellow fruits and vegetables, oil-rich foods, and non-carotene-rich vegetables. This project was multidimensional and was based on community participation. It used women volunteers, health assistants, and schools to spread knowledge, skills, and encouragement for growing carotene-rich foods and feeding them to young children. Modern and traditional mass media reinforced the messages. Seeds for mainly local varieties of high-carotene foods were distributed free or in certain cases sold by a network of trained women volunteers. Knowledge of the problem and its causes increased in response to the communications. Home production of the targeted high-carotene foods increased remarkably in both the project and the non-project areas. Consumption patterns changed markedly but predictably toward more expensive foods during the study year due to an unprecedented drop in the price of rice. Children's consumption of all but the non-carotene rich vegetables increased significantly in Gaibandah. In the nonproject area, consumption of yellow fruits and vegetables increased as much as in Gaibandah, oil-rich foods less than in Gaibandah, and non-carotene-rich vegetables much more than in Gaibandah. However, consumption of green leafy vegetables decreased significantly in the non-project area and increased significantly in Gaibandah. In March 1993,26 % and 52 % of children, respectively, had eaten green leafy vegetables the day before the interview.

scholarly journals Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals in the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman M. Alissa ◽  
Gordon A. Ferns
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Physiological Benefits ◽  
The Impact

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is now the leading cause of death globally and is a growing health concern. Dietary factors are important in the pathogenesis of CVD and may to a large degree determine CVD risk, but have been less extensively investigated. Functional foods are those that are thought to have physiological benefits and/or reduce the risk of chronic disease beyond their basic nutritional functions. The food industry has started to market products labelled as “functional foods.” Although many review articles have focused on individual dietary variables as determinants of CVD that can be modified to reduce the risk of CVD, the aim of this current paper was to examine the impact of functional foods in relation to the development and progression of CVD. Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated the association between certain dietary patterns and cardiovascular health. Research into the cardio-protective potential of their dietary components might support the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals. This paper will also compare the effect of individual bioactive dietary compounds with the effect of some dietary patterns in terms of their cardiovascular protection.

scholarly journals Dietary diversification for prevention of anaemia among women of childbearing age from rural India

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 939-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shobha Rao ◽  
Smita Joshi ◽  
Pradnya Bhide ◽  
Bhairavi Puranik ◽  
Kanade Asawari
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
High Participation ◽  
Consequent Reduction ◽  
Diet Pattern ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the impact of an intervention modifying dietary habits for the prevention of anaemia in rural India.DesignIntervention study with data on anthropometric (weight, height) measurements, Hb and diet pattern. As per the cut-off for Hb in the government programme, women with Hb <11 g/dl had to be given Fe tablets and formed the supplemented group while those with Hb > 11 g/dl formed the non-supplemented group.SettingsThree villages near Pune city, Maharashtra, India.SubjectsRural non-pregnant women (n 317) of childbearing age (15–35 years).ResultsAfter 1 year of intervention, mean Hb increased (from 10·94 (sd 1·22) g/dl to 11·59 (sd 1·11) g/dl) significantly (P < 0·01) with a consequent reduction in the prevalence of anaemia (from 82·0 % to 55·4 %) as well as Fe-deficiency anaemia (from 30·3 % to 10·8 %). Gain in Hb was inversely associated with the initial level of Hb. Significant gain in Hb (0·57 g/dl) was observed among women attending >50 % of the meetings or repeating >50 % of the recipes at home (0·45 g/dl) in the non-supplemented group and was smaller than that observed in the supplemented group. Consumption of green leafy vegetables more than twice weekly increased substantially from 44·7 % to 60·6 %, as did consumption of seasonal fruits. Logistic regression showed that women with lower participation in the intervention had three times higher risk (OR = 3·08; 95 % CI 1·04, 9·13; P = 0·04) for no gain in Hb compared with those having high participation.ConclusionsDeveloping action programmes for improving nutritional awareness to enhance the consumption of Fe-rich foods has great potential for preventing anaemia in rural India.

scholarly journals Impact of industrial pollution on physiological growth and nutrient contents of common green leafy vegetables

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Tharani V ◽  
Revathi P
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Pollution ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Coimbatore District ◽  
Normal Soil ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil And Water

The agriculture has been always remaining as backbone of economy. Maintenance of soil and water quality has been pointed out as one of the major contributing factors for sustainability of agricultural production. Conserving the water sources and agricultural lands for getting non-toxic food from plants, the present study has undertaken to investigate the mineral composition and vitamin contents of green leafy vegetables as well as the effect of pollution on plant physiology. Normal soil and water, Industrial non - recycled water and soil were collected from the Thekkampatti village of Karamadai, Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu. Industrial recycled water and soil have collected from the Otterpalayam (Annur) of Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu. The result indicates that industrial non recycled water possess pH of 8.9 shows alkalinity. Industrial water non recycled soil the Chromium (58.0 mg/L) is present in higher quantity. The germination percentage was desirably good in normal soil and followed by water recycled soil cultivated green leaves. In non-recycled soil it was delayed thegermination and percentage also very poor. In case of Amaranthus polygonoides, the germination was completely inhibited by the water recycled soil as well as water non-recycled polluted soil. The impact of pollution present in the non-recycled soil was clearly observed in respective plant leaf numbers, size and shoot length. The present study is also one of the attempts to prove the importance of recycling of industrial pollution as well as the impact of non-recycled heavy metal pollution in common green leafy vegetables growth and nutrients. The industries should follow the recycling process based on the chemicals utilized for their products. The soil and water are need to conserve with efficient recycling methods in order to prevent the pollution which in turn becomes health hazards for the human and other living organisms through crop plants.

scholarly journals The Role of Specific Components of a Plant-Based Diet in Management of Dyslipidemia and the Impact on Cardiovascular Risk

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elke A. Trautwein ◽  
Sue McKay
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Diet Patterns ◽  
The Impact

Convincing evidence supports the intake of specific food components, food groups, or whole dietary patterns to positively influence dyslipidemia and to lower risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Specific macro- and micro-components of a predominantly plant-based dietary pattern are vegetable fats, dietary fibers, and phytonutrients such as phytosterols. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding effects of these components on lowering blood lipids, i.e., low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and on reducing CVD risk. The beneficial role of a plant-based diet on cardiovascular (CV) health has increasingly been recognized. Plant-based dietary patterns include a Mediterranean and Nordic diet pattern, the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH), and Portfolio diet, as well as vegetarian- or vegan-type diet patterns. These diets have all been found to lower CVD-related risk factors like blood LDL-C, and observational study evidence supports their role in lowering CVD risk. These diet patterns are not only beneficial for dyslipidemia management and prevention of CVD but further contribute to reducing the impact of food choices on environmental degradation. Hence, the CV health benefits of a predominantly plant-based diet as a healthy and environmentally sustainable eating pattern are today recommended by many food-based dietary as well as clinical practice guidelines.

scholarly journals Identifying Dietary Consumption Patterns from Survey Data: a Bayesian Nonparametric Latent Class Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Briana Joy Kennedy Stephenson ◽  
Francesca Dominici
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Latent Class Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Class Model ◽  
The Impact

Dietary intake is one of the largest contributing factors to cardiovascular health in the United States. Amongst low-income adults, the impact is even more devastating.Dietary assessments, such as 24-hour recalls, provide snapshots of dietary habits in a study population. Questions remain on how generalizable those snapshots are in nationally representative survey data, where certain subgroups are sampled disproportionately to comprehensively examine the population. Many of the models that derive dietary patterns account for study design by incorporating the sampling weights to the derived model parameter estimates post hoc. We propose a Bayesian overfitted latent class model that accounts for survey design and sampling variability to derive dietary patterns in adults aged 20 and older. We compare these results with a subset of the population, adults considered low-income (at or below the 130% poverty income threshold) to understand if and how these patterns generalize in a smaller subpopulation. Using dietary intake data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, we identified six dietary patterns in the US adult population. These differed in consumption features found in the five dietary patterns derived in low-income adults. Reproducible code/data are provided on GitHub to encourage further research and application in this area.

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