Abstract P321: Pregnancy Loss is Associated With Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Mexican Women

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra A Hartasanchez ◽  
Mario Flores ◽  
Adriana Monge ◽  
Elsa Yunes ◽  
Carlos Cantu-Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women often develops in the absence of conventional risk factors. Prenatal loss, a common pregnancy outcome, may result in physiologic changes that could affect future risk of myocardial infarction. Little is known about the impact of pregnancy loss on early markers of CVD risk. Hypothesis: Pregnancy loss affects carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis among 1,769 disease-free women from the Mexican Teachers’ Cohort who had been pregnant to evaluate the relation between pregnancy loss and CIMT. In 2008 participants answered a baseline questionnaire on reproductive history, risk factors for chronic disease and medical conditions that was updated in 2011. We defined pregnancy loss as abortion and/or stillbirth. Between 2012 and 2016, CIMT was measured by trained neurologists using ultrasound in three clinical sites. We log-transformed CIMT and defined carotid atherosclerosis as CIMT ≥0.8mm or plaque. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression models to assess the relation between pregnancy loss, CIMT and carotid atherosclerosis. Results: Mean age of participants was 49.8 (SD ± 5.1) years. The prevalence of pregnancy loss was 22% (394 of 1769) , while we observed carotid atherosclerosis in 23% (405 of 1769) of participants. Comparing participants who reported a pregnancy loss to those who did not, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio for carotid atherosclerosis was 1.52 (95% CI 1.12, 2.06). Women who experienced a stillbirth had 2.32 higher odds (95% CI 1.03, 5.21) of carotid atherosclerosis than those who did not. Mean CIMT appeared to be higher in women who reported a pregnancy loss relative to those who did not, however, in multivariable analyses, pregnancy loss and stillbirth were not significantly associated with CIMT. Conclusions: Abortion and stillbirth may be associated with a higher risk of CVD. Additional investigation on potential underlying mechanisms for this association is required.

scholarly journals Is night-time light intensity associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors among adults in early-stage urbanisation in South India? A cross-sectional study of the Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents Study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e036213
Author(s):  
Tina Bonde Sorensen ◽  
Robin Wilson ◽  
John Gregson ◽  
Bhavani Shankar ◽  
Alan D Dangour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
South India ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children And Parents

ObjectivesTo explore associations of night-time light intensity (NTLI), a novel proxy for continuous urbanisation levels, with mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index (BMI), fasting serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), among adults in early-stage urbanisation in Telangana, South India.DesignCross-sectional analysis of the third wave of the Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents Study cohort.Setting28 villages representing a continuum of urbanisation levels, ranging from rural settlement to medium-sized town in Telangana, South India.ParticipantsData were available from 6944 participants, 6236 of whom were eligible after excluding pregnant women, participants younger than 18 years of age and participants missing data for age. Participants were excluded if they did not provide fasting blood samples, had implausible or missing outcome values, were medicated for hypertension or diabetes or had triglyceride levels invalidating derived LDL. The analysis included 5924 participants for BMI, 5752 participants for SBP, 5287 participants for LDL and 5328 participants for FPG.ResultsIncreasing NTLI was positively associated with mean BMI, SBP and LDL but not FPG. Adjusted mean differences across the range of village-level NTLI were 1.0 kg/m2 (95% CI 0.01 to 1.9) for BMI; 4.2 mm Hg (95% CI 1.0 to 7.4) for SBP; 0.3 mmol/L (95% CI −0.01 to 0.7) for LDL; and −0.01 mmol/L (95% CI −0.4 to 0.4) for FPG. Associations of NTLI with BMI and SBP were stronger in older age groups.ConclusionThe association of NTLI with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors identify NTLI as a potentially important tool for exploring urbanisation-related health. Consistent associations of moderate increases in urbanisation levels with important CVD risk factors warrant prevention strategies to curb expected large public health impacts from continued and rapid urbanisation in India.

scholarly journals Dinner consumption and cardiovascular disease risk factors among a nationally representative sample of Iranian adolescents: the CASPIAN-III Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-146
Author(s):  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Fahime Akbari ◽  
Mostafa Qorbani ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh ◽  
Gelayol Ardalan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nationally Representative

Introduction: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and dinner consumption in a nationally representative sample of Iranian adolescents. Methods: The present study was conducted on 5642 adolescents aged 10-18 years old in 27 provinces in Iran. The subjects were included applying by multistage random cluster sampling. Participants who ate ≥5 dinners during a week were considered as a dinner consumer. Results: Among 5642 subjects, 1412 (25%) did not consume dinner. Dinner consumers were less likely to be overweight or obese (P < 0.001) and abdominally obese (P < 0.001) as well as to have an abnormal level of HDL-C (P = 0.02). Dinner skipper youths had a higher risk for overweight or obesity (odds ratio [OR]: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.39-1.89) and abdominal obesity (OR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.36-1.85) which remained significant after adjusting confounding factors (P <0001). No relationship was observed between dinner consumption and the rest of the CVD risk factors, neither in crude nor in adjusted models. A higher proportion of dinner-consumer adolescents had no CVD risk factors in comparison to dinner-skipper subjects (31.1% vs. 28%). Conclusion: Eating dinner might be inversely associated with some CVD risk factors among Iranian adolescents. Further prospective studies will need to prove this theory.

scholarly journals Patterns of Immune Activation in HIV and Non HIV Subjects and Its Relation to Cardiovascular Disease Risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alinda G. Vos ◽  
Caitlin N. Dodd ◽  
Eveline M. Delemarre ◽  
Stefan Nierkens ◽  
Celicia Serenata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Immune Markers ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Negative

IntroductionInsight into inflammation patterns is needed to understand the pathophysiology of HIV and related cardiovascular disease (CVD). We assessed patterns of inflammation related to HIV infection and CVD risk assessed with carotid intima media thickness (CIMT).MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed in Johannesburg, South Africa, including participants with HIV who were virally suppressed on anti-retroviral therapy (ART) as well as HIV-negative participants who were family members or friends to the HIV-positive participants. Information was collected on CVD risk factors and CIMT. Inflammation was measured with the Olink panel ‘inflammation’, allowing to simultaneously assess 92 inflammation markers. Differences in inflammation patterns between HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants were explored using a principal component analysis (PCA) and ANCOVA. The impact of differentiating immune markers, as identified by ANCOVA, on CIMT was assessed using linear regression while adjusting for classic CVD risk factors.ResultsIn total, 185 HIV-positive and 104 HIV negative participants, 63% females, median age 40.7 years (IQR 35.4 – 47.7) were included. HIV-positive individuals were older (+6 years, p &lt;0.01) and had a higher CIMT (p &lt;0.01). No clear patterns of inflammation were identified by use of PCA. Following ANCOVA, nine immune markers differed significantly between HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants, including PDL1. PDL1 was independently associated with CIMT, but upon stratification this effect remained for HIV-negative individuals only.ConclusionHIV positive patients on stable ART and HIV negative controls had similar immune activation patterns. CVD risk in HIV-positive participants was mediated by inflammation markers included in this study.

scholarly journals Nutrients in Fish and Possible Associations with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Tørris ◽  
Milada Cvancarova Småstuen ◽  
Marianne Molin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
The Impact

Non-communicable diseases (NSDs) are responsible for two-thirds of all deaths globally, whereas cardiovascular disease (CVD) alone counts for nearly half of them. To reduce the impact of CVD, targeting modifiable risk factors comprised in metabolic syndrome (e.g., waist circumference, lipid profile, blood pressure, and blood glucose) is of great importance. Beneficial effects of fish consumption on CVD has been revealed over the past decades, and some studies suggest that fish consumption may have a protective role in preventing metabolic syndrome. Fish contains a variety of nutrients that may contribute to health benefits. This review examines current recommendations for fish intake as a source of various nutrients (proteins, n-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, iodine, selenium, and taurine), and their effects on metabolic syndrome and the CVD risk factors. Fatty fish is recommended due to its high levels of n-3 fatty acids, however lean fish also contains nutrients that may be beneficial in the prevention of CVD.

Abstract 14592: Pregnancy Loss and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Early Adulthood: Preliminary Findings From Add Health

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamnia I Cortes ◽  
Shuo Zhang ◽  
Diane C Berry ◽  
Jon Hussey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Add Health ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Live Births

Introduction: Pregnancy loss, including miscarriage and stillbirth, affect 15-20% of pregnancies in the United States annually. Accumulating evidence suggests that pregnancy loss is associated with greater cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden later in life. However, associations between pregnancy loss and CVD risk factors in early adulthood (age<35 years) have not been assessed. Objective: To examine associations between pregnancy loss and CVD risk factors in early adulthood. Methods: We conducted a secondary data analysis using the public-use data set for Wave IV (2007-2009) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). Our sample consisted of women, ages 24-32 years, with a previous pregnancy who completed biological data collection (n=2,968). Pregnancy loss was assessed as any history of miscarriage or stillbirth; and as none, one, or recurrent (≥2) pregnancy loss. Dependent variables included physical measures and blood specimens: body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, diabetes status, and dyslipidemia. Associations between pregnancy loss and each CVD risk factor were tested using linear (for BMI) and logistic regression adjusting for sociodemographic factors, parity, pre-pregnancy BMI, smoking during pregnancy, and depression. Results: Six hundred and ninety-three women (23%) reported a pregnancy loss, of which 21% reported recurrent pregnancy loss. Women with all live births were more likely to identify as non-Hispanic White (73%) and report a higher annual income. After adjusting for sociodemographics (age, race/ethnicity, education, income), pregnancy loss was associated with a greater BMI (ß=0.90; SE,0.39). In fully-adjusted models, women with recurrent pregnancy loss were more likely to have hypertension (AOR, 2.50; 95%CI, 1.04-5.96) and prediabetes (AOR, 1.93; 95%CI. 1.11-3.37) than women with all live births; the association was non-significant for women with one pregnancy loss. Conclusions: Pregnancy loss is associated with a more adverse CVD risk factor profile in early adulthood. Findings suggest the need for CVD risk assessment in young women with a prior pregnancy loss. Further research is necessary to identify underlying risk factors of pregnancy loss that may predispose women to CVD.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: Findings from Prospective Real-life T1D Exchange Registry

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. e2032-e2038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viral N Shah ◽  
Ryan Bailey ◽  
Mengdi Wu ◽  
Nicole C Foster ◽  
Rodica Pop-Busui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Context Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of mortality in adults with type 1 diabetes. Objective We prospectively evaluated CVD risk factors in a large, contemporary cohort of adults with type 1 diabetes living in the United States. Design Observational study of CVD and CVD risk factors over a median of 5.3 years. Setting The T1D Exchange clinic network. Patients Adults (age ≥ 18 years) with type 1 diabetes and without known CVD diagnosed before or at enrollment. Main Outcome Measure Associations between CVD risk factors and incident CVD were assessed by multivariable logistic regression. Results The study included 8,727 participants (53% female, 88% non-Hispanic white, median age 33 years [interquartile ratio {IQR} = 21, 48], type 1 diabetes duration 16 years [IQR = 9, 26]). At enrollment, median HbA1c was 7.6% (66 mmol/mol) (IQR = 6.9 [52], 8.6 [70]), 33% used a statin, and 37% used blood pressure medication. Over a mean follow-up of 4.6 years, 325 (3.7%) participants developed incident CVD. Ischemic heart disease was the most common CVD event. Increasing age, body mass index, HbA1c, presence of hypertension and dyslipidemia, increasing duration of diabetes, and diabetic nephropathy were associated with increased risk for CVD. There were no significant gender differences in CVD risk. Conclusion HbA1c, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetic nephropathy are important risk factors for CVD in adults with type 1 diabetes. A longer follow-up is likely required to assess the impact of other traditional CVD risk factors on incident CVD in the current era.

scholarly journals Intake of Boiled Potato in Relation to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in a Large Norwegian Cohort: The HUNT Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Trine Moholdt ◽  
Brooke L. Devlin ◽  
Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hunt Study ◽  
Potato Consumption

Overall potato consumption is positively associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, such as measures of adiposity. However, few studies have explicitly stated the preparation method of potatoes, which may impact these associations. We examined cross-sectional associations between self-reported dietary intake of boiled potatoes and levels of body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, and blood lipids among 43,683 participants in the HUNT Study, Norway in 2006–2008. All estimated associations were adjusted for possible imbalance in age, sex, physical activity, smoking, intake of other foods and alcohol between categories of boiled potato consumption. Overall, there were no large differences in mean levels of CVD risk factors between categories of boiled potato consumption. Compared to the reference group of individuals who consumed boiled potatoes less than once/week, those who reported eating boiled potatoes every day had slightly higher prevalence of high waist circumference (odds ratio [OR] 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–1.29), high triglycerides levels (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.07–1.34), and metabolic syndrome (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.03–1.33). In summary, consumption of boiled potatoes showed weak and small associations with the CVD risk factors under study, but the cross-sectional design prevents us from drawing any firm conclusions.

404Impact of cardiovascular risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease: Results from MORGAM and BiomarCaRE consortia

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Magnussen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Daily Smoking ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Coronary Death ◽  
Cardiac Revascularization ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Knowledge about the impact of modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) onset is essential to improve CVD prevention. Purpose We estimated population-attributable fractions (PAFs) of body-mass-index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diabetes, blood lipids (non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; non-HDL-C) and daily smoking for CVD. Methods Harmonized data from MOnica Risk, Genetics, Archiving and Monograph (MORGAM) and Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Europe (BiomaCaRE) consortia were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs; 95% CI) and PAFs for incident CVD (myocardial infarction or coronary death, unstable angina, cardiac revascularization, ischemic stroke). PAFs for single risk factors or any combination of them were estimated using methods by Laaksonen 2011. Results We included 150,190 participants (77,801 men and 72,389 women) without CVD at baseline. Strongest associations were seen for SBP ≥160 mmHg (HR 1.79, 1.67–1.92 men; HR 1.93, 1.75–2.14 women), diabetes (HR 2.02, 1.86–2.20 men; HR 2.29, 2.06–2.55 women), non-HDL-C ≥220 mg/dL (HR 3.11, 2.49–3.88 men; HR 2.27, 1.68–3.05 women), daily smoking (HR 1.82, 1.73–1,90 men; HR 2.16, 2.0–2.33 women). Table 1 provides PAFs for incident CVD. Overall PAFs for men and women were 73.7% (67.7–79.1) and 73.3% (64.9–80.9). Table 1. PAFs (%) for 5-year incident CVD Risk factor/category PAFs (95% CI), men PAFs (95% CI), women Underweight 0.1 (−0.1, 0.3) 0.2 (−0.1, 0.6) Pre-obesity 6.6 (4.3, 8.9) 4.3 (1.5, 6.9) Obesity 3.9 (2.7, 5.3) 8.0 (5.3, 10.5) SBP 130 to <140 mmHg 2.8 (1.7, 4.0) 2.7 (1.3, 4.0) SBP 140 to <160 mmHg 9.7 (8.1, 11.3) 9.3 (6.7, 11.6) SBP ≥160 mmHg 11.3 (9.7, 12.8) 18.9 (16.2, 21.8) Diabetes 5.2 (4.5, 6.2) 7.8 (6.5, 9.4) non-HDL-C 100 to <145 mg/dL 4.3 (1.8, 6.4) 3.3 (0.5, 6.5) non-HDL-C 145 to <185 mg/dL 13.9 (9.8, 17.5) 11.3 (6.0, 16.2) non-HDL-C 185 to <220 mg/dL 15.8 (12.8, 18.4) 12.8 (8.8, 17.0) non-HDL-C ≥220 mg/dL 16.7 (14.6, 18.5) 17.0 (12.5, 21.1) Daily smoking 16.5 (15.0, 18.3) 12.3 (10.7, 13.7) The N CVD events/N used was 8,302/77,801 for men and 4,071/72,389 for women. Conclusion Uncontrolled risk factors, especially non-HDL-C and SBP in the highest category, daily smoking and diabetes had the highest impact for incident CVD. All risk factors combined accounted for a PAF of 73%. Targeting risk factors would lead to a substantial reduction of CVD onset. Acknowledgement/Funding BiomarCaRE: EU Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013), No. HEALTH-F2-2011-278913. MORGAM: EU FP 7 CHANCES (HEALTH-F3-2010-242244).

Metabolic health in patients with schizophrenia – CVD risk in a Norwegian outpatient population

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s810-s810
Author(s):  
J. Engh ◽  
E. Andersen ◽  
E. Martinsen ◽  
J. Egeland ◽  
T.L. Holmen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
General Population ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Characteristics ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

The mortality of schizophrenia patients is approximately twice that of the general population and there is a 20% reduction in life expectancy in this patient group. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is responsible for as much as 50% of the excess mortality associated with schizophrenia. One important source of the high CVD prevalence is the cluster of metabolic characteristics defining the metabolic syndrome (MetS: 3 or more of the following features: abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, elevated levels of triglycerides and fasting glucose and low levels of high-density lipoproteins). Patients with schizophrenia seem to be undertreated for these vascular risk factors relative to the general population. More knowledge is needed concerning broadened risk factors of cardiovascular disease in a representative sample of schizophrenia patients. We conducted preliminary cross sectional analyses in a sample of 64 consecutive outpatients with schizophrenia with a mean age of 37 years consisting of 59% men, who were enrolled in a treatment study. All used antipsychotics, and 71% were smokers. We found that (percentage of patients under treatment for the respective somatic condition in parenthesis) 82% were overweight, 49% had hypertonia (17%), 24% hyperglycemia (3%), 48% hypertriglyceridemia and 13% hyperlipidemia (10% triglycerid or cholesterol lowering medication). Forty percent had metabolic syndrome compared to 11% in the normal population (Norway, age corrected). Additionally, estimates of insulin resistance will be conducted. We found that the prevalence of MetS components was high in outpatient schizophrenia. A substantial discrepancy was found between metabolic ill health and medication treatment of such conditions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Changing Trends in the Prevalence and Disparities of Obesity and Other Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Three Racial/Ethnic Groups of USA Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila X. Romero ◽  
Tomas E. Romero ◽  
Judith C. Shlay ◽  
Lorraine G. Ogden ◽  
Dana Dabelea
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Objectives. To examine trends in the prevalence and disparities of traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among the major race/ethnic groups in the USA: non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs), non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs), and Mexican Americans (MAs).Methods. We used cross-sectional trend analysis in women and men aged 25–84 years participating in the NHANES surveys, years 1988–1994 (n=14,341) and 1999–2004 (n=12,360).Results. The prevalence of obesity and hypertension increased significantly in NHW and NHB, both in men and women; NHB had the highest prevalence of obesity and hypertension in each time period. Diabetes prevalence showed a nonsignificant increasing trend in all groups and was higher in MA in both periods. Smoking significantly decreased in NHW men and NHB, the latter with the largest decline although the highest prevalence in each period; no changes were noted in MA, who had the lowest prevalence in both periods. Race/ethnic CVD risk factors disparities widened for obesity and hypercholesterolemia, remained unchanged for diabetes and hypertension, and narrowed for smoking.Conclusions. The increasing prevalence of obesity and hypertension underscores the need for better preventive measures, particularly in the NHB group that exhibits the worst trends. The decline in smoking rates may offset some of these unfavorable trends.

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