Abstract P131: Is Older Age (≥ 65 years old) Associated with Increased Mortality Following Extra-Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation?

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David L Narotsky ◽  
Matthew Mosca ◽  
Ming Liao ◽  
Linda Mongero ◽  
James Beck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Social Security Death Index ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Background: Extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is increasingly being used as a life-saving bypass technique for patients whose acute cardiopulmonary failure is potentially reversible and refractory to conventional care. Prognostic data for ECMO among diverse patients are limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between age (≥ 65 vs. <65 years) and 1-year mortality after ECMO, adjusted for confounders. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort analysis of 131 consecutive adult patients (28% ≥65 years old, 26% racial/ethnic minority, 38% female) enrolled in an ECMO database who received veno-arterial ECMO at an academic medical center between 2004-2013. Demographics, comorbid conditions, admission characteristics, and mortality status at 1 year were obtained from the hospital clinical information system, updated monthly with Social Security Death Index data. Univariate and multivariate adjusted Cox proportional hazard analyses were conducted to evaluate the associations between age strata and post-ECMO mortality. Results: The 1-year mortality rate post-ECMO was 56% (n=73). Age ≥ 65 vs. <65 was significantly associated with increased mortality (HR=1.8; 95% CI=1.1-2.9); the association was attenuated and did not retain statistical significance after adjustment for comorbid conditions (HR=1.4; 95% CI=0.8-2.5). Figure 1 illustrates mortality risk by age strata adjusted for: a) demographics (race/ethnicity and sex) and b) demographics and comorbid conditions. Race/ethnicity and sex were not significantly associated with 1-year mortality. Significant predictors of mortality included: Medicaid vs. other health insurance status, history of coronary artery bypass graft surgery, peripheral vascular disease, renal failure, dialysis, and shock (p<0.05). Conclusion: Older age (≥65) was not independently associated with 1-year mortality among ECMO patients, but may indicate higher comorbidity, which was associated with increased risk of mortality in the year following ECMO.

Abstract 302: Echocardiographic Parameters in Perioperative Atrial Fibrillation in Cardiac and Non-Cardiac Surgery Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaspreet Arora ◽  
Arjun Nair ◽  
Leigh Cagino ◽  
Le Du ◽  
Mikhail Torosoff
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Stenosis ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Post Operative Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Social Security Death Index ◽  
New Onset

Background: We hypothesized that patients with new onset atrial fibrillation (AFib) following cardiac or non-cardiac surgery have similar echocardiographic features, regardless of the type of surgery. Methods: Study cohort included 4562 consecutive patients without history of atrial fibrillation undergoing general, thoracic or cardiovascular surgeries at a single tertiary academic medical center. Retrospective chart and echocardiogram review was performed. Chi-square, logistic regression, and analysis of variance were performed. Long-term all cause mortality was determined through Social Security Death Index. The study was approved by the institutional IRB. Results: Post-operative AFib was noted in 24% (275/1141) after cardiac surgery, 1.2 % (10/804) after thoracic non-cardiac surgery, and 0.7% (18/2617) after general non-cardiac non-thoracic surgery (p<0.0001). On available echocardiograms, 18% (48/264) had LV dilatation and 38% (98/261) had moderate or severe LV dysfunction. The left atrium was dilated in 53% (139/260). Moderate or severe tricuspid regurgitation was noted in 11% (15/128), mitral regurgitation in 28% (45/16), mitral stenosis in 13% (11/82), aortic insufficiency in 27% (37/135), and aortic stenosis in 63% (19/135). When adjusted for the presence of coronary artery disease, valvular disease, age, and gender, only aortic valve stenosis remained an important independent predictor of post-operative atrial fibrillation in non-cardiac surgery patients, HR=13.9 (95%CI 1.5-132.3, p<0.022). Conclusion: Despite significantly increased prevalence of new onset AFib after cardiac surgery, pre-existing cardiovascular conditions, specifically aortic valve stenosis, confer an increased risk of post-operative atrial fibrillation rather than the procedure itself. Improved resource utilization can be expected if post-operative ECG monitoring is limited to the high risk patients, identifiable during peri-operative screening. Prospective studies of this important subject are needed.

Comorbid Conditions and GFR Predict Nonvertebral Fractures in Patients With Diabetes in an Ethnic-Specific Manner

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. e2168-e2175
Author(s):  
Rajesh K Jain ◽  
Mark G Weiner ◽  
Huaqing Zhao ◽  
Tamara Vokes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Risk Of Fracture ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Major Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Insulin Use

Abstract Context Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with an increased risk of fracture, but it is not clear which diabetes and nondiabetes risk factors may be most important. Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate risk factors for incident major osteoporotic fractures (MOFs) of the hip, wrist, and humerus in African American (AA), Hispanic (HIS), and Caucasian (CA) subjects with DM. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of 18 210 subjects with DM (7298 CA, 7009 AA and 3903 HIS) at least 40 years of age, being followed at a large healthcare system in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Results In a global model in CA with DM, MOF were associated with dementia (HR 4.16; 95% CI, 2.13-8.12), OSA (HR 3.35; 95% CI, 1.78-6.29), COPD (HR 2.43; 95% CI, 1.51-3.92), and diabetic neuropathy (HR 2.52; 95% CI, 1.41-4.50). In AA, MOF were associated with prior MOF (HR 13.67; 95% CI, 5.48-34.1), dementia (HR 3.10; 95% CI, 1.07-8.98), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 45 (HR 2.05; 95% CI, 1.11-3.79), thiazide use (HR 0.54; 95% CI, 0.31-0.93), metformin use (HR 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36-0.97), and chronic steroid use (HR 5.03; 95% CI, 1.51-16.7). In HIS, liver disease (HR 3.06; 95% CI, 1.38-6.79) and insulin use (HR 2.93; 95% CI, 1.76-4.87) were associated with MOF. Conclusion In patients with diabetes, the risk of fracture is related to both diabetes-specific variables and comorbid conditions, but these relationships vary by race/ethnicity.

Evaluation of the effect of care at NCI comprehensive cancer centers (NCICCCs) on disparities in outcome within adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9512-9512
Author(s):  
Julie Anna Wolfson ◽  
Can-Lan Sun ◽  
Heeyoung Kim ◽  
Tongjun Kang ◽  
Smita Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Insurance Status ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
The Impact

9512 Background: AYAs (15-39y at diagnosis) with cancer have not seen the survival improvement evidenced by younger and older age groups with similar diagnoses, leaving an AYA Gap. While treatment on pediatric protocols is associated with superior survival in 15-21 year-olds, the impact of site of care on survival for vulnerable AYA subpopulations (age at diagnosis or race/ ethnicity) between 22-and 39y at diagnosis remains unstudied. Methods: We constructed a cohort of 10,727 patients newly diagnosed between the ages of 22- and 39y with lymphoma, leukemia, brain tumors, melanoma, thyroid and GU cancers, and reported to the LA County cancer registry between 1998 and 2008. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was conducted, and included race/ethnicity, age at diagnosis, SES, insurance status, primary cancer diagnosis and diagnosis year in the model; the analysis was stratified by site of care (NCICCC vs. non-NCICCC). Results: A total of 928 (9%) patients received treatment at the 3 NCICCCs (City of Hope, Jonsson Cancer Center and Norris Cancer Center) in LA County, and 9,799 received care elsewhere. Five-year overall survival (5y OS) was significantly worse for patients treated at non-NCICCC (87%) when compared with those treated at NCICCC (84%, p=0.02). In addition, 5y OS was worse for African Americans (71%) vs. non-Hispanic whites (89%, p<0.0001) and for older patients (31-39yo: 84%, vs. 22-30yo: 86%, p=0.0004). Multivariable analysis adjusting for SES, insurance status, diagnosis and diagnosis year revealed that African Americans (HR=1.4, p=0.0002) and older AYAs (31-39y: HR=1.24, p<0.0001) were at an increased risk of death. Among patients treated at NCICCC, the difference in risk of death due to race (African Americans: HR=0.8, p=0.7) and age (31-39yo: HR=1.1, p=0.6) was abrogated. On the other hand, among patients treated at non-NCICCC, these differences in outcome persisted (African Americans: HR=1.45, p =0.0002; 31-39yo: HR=1.25, p<.0001). Conclusions: Population-based data reveal that receipt of care at an NCICCC abrogates the effects of race and older age on mortality in AYAs with cancer. Barriers to accessing care at NCICCCs are being explored.

Abstract MP091: Hypertension is Associated With Increased Risk of Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Women With Peripartum Cardiomyopathy

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasnim F Imran ◽  
Donya Mohebali ◽  
Diana Lopez ◽  
Natalie Bello ◽  
Sandy Truong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Cardiac Transplantation ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare condition that carries a high morbidity and mortality among young women. Studies examining the association of modifiable risk factors such as hypertension with outcomes in this population are sparse. Methods: We conducted a multi-center retrospective study across three major centers (BWH, BIDMC, MGH) to identify subjects with PPCM using the following criteria: ejection fraction < 40%, development of heart failure within the last month of pregnancy or within 5 months of delivery and no other identifiable cause of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. We defined adverse clinical outcome as a composite of heart failure hospitalizations, need for extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation, ejection fraction <35%, cardiac transplantation or death during the follow-up period. Results: In all, 237 women met criteria for PPCM across the three centers between April 1995 and November 2015. Participants had a median age of 33.1 years (IQR: 28.6-38.0), gravida 2.0, para 2.0, mean left ventricular ejection fraction at diagnosis of 30%; 25% had chronic hypertension and 14% had preeclampsia. After a median follow-up of 3.2 years (IQR: 1.0-7.8), 59 events occurred. In a logistic regression model adjusting for age, number of prior pregnancies and number of deliveries, women with preeclampsia had an OR of 1.34 (95% CI: 1.05-1.72), p=0.02 as compared to those without preeclampsia. A similar association was observed for hypertension (Table). In sensitivity analysis, the association between preeclampsia and adverse outcomes persisted for blacks and other races, but not for whites. Conclusion: Our study suggests that hypertension or preeclampsia at diagnosis is associated with increased risk of heart failure hospitalizations, need for extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation, poor left ventricular function recovery, cardiac transplantation and death on follow-up in women with PPCM. Clinicians should consider aggressive treatment of hypertension in women of childbearing age.

scholarly journals Burden of Morbidity Borne By Survivors of Multiple Myeloma (MM) Treated with Autologous Blood or Marrow Transplant (BMT) — Results of the BMT Survivor Study (BMTSS)

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2127-2127
Author(s):  
Mukta Arora ◽  
Yanjun Chen ◽  
Lindsey Hageman ◽  
Jessica Wu ◽  
Liton F. Francisco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract Background: Autologous BMT (either as a planned procedure after completion of initial treatment or as salvage therapy for relapse) is considered standard of care for patients with MM. Therapeutic advances have resulted in significant improvement in survival, necessitating an understanding of the burden of morbidity borne by MM survivors - an understudied topic. We addressed this gap by conducting a comprehensive evaluation of chronic health conditions (CHCs) in MM patients treated with autologous BMT using BMTSS. Methods: Patients were eligible if they had undergone autologous BMT for MM between 1974 and 2014 at one of 3 BMT centers, had survived for ≥2y after BMT, and were ≥18y of age at participation. Of the 1,116 subjects approached, 630 (56.5%) participated. A nearest-age sibling was invited to participate in the study, and served as an unaffected comparison group (n=289). Survivors and siblings completed a 231-item BMTSS survey that included questions regarding CHCs, including age at onset of each CHC. Each CHC was scored (CTCAE v 4.03) to determine severity. Using multivariable logistic regression, we determined the risk of any severe (grade 3) or life-threatening (grade 4) CHC in survivors compared with siblings, adjusting for age at study, sex, race/ethnicity, education, annual household income and insurance status. Information on initial pre-BMT treatment exposures, conditioning regimens and post-BMT maintenance treatment was abstracted from medical records. Cumulative incidence of CHCs overall, and by specific types were calculated for BMT survivors, treating death as a competing risk. Cox regression was used to determine clinical, demographic and therapeutic predictors of CHCs in BMT survivors. Results: Mean age at BMT was 57.6±8.5y and at survey was 64.2±7.9y. Mean interval between BMT and study participation was 6.6±3.7y; 58% were males, and 62% were non-Hispanic white. Conditioning was melphalan based in 98%, TBI was used in only 5.5%. Mean age at survey for the siblings was 64±8.08y; 58% were male and 84% were non-Hispanic whites. BMT survivors vs. siblings: Overall, 43.3% of the survivors reported a grade 3-4 CHC, placing them at a 1.4-fold higher odds when compared with siblings (95%CI, 1.0-1.9, p=0.03). The odds of developing the following CHCs were significantly higher in BMT survivors when compared with siblings (Fig 1): cataracts (odds ratio [OR]=2.3; 95%CI, 1.4-3.7, p=0.0006), venous thrombo-embolism (VTE: OR=2.4, 95%CI, 1.2-4.6 p=0.01), and subsequent neoplasms (SNs: OR=4.4, 95% CI, 1.8-10.6, p=0.0009). BMT survivors only: 10y cumulative incidence of any grade 3-4 CHC in BMT survivors was 57.6% ± 3.2% (Fig 2). Cataracts: 10y cumulative incidence of cataracts was 24.8% ± 2.7%. Older age at BMT (≥60y: relative risk [RR]=3.3; 95%CI, 2.2-5.1, p <0.0001); TBI-based conditioning (RR=2.3; 95%CI, 1.1-4.8, p=0.02); and female sex (RR=1.6; 95%CI, 1.1-2.4, p=0.01) were associated with increased risk of cataracts. VTE: 10y cumulative incidence of thrombo-embolic events was 10.5% ± 1.6%. Older age at BMT (≥60y: RR=2.2; 95%CI, 1.2-3.9, p=0.007); non-Hispanic white race/ethnicity (RR=4.8; 95%CI, 2.0-11.2, p=0.0003); and pre-BMT exposure to doxorubicin (RR=2.1; 95%CI, 1.04-4.04, p=0.04) were associated with increased risk for VTE. SNs:10y cumulative incidence of SN was 14.0% ± 2.5%. Older age at BMT (≥60y: RR=2.2; 95%CI, 1.2-4.2, p=0.01), pre-BMT exposure to cyclophosphamide (RR=2.9, 95%CI,1.3-6.5, p=0.01) and IMiDs (thalidomide or lenalidomide: RR=3.8, 95%CI, 1.6-9.2, p=0.003); and non-Hispanic white race/ethnicity (RR=2.3; 95%CI, 1.1-4.8, p=0.03) were associated with increased risk for SNs. Conclusion: The 10y cumulative incidence of a severe/life-threatening chronic health condition approaches 60% in multiple myeloma patients treated with autologous BMT. Cataracts, thrombo-embolic events and subsequent neoplasms constitute the largest burden of morbidity. This study identifies demographic factors and treatment exposures associated with increased risk of chronic health conditions, and provides evidence for close monitoring of these survivors to anticipate and manage morbidity. Disclosures Weisdorf: Seattle Genetics: Consultancy; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy; FATE: Consultancy; SL Behring: Consultancy; Equillium: Consultancy. Forman:Mustang Therapeutics: Other: Licensing Agreement, Patents & Royalties, Research Funding.

scholarly journals Cerebrovascular accidents in patients supported with veno-arterial extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation- is duration of support important?

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Hussain ◽  
N Zero ◽  
T Al-Saadi ◽  
M Asghar ◽  
N Glowacki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecmo Support ◽  
P Value ◽  
Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accidents ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Va Ecmo ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Purpose of study Veno-Arterial Extra-corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is indicated for refractory cardiac and/or respiratory failure. Adverse events remain considerable despite best practices. We specifically aimed to understand risk factors associated with cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) in patients who underwent VA-ECMO support. Methods We retrospectively assessed all VA-ECMO patients from 2007 to 2019 at our institution. We identified those who experienced a CVA while supported by VA-ECMO. Patients with the primary event (CVA) were matched to controls (no CVA) based on age and sex. Comparisons were made between groups using McNemar's, Mantel-Haenszel, and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank tests where appropriate. Results Of the 278 VA-ECMO patients in the registry, 32 patients who experienced a CVA were identified; 24 (8.6%) ischemic and 8 (2.9%) hemorrhagic. Median age was 59.5 years (inter-quartile range: 49–65 years) and 75% of patients were males. Hypertension, diabetes, CAD and CHF were common co-morbidities (Table 1). Cardiogenic shock was the most common indication for VA-ECMO support in both cohorts, 75% in cases and 71.9% in controls. Cannulation strategies were identified as central or peripheral. There was a significant association of duration of VA-ECMO support with incidence of CVA, with a p-value of 0.03. Regression analysis showed a trend of increased risk of CVA by 4% for each additional day on VA-ECMO, however, this was not statistically significant (Odds ratio: 1.04; confidence interval 1.00–1.08). Most common outcome was death followed by decannulation to recovery and bridge to LVAD. Conclusion Ischemic and hemorrhagic CVAs are not uncommon during VA-ECMO support. Our case control study shows an association of duration of VA-ECMO support with incidence of CVA. This underscores the importance of timely assessment and weaning or bridging of VA-ECMO patients to their next management step. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

Living with HIV in the Time of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naveed Noor
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Associated Conditions ◽  
Living With Hiv

This commentary foregrounds the need to examine how the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated conditions may be affecting the lives of people living with HIV (PLWH) in a developing country context like Pakistan. It raises some important questions on medical care and updated information regarding PLWH in the time of COVID-19. Since PLWH are at an increased risk of developing comorbid conditions – something that makes them more vulnerable to COVID-19 – it is critical that timely research and evidence-based actions are undertaken to protect their health.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional observational study of epidemiology of COVID-19 and clinical outcomes of hospitalised patients in North West London during March and April 2020

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e044384
Author(s):  
Guduru Gopal Rao ◽  
Alexander Allen ◽  
Padmasayee Papineni ◽  
Liyang Wang ◽  
Charlotte Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Increased Risk

ObjectiveThe aim of this paper is to describe evolution, epidemiology and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in subjects tested at or admitted to hospitals in North West London.DesignObservational cohort study.SettingLondon North West Healthcare NHS Trust (LNWH).ParticipantsPatients tested and/or admitted for COVID-19 at LNWH during March and April 2020Main outcome measuresDescriptive and analytical epidemiology of demographic and clinical outcomes (intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation and mortality) of those who tested positive for COVID-19.ResultsThe outbreak began in the first week of March 2020 and reached a peak by the end of March and first week of April. In the study period, 6183 tests were performed in on 4981 people. Of the 2086 laboratory confirmed COVID-19 cases, 1901 were admitted to hospital. Older age group, men and those of black or Asian minority ethnic (BAME) group were predominantly affected (p<0.05). These groups also had more severe infection resulting in ICU admission and need for mechanical ventilation (p<0.05). However, in a multivariate analysis, only increasing age was independently associated with increased risk of death (p<0.05). Mortality rate was 26.9% in hospitalised patients.ConclusionThe findings confirm that men, BAME and older population were most commonly and severely affected groups. Only older age was independently associated with mortality.

Urgent coronary artery bypass graft surgery supported by veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a report of two cases

Perfusion ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 026765912110081
Author(s):  
Tamer Abdalghafoor ◽  
Bassam Shoman ◽  
Amr Salah Omar ◽  
Yasser Shouman ◽  
Abdulwahid Almulla
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Circulatory Support ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Cardiac Procedures ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Va Ecmo

Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices, especially veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) devices, are increasingly used to shore complex cardiac procedures in high-risk patients. We are reporting two cases where patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) under support of VA-ECMO in the setting of cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction. The patients had different courses, but both survived the initial insult and were weaned successively from VA-ECMO. Our report indicates that VA-ECMO can be used instead of the cardiopulmonary bypass machine (CPB) to support the circulation during CABG surgery in patients with complex coronary anatomy and unstable haemodynamics. Future studies focusing on the long-term outcomes of such patients will probably help to establish the optimal management of this type of patients.

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